SAP S/4HANA SD key terms

A central master data object in S/4HANA that represents a person, organization, or group. It holds addresses, roles, and relationships and replaces separate customer and vendor masters.

A classification that determines which data and transactions are available for a business partner, such as customer, vendor, or contact person. A partner can have several roles at once.

The synchronization mechanism that links a business partner to the customer and vendor master records it replaces. It ensures consistent data and is configured through mapping and number range settings.

A configuration that controls number assignment and field status for business partners. It determines whether numbers are internal or external and which data entry screens apply.

A business partner representing an individual who works for a customer organization. It is linked to the company partner through a relationship and used in sales documents and addresses.

A link between two business partners that describes how they are connected, such as a contact person working for a company. Relationships can be time-dependent and direction-dependent.

A document that records a financial claim or credit against a customer, such as an invoice, credit memo, or debit memo. It is created from deliveries or orders and posts to accounting.

A worklist that collects delivery items, order items, and other billable documents that are due for billing. Users select, verify, and process entries to create billing documents in batches.

A schedule of dates and amounts used to bill a customer in installments or milestones over the life of a project or contract. It creates billing documents according to the plan.

A grouping of individual billing documents sent to a customer as one statement, often used for periodic settlement. It can adjust payment terms and create a single receivable.

A sales document that requests a credit to a customer, often for returns, complaints, or price corrections. When approved, it is billed as a credit memo.

Configuration that determines which general ledger accounts are posted for billing documents. It uses condition technique with keys such as sales organization, customer, and material.

A status that prevents a document from being billed until it is removed. Blocks may come from the sales order header, item, or delivery and are released manually or automatically.

A document that controls the physical movement of goods from the company to a customer. It manages picking, packing, and goods issue and is the basis for billing and shipping documents.

A line in an outbound delivery representing a quantity of material to be shipped. It carries plant, storage location, quantity, and status information and links back to the sales order.

The posting that reduces inventory and records the cost of goods sold when goods leave the company. It is a prerequisite for billing in most standard delivery-related processes.

The process of confirming that the requested quantity of material has been taken from storage for a delivery. It updates delivery status and can create transfer orders in warehouse management.

The process of grouping delivery items into handling units or packages for shipment. It records packaging materials and supports shipping labels and export documentation.

A list of sales order schedule lines that are due for delivery, used to create outbound deliveries in batches. It can be filtered by shipping point, date, and other criteria.

An organizational unit where outbound deliveries are processed and goods are shipped. It determines scheduling, routes, and default storage locations for deliveries.

A status on a sales order or delivery that stops the delivery from being created or processed. It is used to hold shipments for credit, documentation, or manual checks.

A defined sequence of condition types that the system processes to calculate a price. It determines which conditions apply and in what order, including discounts, surcharges, and taxes.

A configurable element that represents a pricing factor such as a base price, discount, freight, or tax. It controls how condition records are accessed and how amounts are calculated.

A stored value or scale for a condition type, such as a material price or customer discount. It is found through an access sequence during pricing.

A search strategy made of access steps that tells the system where to look for valid condition records. Each step uses a different combination of fields and stops at the first match.

A rule that prevents certain condition types from being considered together when they are mutually exclusive. It ensures only the best or most relevant condition contributes to the price.

A tool that shows step by step how the system determined a price, including which condition records were found or rejected. It helps diagnose unexpected pricing results.

A condition type that displays information in the pricing procedure but does not change the net price or the accounting result. It is used for reporting and analysis only.

A sales document in which a customer commits to buying materials or services. It contains header and item data and drives delivery, billing, and credit processes.

Configuration that controls the behavior of a sales document, including number ranges, item categories, delivery and billing relevance, and screen layout. Examples include standard order and quotation.

A configuration that determines how an individual sales document item behaves, including pricing, delivery, billing, and schedule line usage. It is derived from the document type and material.

A configuration that controls the delivery and availability check behavior of a sales order schedule line. It determines whether and how the item is transferred to delivery.

The linked chain of documents created from one another, such as order to delivery to billing. It provides status and quantity visibility across the process.

A check that compares requested quantities with available stock and planned receipts to confirm a delivery date. It can confirm, partially confirm, or reject a schedule line.

The process of checking a customer's credit limit and exposure before confirming or releasing sales documents. It can block orders or deliveries until credit is approved.

A list of required fields that are missing in a sales document. It prevents further processing until the user completes the missing data.

Configuration that defines which data is copied from a source document to a target document, such as order to delivery or delivery to billing. It controls document flow and field mapping.