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SACE Stage 2 Latin (continuers) study materials
SACE Stage 2 Latin (continuers) study resources

SACE Stage 2 Latin (continuers) practice questions

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Question 1School assessment

Which case is used for the subject of a finite Latin verb?

  1. Accusative
  2. Genitive
  3. Ablative
  4. Nominative Correct answer.

Explanation

Finite verbs take a nominative subject, and the verb agrees with it in person and number. The other cases mark objects, possession or adverbial relations rather than the grammatical subject.

Question 2School assessment

What is the correct form of the present infinitive of 'capere'?

  1. capire
  2. capere Correct answer.
  3. captum
  4. caper

Explanation

Third conjugation verbs of the -io type form the infinitive with -ere added to the present stem, giving capere. The short -e- distinguishes it from second conjugation -ēre.

Question 3School assessment

In the sentence 'Puella donum amico dedit', what case and function is 'amico'?

  1. Ablative, means
  2. Dative, indirect object Correct answer.
  3. Genitive, possession
  4. Accusative, direct object

Explanation

Dedit is a verb of giving, which regularly takes a dative of the person receiving. Amico therefore marks the indirect object, while donum is the accusative direct object.

Question 4School assessment

Which Latin word is a third declension noun?

  1. puella
  2. templum
  3. rex Correct answer.
  4. dominus

Explanation

Rex, regis has a genitive singular in -is and an unpredictable stem, the marks of the third declension. The other options show the characteristic -i, -o or -a genitives of the first and second declensions.

Question 5School assessment

What does the imperfect tense 'portabat' express?

  1. Continued or habitual past action Correct answer.
  2. A future intention
  3. A single completed past action
  4. A completed action before another past action

Explanation

The imperfect describes ongoing, repeated or background past action, often translated 'was carrying' or 'used to carry'. It contrasts with the perfect, which presents a single completed event.

Question 6School assessment

Which translation best renders 'Milites ab hostibus victi sunt'?

  1. The soldiers were defeated by the enemies Correct answer.
  2. The soldiers defeated the enemies
  3. The soldiers had defeated the enemies
  4. The soldiers will be defeated by the enemies

Explanation

Victi sunt is a perfect passive indicative, and ab with the ablative marks the agent. The passive voice means the soldiers receive the action rather than perform it.

Question 7School assessment

What is the function of 'cum' in 'Cum Caesar venisset, milites arma ceperunt'?

  1. Adverb meaning 'whenever' modifying the verb
  2. Preposition governing the ablative
  3. Coordinating conjunction joining two main clauses
  4. Introducing a subordinate clause with a pluperfect subjunctive Correct answer.

Explanation

Cum with a pluperfect subjunctive forms a cum-clause expressing circumstance or cause. The subjunctive mood signals subordination rather than a simple time relationship.

Question 8School assessment

Which of these is a deponent verb?

  1. capio
  2. sequor Correct answer.
  3. amo
  4. moneo

Explanation

Sequor, sequi has passive endings but active meaning, the defining feature of a deponent verb. The other verbs are ordinary active verbs with active forms and meanings.

Question 9School assessment

In 'Imperator milites fortiter pugnare iussit', what construction follows 'iussit'?

  1. Indirect question
  2. Gerundive of obligation
  3. Ablative absolute
  4. Accusative and infinitive Correct answer.

Explanation

Iubere takes an accusative of the person ordered plus a complementary infinitive, here milites pugnare. This is the accusative-and-infinitive construction used with verbs of ordering.

Question 10School assessment

What is the correct dative singular of 'rex'?

  1. regi Correct answer.
  2. regem
  3. rege
  4. regis

Explanation

Third declension nouns take -i in the dative singular, giving regi. The other endings belong to the ablative, genitive and accusative respectively.

Question 11School assessment

Which sentence correctly uses a purpose clause?

