Bulgaria Theory Test AM flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Rule of the right

At an unregulated intersection in Bulgaria, the vehicle approaching from the right has priority. This default applies only when no signs, markings or signals give a different order of priority.

Urban speed limit

Inside built-up areas the general limit is 50 km/h unless signs specify otherwise. Higher limits apply only where explicitly posted, and lower limits apply near schools and hazards.

Two-second rule

Maintain at least a two-second gap behind the vehicle ahead in dry conditions. In rain, fog or on slippery surfaces, double the gap to about four seconds to allow for longer stopping.

Overtaking side

In Bulgaria traffic keeps to the right, so overtaking is normally done on the left. Overtaking on the right is permitted only in specific situations such as when the vehicle ahead is turning left.

Child restraint requirement

Children shorter than 150 cm must travel in an appropriate child restraint system suited to their height and weight. Seat belts are mandatory for all occupants where fitted.

Warning sign shape

Triangular signs with a red border are warning signs that alert drivers to hazards ahead. They do not themselves impose a prohibition; they indicate a danger requiring caution or speed reduction.

Prohibition sign shape

Circular signs with a red border state prohibitions, such as no entry, speed limits or no overtaking. Blue circular signs instead give mandatory instructions such as a required direction.

Solid white line

A continuous white centre line must not be crossed or straddled. A broken line may be crossed when it is safe and when overtaking or turning requires it.

Stop sign rule

The octagonal stop sign requires a complete stop at the stop line, even if the road appears clear. The driver must then give way to traffic on the priority road.

Amber traffic light

A steady amber light means stop unless stopping safely is impossible. Flashing amber means proceed with caution, typically at a crossing or a signal that is out of service.

Controller overrides signals

Directions given by a police officer or traffic controller override traffic lights, priority signs and road markings. Drivers must follow the controller's signals immediately.

Stopping distance formula

Total stopping distance equals reaction distance plus braking distance. Braking distance increases with the square of speed, so doubling speed roughly quadruples the braking distance.

Aquaplaning response

Aquaplaning occurs when water lifts the tyres off the road, usually at higher speeds. Ease off the throttle, keep the steering steady and avoid sudden braking until grip returns.

Rear fog lamp use

Rear fog lamps may be used only when visibility is seriously reduced, roughly below 50 metres. Using them in light rain or mist dazzles following drivers and masks brake lights.

Blind spot check

Mirrors do not cover all areas around a vehicle. Before changing lanes, glance over the shoulder to check the blind spot, especially for cyclists and mopeds filtering alongside.

Ice riding technique

On ice, all inputs must be smooth and gentle. Use engine braking and light, progressive braking, avoid sharp steering, and increase the following distance well beyond the normal gap.

Moped tyre tread depth

Moped tyres must have a minimum tread depth of 1 mm. Tyres must also be free of cuts, bulges and exposed cords, and inflated to the manufacturer's specified pressure.

Moped lighting equipment

A moped must have a white front light, a red rear light and a red rear reflector. A red stop lamp and a rear registration plate lamp are required where fitted.

Moped definition limits

A two-wheel moped has an engine up to 50 cc and a design speed not exceeding 45 km/h. Electric mopeds are limited to about 4 kW of rated power.

Brake lever check

A spongy or excessive brake lever travel indicates air or a leak in the hydraulic system. The brake must be inspected and repaired before the vehicle is used on the road.

Helmet condition rule

A helmet must fit correctly, be fastened before riding and show no damage. A helmet that has absorbed an impact in a crash should be replaced rather than reused.

Emergency number 112

The single European emergency number is 112. At an accident scene, secure the area first, then call 112 and state the exact location, number of casualties and visible injuries.

Recovery position

An unconscious casualty who is breathing is placed on their side in the recovery position. This keeps the airway open and prevents the tongue or vomit from blocking breathing.

Severe bleeding control

Severe bleeding is controlled by firm direct pressure on the wound with a clean dressing or cloth. Do not remove an object embedded in the wound; press around it instead.

CPR compression rate

If breathing has stopped, start chest compressions at about 100 to 120 per minute, pressing 5 to 6 cm deep. Use an automated external defibrillator as soon as one is available.

AM category scope

AM category covers two-wheel mopeds up to 50 cc and 45 km/h, and light quadricycles up to 425 kg with a maximum speed of 45 km/h. Minimum age is 16.

Moped road position

Mopeds must ride as far to the right of the carriageway as is practicable. Exceptions apply when turning left, overtaking, or avoiding obstacles in the lane.

Motorway exclusion

Mopeds and light quadricycles are prohibited from motorways because their maximum speed is too low. Signs banning slow vehicles also exclude them from certain other roads.

Carrying a passenger

A moped may carry a passenger only if it has a proper passenger seat and footrests and the rider is licensed for it. The passenger must wear a fastened helmet.

Smooth acceleration benefit

Gentle acceleration and early upshifting reduce fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. Anticipating traffic and avoiding hard braking also lowers fuel use and brake wear.

Compulsory insurance

Compulsory third-party liability insurance must be in force before a moped is used on public roads. Riding without valid insurance is an offence and may lead to vehicle seizure.

Documents to carry

A moped rider must be able to present a valid AM licence, the vehicle registration certificate and proof of valid compulsory insurance when checked by police.