ABPS Disaster Medicine flashcards
ABPS Disaster Medicine · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Hazard Vulnerability Analysis
- A systematic process that scores the probability and consequences of potential hazards to prioritize planning, mitigation, and resource allocation.
- Preparedness Cycle
- A continuous cycle of planning, organizing and equipping, training, exercising, evaluating, and improving that maintains and strengthens response capabilities.
- Full-Scale Exercise
- The most complex exercise type, involving real-time deployment of personnel and resources across multiple agencies to test plans under realistic conditions.
- Corrective Action Program
- A tracked process that converts exercise and real-event findings into assigned, time-bound improvement actions and validates their completion.
- Span of Control
- The number of subordinates a supervisor can effectively manage, typically three to seven with five as the target in the Incident Command System.
- Unified Command
- An Incident Command System structure in which multiple agencies with jurisdictional or functional authority jointly set objectives for a single incident.
- Incident Action Plan
- A written plan developed by the Planning Section for a defined operational period that states objectives, tactics, organization, and resources for the incident.
- Emergency Support Function 8
- The federal coordination structure that organizes public health, medical, and mental health assets and capabilities during a national response.
- Risk Formula
- A common risk-assessment expression in which risk equals threat multiplied by vulnerability multiplied by consequence, so reducing any factor lowers overall risk.
- THIRA
- The Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment process that identifies hazards, sets capability targets, and informs preparedness planning and grant priorities.
- Cascading Effects
- Secondary failures triggered by a primary hazard, such as loss of power causing generator failure and disruption of hospital operations.
- START Triage
- A mass casualty triage method that uses respirations, perfusion, and mental status to sort patients into immediate, delayed, minor, and deceased categories.
- SALT Triage
- A triage approach that globally sorts patients, assesses and applies lifesaving interventions, then assigns treatment and transport priorities.
- Surge Capacity Components
- The four elements of surge capacity are staff, supplies and equipment, physical space, and systems such as policies and processes.
- Crisis Standards of Care
- A framework activated when demand overwhelms resources that guides allocation decisions using published, consistent, and transparent criteria.
- Hot Zone
- The area of a hazardous materials incident with the highest contamination risk, requiring the highest level of personal protective equipment and limiting access.
- Ambulance Strike Team
- A standardized mutual-aid grouping of typically five ambulances with a leader that deploys as a unit under the Incident Command System.
- Casualty Collection Point
- A designated location outside the hazard area where patients are consolidated for secondary triage, treatment, and transport assignment.
- Hospital Command Center
- The physical location where the Hospital Incident Command System operates, requiring redundant communications, power, and access to incident information.
- Horizontal Evacuation
- Movement of patients to a safer area on the same floor, used before vertical or full-building evacuation when conditions permit.
- Nerve Agent Antidote
- Organophosphate poisoning is treated with atropine to counter muscarinic effects and pralidoxime to reactivate acetylcholinesterase, plus decontamination.
- Radiation Decontamination
- Removal of external contamination by removing clothing and washing with soap and water; internal contamination may require decorporation agents.
- Blast Injury Phases
- Primary injury from the blast wave, secondary from fragments, tertiary from displacement, and quaternary from burns, inhalation, and crush.
- Basic Reproduction Number
- The expected number of secondary cases generated by one index case in a fully susceptible population; a value above one predicts epidemic growth.
- Herd Immunity Threshold
- The proportion of a population that must be immune to interrupt transmission, calculated as one minus one divided by the basic reproduction number.
- Case Fatality Rate
- The number of deaths divided by the number of confirmed cases, used to estimate the severity of a disease rather than its transmissibility.
- Syndromic Surveillance
- Monitoring pre-diagnostic indicators such as emergency department chief complaints and pharmacy sales to detect outbreaks earlier than confirmed diagnoses.
- Psychological First Aid
- An evidence-informed approach providing safety, stabilization, connection, information, and linkage to services without pathologizing normal distress after a disaster.
- Behavioral Surge
- The delayed increase in demand for mental health and behavioral services after a disaster, often appearing weeks to months after the event.
- Stafford Act
- The federal law authorizing presidential disaster declarations and federal assistance programs including Public Assistance and Individual Assistance.
- After-Action Report
- A document that records strengths, areas for improvement, and corrective actions from an exercise or real event to drive improvement planning.
- EMTALA
- A federal law requiring hospitals to provide screening and stabilization for emergency conditions regardless of a patient's ability to pay.