  1. Caesar misit legatos ut pacem peterent Correct answer.
  2. Caesar misit legatos cum pax petita esset
  3. Caesar misit legatos quod pacem petebant
  4. Caesar misit legatos pacem petentes

Explanation

Ut with the imperfect subjunctive pete­rent expresses the purpose of sending envoys. The subjunctive is required because purpose clauses show intended rather than actual result.

Question 12School assessment

What does the gerundive in 'Carthago delenda est' convey?

  1. Reported speech
  2. Necessity or obligation Correct answer.
  3. Completed past action
  4. A condition contrary to fact

Explanation

The gerundive expresses obligation or necessity, so the phrase means Carthage must be destroyed. It is a passive verbal adjective agreeing with the noun.

Question 13School assessment

Which form is the perfect subjunctive active, third person singular, of 'amo'?

  1. amavit
  2. amaverit Correct answer.
  3. amabit
  4. amaret

Explanation

The perfect subjunctive is built from the perfect stem plus -eri- plus personal endings, giving amaverit. The indicative perfect amavit lacks the -eri- element.

Question 14School assessment

In 'His rebus cognitis, Caesar castra movit', what is the grammatical function of 'his rebus cognitis'?

  1. Genitive of value
  2. Accusative of respect
  3. Dative of reference
  4. Ablative absolute Correct answer.

Explanation

The phrase consists of a noun and participle in the ablative, grammatically independent of the main clause, which is the ablative absolute. It sets the circumstances for the main action.

Question 15School assessment

What is the meaning of 'ne' introducing 'Ne id feceris'?

  1. A negative command Correct answer.
  2. An indirect question
  3. A purpose clause
  4. A concessive clause

Explanation

Ne with the perfect subjunctive forms a negative prohibition, so the sentence means 'Do not do this'. The perfect subjunctive is standard for negative commands in classical prose.

Question 16School assessment

Which word is a present active participle of 'fero'?

  1. tulit
  2. ferre
  3. ferens Correct answer.
  4. latus

Explanation

The present active participle of fero is ferens, ferentis, formed from the present stem plus -ns. It declines like a third declension adjective.

Question 17School assessment

In 'Roma profectus, in Graeciam navigavit', what does the participle 'profectus' describe?

  1. An unstated companion
  2. The city of Rome
  3. The destination in Greece
  4. The subject of navigavit Correct answer.

Explanation

Profectus agrees with the implied subject of navigavit, indicating that the same person set out from Rome. Participles agree with a noun or pronoun in case, number and gender.

Question 18School assessment

What case does 'utor' govern?

  1. Accusative
  2. Dative
  3. Ablative Correct answer.
  4. Genitive

Explanation

Utor, uti, usus sum takes the ablative of the thing used, as in gladio uti. It belongs to the group of verbs with special case government.

Question 19School assessment

What is the correct comparative form of 'fortis'?

  1. fortis
  2. fortissimus
  3. fortiter
  4. fortior Correct answer.

Explanation

The comparative of a third declension adjective is formed with the suffix -ior, giving fortior. It declines as a third declension adjective.

Question 20School assessment

Which construction appears in 'Tanta erat virtus militum ut urbem caperent'?

  1. Fear clause
  2. Purpose clause
  3. Indirect command
  4. Result clause Correct answer.

Explanation

Tanta in the main clause signals a result, completed by ut with the subjunctive. Result clauses express an actual outcome, whereas purpose clauses express an intended one.

Question 21School assessment

In 'Dux dixit se urbem capturum esse', what does the accusative-and-infinitive express?

  1. Indirect question
  2. Indirect statement Correct answer.
  3. Condition
  4. Indirect command

Explanation

A verb of saying followed by the accusative se and the future infinitive capturum esse reports speech indirectly. The subject of the reported statement goes into the accusative and the verb into the infinitive.

Question 22School assessment

What is the difference between 'cum' with the indicative and 'cum' with the subjunctive?

