Air Law and Regulations (RBAC)
What you must know
Brazilian civil aviation is governed by the Regulamento Brasileiro da Aviação Civil (RBAC), issued by ANAC under Lei 7.565 (Código Brasileiro de Aeronáutica). Learn the hierarchy: the CBA is law, RBACs are regulations, and IS (Instruções Suplementares) and AC-like guidance explain compliance. Candidates must know the RBAC 61 licensing structure (PPR, PC, PLA, PPL, CPL, ATPL), recency and medical certificate rules, RBAC 91 operating rules, RBAC 135 for commercial operations, and rules of the air (VFR/IFR minimums, right-of-way, light signals, altimeter settings and the transition altitude of 3000 ft in Brazil with QNE above).
Traps
Questions love to test: the difference between validity of a medical certificate and of a licence; whether a rating expires or the privileges lapse; VFR minimum visibility and cloud distance in controlled vs uncontrolled airspace; and priority of emergency vs right-of-way rules. Another classic is confusing the Brazilian transition altitude with foreign values, or assuming the CBA is the same as an RBAC.
Worked example
A pilot holds a PPL with a valid class 2 medical. The licence itself does not expire, but privileges are exercised only with valid medical and recency. If the medical lapses, the pilot may not act as PIC; the correct answer is not "licence invalid" but "privileges suspended until medical renewal".
Rule of thumb
Ask: is this a rule of law (CBA), a regulation (RBAC), or guidance? Then ask who is responsible - always the PIC.