Belarus GAI Theory D flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Documents a driver must carry

A driver must carry a valid driving licence of the correct category, a vehicle registration certificate, and proof of compulsory civil liability insurance, and must present them when requested by GAI officers.

Duties after a traffic accident

The driver must stop immediately, switch on hazard lights, display the warning triangle, avoid moving the vehicle if anyone is injured, call emergency services, and remain at the scene.

Refusal of medical examination

Refusing to undergo the medical examination for intoxication carries the same administrative liability as confirmed intoxication, including a heavy fine and deprivation of the driving licence.

Warning sign placement distances

Warning signs are triangular with red borders and are placed 50 to 100 metres before the hazard in built-up areas and 150 to 300 metres outside them, unless a plate states otherwise.

STOP sign obligation

The octagonal STOP sign requires a complete halt before the stop line, or before the sign if no line exists, after which the driver must yield to traffic on the priority road.

Temporary yellow signs

Signs on a yellow background are temporary and take precedence over permanent signs of the same meaning; where a temporary sign conflicts with road markings, the sign is followed.

Solid and broken centre lines

A solid white centre line may not be crossed; a broken line may be crossed when safe. Where solid and broken lines are combined, crossing is permitted only from the broken side.

Hatched island markings

Diagonal white stripes bordered by a solid line mark an area that must not be entered or stopped on, except when a lane change already begun safely requires passing over it.

Bus stop markings

A yellow zigzag or a marked bay designates a bus stop; other vehicles must not stop or park within the marked area because it obstructs route vehicles and boarding passengers.

Yellow signal meaning

A yellow signal prohibits movement, except when the driver cannot stop without harsh braking. A flashing yellow indicates an uncontrolled junction or a pedestrian crossing ahead.

Signalman with raised baton

A raised baton or hand means stop for all directions. Drivers must halt before the stop line or before the regulator, regardless of the traffic signal colour showing.

Signalman facing the driver

When the regulator's chest or back faces the driver, movement is prohibited. A right arm extended forward permits traffic to proceed to the right of the regulator.

Right-hand priority rule

At an intersection of equal roads, the driver must yield to vehicles approaching from the right. This rule applies when no signs or signals establish a different priority.

Left turn right-of-way

When turning left the driver must yield to oncoming vehicles travelling straight ahead or turning right, and must also yield to pedestrians crossing the road being entered.

Roundabout entry rule

In Belarus a driver entering a roundabout must yield to vehicles already circulating on it, unless signs or markings indicate a different order of passage.

General speed limits

Unless signs state otherwise, the maximum speed is 60 km/h in built-up areas, 90 km/h outside built-up areas, and 110 km/h on motorways.

Two-second following rule

A safe following distance equals at least the distance travelled in about two seconds. In rain, ice, fog, or darkness the gap must be increased further.

Where overtaking is prohibited

Overtaking is prohibited at pedestrian crossings, at railway crossings and within 100 metres before them, on bridges, in tunnels, and where a solid line or no-overtaking sign applies.

Stopping near bus stops

Stopping is prohibited within 15 metres of marked bus stops and taxi ranks, and within 50 metres of railway crossings, because visibility and route vehicle access are affected.

Parking near pedestrian crossings

Parking is prohibited within 3 metres of a pedestrian crossing and within 5 metres before it, since a stopped vehicle there hides pedestrians from approaching drivers.

Parking on a gradient

When parking on a descent or ascent the driver must apply the parking brake and turn the wheels toward the kerb, using a chock on steep grades to prevent rolling.

Red flashing crossing signal

A red flashing signal, a closed or closing barrier, or a signalman's stop signal requires a complete halt before the stop line, at least five metres from the rails.

Vehicle stalls on a crossing

The driver must immediately unload passengers, move them away from the tracks, signal the approaching train by any available means, and call emergency services.

Driving in fog or heavy rain

The driver must reduce speed, use dipped headlights or fog lights, and increase the following distance, since visibility is shortened and the road surface may be slippery.

Tyres and tread depth

Passenger car tyres must have a tread depth of at least 1.6 millimetres and be free of cuts, bulges, and exposed cord; mixing different tyre sizes on one axle is prohibited.

Obligatory vehicle equipment

A vehicle must carry a warning triangle, a first-aid kit, a fire extinguisher, and a reflective vest for use outside built-up areas at night or in poor visibility.

Severe bleeding first aid

Apply direct pressure with a sterile dressing; if bleeding continues, apply a tourniquet above the wound and record the application time for the medical team.

Driving while intoxicated

Driving under the influence, or refusing the medical examination, carries a heavy fine, deprivation of the licence for a fixed period, and possible confiscation of the vehicle.

Leaving the accident scene

Leaving the scene of an accident in which the driver was involved is an administrative offence and may become a criminal matter if injury or death resulted.

Penalty points accumulation

Penalty points recorded by the GAI accumulate on the driver's record; exceeding the permitted total within the established period can lead to deprivation of the driving licence.

Category D scope

Category D covers vehicles designed to carry more than eight passengers in addition to the driver. A bus towing a trailer requires category D plus category E.

Bus departure checks

Before departure the bus driver must verify brakes, lights, doors, fire extinguisher, first-aid kit, and technical condition, and confirm passenger numbers do not exceed capacity.