  1. The indicative marks purpose, the subjunctive marks result
  2. The indicative marks time or circumstance as fact, the subjunctive marks circumstance or cause Correct answer.
  3. The indicative is negative, the subjunctive affirmative
  4. The indicative is used only in poetry, the subjunctive only in prose

Explanation

Cum with the indicative usually states a temporal fact, while cum with the subjunctive often expresses circumstance or cause. The mood therefore changes the logical relationship between the clauses.

Question 23School assessment

Which sentence contains a future less vivid condition?

  1. Si venias, laetus sim Correct answer.
  2. Si venit, laetus erit
  3. Si venisses, laetus fuissem
  4. Si venis, laetus sum

Explanation

A future less vivid condition uses the present subjunctive in both clauses, as in si venias, laetus sim. It presents the condition as a remote or hypothetical future possibility.

Question 24School assessment

What does the subjunctive in 'Rogavit quid faceremus' express?

  1. An indirect question Correct answer.
  2. A purpose clause
  3. A result clause
  4. A future condition

Explanation

Rogare plus an interrogative word and a subjunctive verb forms an indirect question. The subjunctive is required because the question is reported rather than asked directly.

Question 25School assessment

In 'Veritus ne hostes advenirent, portas clausit', what does the ne-clause express?

  1. A concession that something happens
  2. A purpose that something may happen
  3. A result that something happens
  4. A fear that something may happen Correct answer.

Explanation

Verbs of fearing take ne plus the subjunctive to express fear that something will happen. The subjunctive is required because the feared event is anticipated rather than asserted.

Question 26School assessment

Which form is the ablative singular of the noun 'manus' (hand)?

  1. manum
  2. manus
  3. manui
  4. manu Correct answer.

Explanation

'Manus' is a fourth-declension noun, and its ablative singular ends in a long -u, giving 'manu'. The identical-looking 'manus' is nominative, genitive, or plural forms, so case must be judged from context.

Question 27School assessment

In the sentence 'Puer librum legit', what case and function is 'librum'?

  1. Dative, indirect object
  2. Ablative, means or instrument
  3. Nominative, subject of 'legit'
  4. Accusative, direct object of 'legit' Correct answer.

Explanation

A transitive verb such as 'legit' takes an accusative for its direct object, and 'librum' is the accusative singular of 'liber'. The subject is 'puer', so 'librum' cannot be nominative here.

Question 28School assessment

Which Latin word means 'more bravely'?

  1. fortissime
  2. fortius Correct answer.
  3. fortiter
  4. fortis

Explanation

The comparative adverb of 'fortiter' is the neuter accusative singular of the comparative adjective, 'fortius', meaning 'more bravely'. Adverbs formed from adjectives use this neuter comparative form.

Question 29School assessment

What is the correct passive form of 'laudant' (they praise)?

  1. laudatur
  2. laudant
  3. laudantur Correct answer.
  4. laudabant

Explanation

The present passive of a third-person plural verb adds the ending -ntur to the present stem, giving 'laudantur', 'they are praised'. The active ending is -nt.

Question 30School assessment

Which of these nouns is feminine?

  1. ager
  2. virtus Correct answer.
  3. corpus
  4. templum

Explanation

Nouns ending in -tus in the third declension, such as 'virtus, virtutis', are regularly feminine. This reflects the general pattern that abstract nouns in -tas and -tus are feminine.

Question 31School assessment

In 'Caesar in Galliam contendit', what does the preposition 'in' with the accusative express?

  1. Position in a place
  2. Time within which
  3. Motion into a place Correct answer.
  4. Agent of a passive verb

Explanation

With the accusative, 'in' expresses motion towards or into a place, here 'into Gaul'. With the ablative it would express position, 'in Gaul'.

Question 32School assessment

Which form is the future active infinitive of 'venire' (to come)?

  1. venisse
  2. venire
  3. ventum iri
  4. venturum esse Correct answer.

Explanation

The future active infinitive is formed from the future active participle plus 'esse', giving 'venturum esse', 'to be about to come'. It appears in indirect statement to express future time.

Question 33School assessment

In 'Fratres inter se contenderunt', what does 'inter se' mean?

