Series 16 study guide
Series 16 · Work through your exam, one topic at a time.
The Series 16 - often called the Supervisory Analyst Qualification Examination - is a FINRA qualification examination associated with the supervisory analyst function at member firms: the review and sign-off of research reports before they reach clients. Candidates are typically experienced analysts, associates, or compliance staff who already hold a research-related registration and are moving into a review-and-approval role. The exam is organized into four equally weighted domains, each carrying roughly a quarter of the scored content: preparation and review of research reports; financial statement analysis and accounting; valuation, estimates and investment recommendations; and the regulatory and supervisory requirements that govern research. Because the four areas are weighted identically, a passing strategy cannot lean on one strength - accounting mechanics, valuation judgment, drafting discipline, and rule knowledge all have to be built. The Series 16 study guide has 4 sections and about 1,177 words.
01Preparation and Review of Research Reports
A research report is a communication that recommends a security or provides an investment view. It must be balanced, factual, and supported.
247 words, about 1 min02Financial Statement Analysis and Accounting
Financial statement analysis for research focuses on the sustainability of earnings and cash flow. Know revenue recognition, accrual accounting, working capital, operating versus non-operating items, and the difference between GAAP and adjusted figures.
217 words, about 1 min03Valuation, Estimates and Investment Recommendations
Valuation methods include DCF, trading comparables, precedent transactions, dividend discount, residual income, and sum-of-the-parts. The central discipline is matching the cash flow to the discount rate and the value to the capital structure.
489 words, about 2 min04Regulatory and Supervisory Requirements for Research
Series 16 candidates must know FINRA Rules 2241 and 2242, Regulation AC, and SEC Regulation FD, plus firm supervisory procedures. Key requirements: research reports must be fair, balanced, and not misleading; analysts must certify that views are personal and that compensation is not tied to specific recommendations; disclosures must cover ownership, compensation, investment banking relationships, market making, and conflicts.
224 words, about 1 min