DC CAPE 2.0 Science Grade 5 flashcards
DC CAPE 2.0 Science Grade 5 · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Testable question
- A question that can be investigated through observation or experiment and answered with evidence, not opinion.
- Observation
- Information gathered using the five senses or measurement tools, such as seeing a plant grow or measuring temperature.
- Inference
- A logical explanation or conclusion based on observations and prior knowledge, not directly observed.
- Hypothesis
- A testable prediction about the outcome of an investigation, often written as an if-then statement.
- Controlled experiment
- An investigation where one variable is changed, one is measured, and all others are kept the same.
- Independent variable
- The variable that is changed or manipulated by the investigator in a controlled experiment.
- Dependent variable
- The variable that is measured or observed in a controlled experiment; it responds to the independent variable.
- Model
- A simplified representation of a system or process used to explain, predict, or test ideas.
- Prediction
- A statement about what will happen in the future based on evidence, observations, or prior knowledge.
- Data analysis
- The process of examining data to identify patterns, trends, and relationships, often using tables and graphs.
- Scientific argument
- A claim supported by evidence and reasoning that explains why the evidence supports the claim.
- Engineering design process
- A series of steps engineers use to solve problems, including defining, planning, testing, and improving designs.
- Criteria
- The requirements or specifications that a successful design must meet to solve the problem.
- Constraints
- Limitations on a design, such as available materials, time, cost, or safety rules.
- Prototype
- A working model built to test and evaluate a design before creating the final product.
- Trade-off
- A compromise where improving one feature of a design may require sacrificing another feature.
- Optimization
- The process of making a design as effective as possible within the given constraints, often through repeated testing.
- Iterative testing
- Repeated cycles of building, testing, and improving a design based on data collected from each test.
- Communicating solutions
- Sharing design ideas and test results through drawings, models, reports, or presentations to inform others.
- Matter conservation
- The principle that matter is neither created nor destroyed in a closed system, even when it changes form.
- Physical change
- A change in which the substance's identity remains the same, such as melting, freezing, or dissolving.
- Chemical change
- A change that produces new substances with different properties, such as rusting or burning.
- Energy transfer
- The movement of energy from one place or object to another, such as heat flowing from hot to cold.
- Energy conversion
- A change of energy from one form to another, such as light energy converting to chemical energy in plants.
- Sun's energy
- Light and heat from the Sun that drives processes on Earth, including weather, plant growth, and the water cycle.
- Earth's systems
- The geosphere (land), hydrosphere (water), atmosphere (air), and biosphere (living things) that interact on Earth.
- Water cycle
- The continuous movement of water through evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection, powered by the Sun.
- Food web
- A model showing how energy and matter move through organisms in an ecosystem via feeding relationships.
- Gravity
- A force that pulls objects toward each other; Earth's gravity pulls objects toward its center.
- Tides
- The regular rise and fall of ocean water caused mainly by the Moon's gravitational pull on Earth.
- Solar system
- The Sun and all objects that orbit it, including planets, moons, asteroids, and comets.
- Star
- A huge, glowing ball of gas that produces its own light and heat, such as the Sun.