  1. Between two others
  2. During the contest
  3. Against himself
  4. Among themselves Correct answer.

Explanation

'Inter' with the accusative means 'among' or 'between', and the reflexive 'se' refers back to the subject 'fratres'. Together they mean 'among themselves'.

Question 34School assessment

What is the correct genitive singular of 'civis' (citizen)?

  1. civis Correct answer.
  2. cive
  3. civem
  4. civi

Explanation

'Civis' is an i-stem third-declension noun whose genitive singular is also 'civis'. The genitive is what identifies the declension, so it must be learned with the nominative.

Question 35School assessment

Which sentence uses an ablative absolute?

  1. Urbs a militibus capta est.
  2. Milites urbem ceperunt.
  3. Milites, qui urbem ceperunt, discesserunt.
  4. Urbe capta, milites discesserunt. Correct answer.

Explanation

An ablative absolute consists of a noun or pronoun in the ablative with a participle in the ablative, grammatically independent of the main clause: 'urbe capta', 'the city having been captured'. The subject of the main clause is different from the noun in the phrase.

Question 36School assessment

What does the gerundive in 'Ad urbem capiendam milites missi sunt' express?

  1. Concession, 'although the city was captured'
  2. Purpose, 'for the purpose of capturing the city' Correct answer.
  3. Obligation, 'the city must be captured'
  4. Result, 'so that the city was captured'

Explanation

After 'ad', the gerundive agreeing with a noun expresses purpose, literally 'for the city to be captured', best rendered 'to capture the city'. The gerundive of obligation appears with 'esse' as a predicate.

Question 37School assessment

In 'Tantus timor erat ut nemo maneret', what does the 'ut' clause express?

  1. Fear
  2. Result Correct answer.
  3. Purpose
  4. Indirect command

Explanation

A result clause follows a correlative such as 'tantus', 'talis', or 'ita' and takes a subjunctive introduced by 'ut'. Here the magnitude of the fear produces the result that nobody stayed.

Question 38School assessment

Which form is the imperfect subjunctive active, first person singular, of 'porto'?

  1. portaverim
  2. portarem Correct answer.
  3. portarer
  4. portem

Explanation

The imperfect subjunctive is formed by adding the personal endings to the present infinitive, so 'portare' plus -m gives 'portarem'. The same pattern applies to every conjugation.

Question 39School assessment

In 'Hostes flumen transierunt', what is the case and function of 'flumen'?

  1. Ablative, place from which
  2. Genitive, possessive
  3. Accusative, direct object of 'transierunt' Correct answer.
  4. Nominative, subject of the verb

Explanation

'Transeo' is a compound of 'eo' that takes a direct object in the accusative, meaning 'to cross over'. Thus 'flumen' is the accusative object, 'they crossed the river'.

Question 40School assessment

What does 'quominus' introduce in 'Nihil obstat quominus venias'?

  1. A temporal clause
  2. A purpose clause after a verb of motion
  3. A conditional clause
  4. A clause of prevention after a verb of hindering Correct answer.

Explanation

Verbs of hindering or preventing such as 'obsto' or 'impedio' take 'quominus' with the subjunctive, meaning 'so that ... not'. Here it means 'nothing prevents you from coming'.

Question 41School assessment

In 'Dixit se regem esse', what does the accusative-and-infinitive express?

  1. That he wanted to be king
  2. That he himself was king Correct answer.
  3. That the king existed
  4. That the king had spoken

Explanation

After a verb of saying, the accusative-and-infinitive expresses indirect statement; the reflexive 'se' refers back to the subject of 'dixit'. The tense of the infinitive is present, so the statement is contemporaneous: 'he said that he was king'.

Question 42School assessment

Which word is a future passive participle (gerundive) of 'moneo'?

  1. monitus
  2. monendus Correct answer.
  3. moniturus
  4. monens

Explanation

The gerundive is formed from the present stem plus -ndus, -nda, -ndum, giving 'monendus'. It carries the sense of obligation or necessity when used predicatively with 'esse'.

