AHLEI CRDE flashcards

35 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Occupancy percentage

Rooms sold divided by rooms available, multiplied by 100. Rooms available excludes out-of-order rooms but includes out-of-service rooms, so the ratio reflects sellable inventory.

Average daily rate

Room revenue divided by rooms sold. ADR measures the average price actually achieved per occupied room and excludes non-room revenue such as food and beverage.

RevPAR

Revenue per available room, calculated as room revenue divided by rooms available, or equivalently ADR times occupancy percentage. It combines rate and occupancy into one metric.

Double occupancy percentage

Guests minus rooms sold, divided by rooms sold, times 100. It shows the share of occupied rooms holding more than one guest and affects ancillary spending forecasts.

Out-of-order room

A room removed from sellable inventory because it needs repairs. Out-of-order rooms reduce rooms available, unlike out-of-service rooms, which remain in inventory.

Rooms division profit margin

The rooms department typically earns the highest profit margin in a hotel because it carries low variable cost per occupied room compared with food and beverage operations.

TRevPAR

Total revenue per available room, calculated as total hotel revenue divided by rooms available. It captures food, beverage, and ancillary revenue that RevPAR omits.

Room status codes

Standard abbreviations such as VR for vacant ready, VD for vacant dirty, OD for occupied dirty, and OOO for out of order, used to coordinate front office and housekeeping.

Guest ledger

The record of accounts for in-house guests. Charges post to individual folios, and balances transfer to the city ledger after checkout when billed to companies or cards.

City ledger

A subsidiary ledger holding accounts of departed guests and non-guest accounts billed to companies, travel agents, or credit cards rather than settled at checkout.

Night audit sequence

The end-of-day routine: post room and tax, balance departmental revenues, run a trial balance, roll the system date, and distribute management reports.

Overbooking allowance

The number of reservations accepted beyond capacity, estimated as expected no-shows plus expected early departures minus expected stayovers past their original departure date.

Rate fence

A restriction that qualifies a discounted rate, such as advance purchase, minimum length of stay, nonrefundability, or day-of-week limits, preventing high-rate guests from trading down.

Express check-out

A departure process where the folio is settled using a pre-authorized payment method and the key is returned, letting the guest leave without a front desk visit.

Walk-in registration

Registering a guest without a prior reservation. The agent verifies identity, quotes the current rate, obtains payment guarantee, and assigns an available ready room.

Room status discrepancy

A mismatch between housekeeping-reported room status and the front office system, such as a skip or sleep-out. It must be resolved before the room is released for sale.

Linen par stock

The inventory level needed to supply rooms through the laundry cycle. It equals average daily usage times order lead time plus safety stock, often three to five sets per room.

Stayover versus checkout cleaning

Stayover rooms require less cleaning time than checkout rooms because linens and deep cleaning are not fully reset, which drives productivity standards and staffing.

Lost-and-found log

A record capturing each found item, the date and room where it was found, the finder, and its disposition, retained according to a policy-defined period.

Room inspection checklist

A standardized list covering bed, bathroom, dust, amenities, and maintenance defects. Defects are routed to engineering through a work order before the room is released.

Safety data sheet access

Housekeeping chemicals require accessible safety data sheets, and bloodborne pathogen cleanup requires personal protective equipment; wet-floor signage is mandatory in public areas.

Preventive maintenance rotation

Scheduled deep cleaning and maintenance performed room by room on a rotating basis, reducing emergency repairs and preserving asset condition over time.

Booking pace

The volume of reservations on hand for a future date compared with the same point in prior periods, used to judge whether demand is running ahead or behind.

Displacement analysis

Comparing the total revenue a group brings, including rooms, food and beverage, and ancillary spend, against the transient revenue it displaces before acceptance.

GOPPAR

Gross operating profit per available room, calculated as gross operating profit divided by rooms available. It measures profitability rather than top-line revenue.

Forecast bias

A systematic tendency to over- or under-forecast demand. Bias differs from accuracy error because it persists in one direction across periods and distorts pricing decisions.

Best available rate

The lowest unrestricted public rate for a given date, forming the reference point for rate tiers and channel parity across distribution systems.

Length-of-stay control

A restriction requiring a minimum or maximum stay on high-demand dates, protecting inventory and spreading occupancy across peak periods.

Labor cost percentage

Total labor cost divided by revenue, multiplied by 100. It is monitored against budget and compared with hours per occupied room to separate wage from productivity effects.

Hours per occupied room

Labor hours divided by rooms occupied. This productivity metric isolates staffing efficiency from wage rate changes and is tracked by department.

Turnover rate

Separations divided by average headcount, multiplied by 100. Voluntary and involuntary separations are tracked separately because they signal different management issues.

Progressive discipline

A graduated sequence of documented steps, typically verbal warning, written warning, suspension, and termination, applied consistently to address performance or conduct problems.

Situational leadership

Matching leadership style, whether directing, coaching, supporting, or delegating, to the follower's readiness and competence for a specific task.

Full-time equivalent

Total weekly labor hours divided by standard full-time hours, usually 40. FTE standardizes staffing counts for budgeting and scheduling across part-time and full-time employees.

Exempt versus non-exempt

A classification determining overtime eligibility under wage law. Non-exempt employees receive overtime pay; exempt employees generally do not, based on duties and salary tests.