Arab Board OMFS Part 1 flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Foramen ovale

Opening in the sphenoid bone transmitting the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V3) and accessory meningeal artery.

Chorda tympani

Branch of the facial nerve carrying taste from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue; travels with the lingual nerve.

Warfarin mechanism

Inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase, reducing synthesis of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X; monitored by INR.

Ludwig's angina

Bilateral cellulitis of submandibular, sublingual, and submental spaces; airway management is the priority.

Le Fort I fracture

Horizontal fracture of the maxilla above the tooth apices, separating the maxilla from the pterygoid plates and nasal floor.

Le Fort II fracture

Pyramidal fracture extending through the nasal bridge, medial orbital walls, and infraorbital rims.

Le Fort III fracture

Craniofacial disjunction separating the facial skeleton from the cranial base through the nasofrontal and zygomaticofrontal sutures.

Champy technique

Single miniplate fixation along the superior border of the mandible for angle fractures, using monocortical screws.

Orbital blowout fracture

Fracture of the orbital floor with herniation of orbital contents; may cause diplopia and inferior rectus entrapment.

Lidocaine maximum dose

7 mg/kg with epinephrine (absolute cap often 500 mg); 2% solution contains 20 mg/mL.

Articaine maximum dose

7 mg/kg; 4% solution contains 40 mg/mL; contains a thiophene ring for increased lipid solubility.

Bupivacaine maximum dose

2 mg/kg (with epinephrine often up to 2.5-3 mg/kg); provides prolonged anesthesia.

Epinephrine 1:100,000

Concentration equal to 10 mcg/mL; causes vasoconstriction, prolongs anesthesia, and reduces bleeding.

LAST treatment

Local anesthetic systemic toxicity managed with airway support and lipid emulsion 1.5 mL/kg bolus.

Malignant hyperthermia

Hypermetabolic crisis triggered by succinylcholine and volatile anesthetics; treated with dantrolene.

Conscious sedation

Drug-induced state preserving protective reflexes and ability to respond to verbal commands.

SNA angle

Cephalometric angle measuring maxillary position relative to the cranial base; normal approximately 82 degrees.

SNB angle

Cephalometric angle measuring mandibular position relative to the cranial base; normal approximately 80 degrees.

ANB angle

Difference between SNA and SNB; normal approximately 2 degrees; indicates skeletal jaw relationship.

BSSO

Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy of the mandible; risks inferior alveolar nerve injury.

Distraction osteogenesis

Bone lengthening by gradual distraction after osteotomy; follows latency, distraction (~1 mm/day), and consolidation phases.

Cleft lip repair timing

Typically performed at 3-6 months of age; palate repair at 9-18 months to support speech.

Ante's law

Total root surface area of abutments should equal or exceed that of the replaced teeth in a fixed partial denture.

Ferrule effect

At least 1.5-2 mm of parallel dentin above the preparation margin improves resistance of post-retained restorations.

Peri-implantitis

Inflammatory disease around implants with progressive bone loss, unlike reversible peri-implant mucositis.

Sensitivity

Proportion of true positives among those with disease: true positives divided by true positives plus false negatives.

Specificity

Proportion of true negatives among those without disease: true negatives divided by true negatives plus false positives.

Number needed to treat

Reciprocal of the absolute risk reduction; number of patients treated to prevent one additional event.

Type I error

Rejecting a true null hypothesis; probability denoted by alpha, conventionally 0.05.

Type II error

Failing to reject a false null hypothesis; probability denoted by beta; power equals 1 minus beta.

Intention-to-treat analysis

Analysis including all randomized participants in their assigned groups, preserving randomization and reducing attrition bias.

Odontogenic keratocyst

Cyst with parakeratinized epithelium and palisaded basal layer; high recurrence; associated with PTCH1 mutation.