Question 43School assessment

In 'Si venisset, gavisus esset', what type of conditional is this?

  1. Future more vivid
  2. Present simple
  3. Future less vivid
  4. Past contrary-to-fact Correct answer.

Explanation

Both clauses use the pluperfect subjunctive ('venisset') and the pluperfect subjunctive of 'gaudeo' ('gavisus esset'), which marks a past condition contrary to fact. The implication is that he did not come and therefore did not rejoice.

Question 44School assessment

In 'Mihi persuasit ut manerem', what construction follows 'persuasit'?

  1. An indirect question
  2. A result clause
  3. A purpose clause
  4. An indirect command with 'ut' and the subjunctive Correct answer.

Explanation

'Persuadeo' takes a dative of the person persuaded and, when the command is positive, 'ut' with the subjunctive. This is an indirect command, 'he persuaded me to stay'.

Question 45School assessment

What is the meaning of the gerund in 'Ars bene vivendi difficilis est'?

  1. By living well, art is difficult
  2. Living well has been achieved
  3. The art of living well is difficult Correct answer.
  4. The art must be lived well

Explanation

The gerund is a verbal noun, and here 'vivendi' is its genitive singular, depending on 'ars': 'the art of living'. The gerund supplies the oblique cases that the infinitive cannot.

Question 46School assessment

Which sentence correctly expresses a wish for the present using the subjunctive?

  1. Si ades, gaudeo.
  2. Utinam adfuisses!
  3. Utinam nunc adesses! Correct answer.
  4. Ades nunc!

Explanation

Wishes for the present are introduced by 'utinam' with the present subjunctive, as in 'utinam adesses', 'if only you were here now'. The imperfect subjunctive marks an unreal present wish.

Question 47School assessment

In 'Imperator, signo dato, signum proeli committendi dedit', what is the function of 'proeli committendi'?

  1. Accusative object of 'dedit'
  2. Dative of purpose with 'signum'
  3. Ablative absolute with 'signo'
  4. Genitive gerundive depending on 'signum', 'the signal for joining battle' Correct answer.

Explanation

'Signum' can take a genitive of the thing signalled, and the gerundive 'proeli committendi' agrees with 'proeli' in the genitive, meaning 'of joining battle'. The phrase therefore means 'the signal for joining battle'.

Question 48School assessment

In 'Non dubito quin verum dixeris', what does 'quin' introduce and why is the subjunctive used?

  1. A purpose clause expressing the aim of doubting
  2. A clause of doubting after a negative expression, with the subjunctive because 'quin' itself carries the negative Correct answer.
  3. An indirect question requiring the indicative
  4. A result clause signalled by 'non'

Explanation

After expressions of doubt or hindrance that are negated, 'quin' introduces a subjunctive clause meaning 'that ... not', since 'quin' already contains the negative idea. Here it means 'I do not doubt that you have spoken the truth'.

Question 49School assessment

In 'Quae cum ita sint, tamen proficiscar', what is the force of the subjunctive 'sint'?

  1. An indirect question introduced by 'quae'
  2. Concessive 'cum' clause in the subjunctive, 'although these things are so' Correct answer.
  3. Causal 'cum' with the indicative
  4. Temporal 'cum' with the indicative

Explanation

'Cum' with the subjunctive can be concessive, and the presence of 'tamen' in the main clause confirms the concessive sense, 'although these things are so'. Temporal 'cum' in the present would normally take the indicative.

Question 50School assessment

Identify the construction in 'Caesar pontem faciendum curavit'.

  1. An indirect statement with 'facere'
  2. An ablative absolute with 'ponte'
  3. A passive periphrastic expressing obligation
  4. A gerundive with 'curavit' expressing that Caesar had the bridge built Correct answer.

Explanation

Verbs such as 'curo' take a gerundive agreeing with the object to express having something done, 'he had the bridge built'. The gerundive here is predicative and agrees with 'pontem' in the accusative.