Fachapotheker/in FPH Spital flashcards

31 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

HMG

Heilmittelgesetz (SR 812.21), the Swiss federal law governing authorisation, manufacture, import, export, distribution and advertising of medicinal products, enforced by Swissmedic and cantonal authorities.

BetmVV-EDI

Swiss ordinance (SR 812.212.22) on narcotics handling: prescriptions valid 30 days, written form, quantity in numbers and words, locked storage, and a narcotics register with running balance.

Hospital formulary governance

A defined process where clinicians apply for a drug, pharmacy or a drug committee evaluates efficacy, safety and cost, and the committee approves, restricts or rejects it, with periodic review.

Abgabekategorie

Swiss dispensing category: A (prescription, one-time), B (prescription, pharmacy advice), C (pharmacy advice, no prescription), D (drugstore), E (general retail). Hospitals mostly handle A, B and narcotics.

Best Possible Medication History

A structured medication history built from at least two sources, typically a patient or carer interview plus an objective source such as a community pharmacy record or GP letter.

Medication reconciliation

Comparing a patient's pre-admission medication list with the hospital order at admission and discharge, classifying discrepancies as omission, duplication, dose error or interaction, and resolving them with the prescriber.

Structured drug therapy review

A systematic check of indication, effectiveness, safety, adherence and interactions, followed by a documented recommendation to the prescriber with an explicit priority level.

Discharge medication counselling

Counselling covering indication, dose, timing, duration, missed doses and contact persons, with a written medication plan and information passed to the community pharmacy or GP.

CURB-65

Pneumonia severity score: confusion, urea above 7 mmol/L, respiratory rate 30/min or more, blood pressure below 90/60 mmHg, and age 65 or older; it guides the site of care.

HFrEF four pillars

For heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: ACE inhibitor, ARB or ARNI; beta-blocker; mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; and SGLT2 inhibitor, each titrated to target or maximum tolerated dose.

CHA2DS2-VASc

Stroke risk score in atrial fibrillation that guides anticoagulation; when a DOAC is chosen, dose-reduction criteria based on age, weight and renal function must be verified.

STOPP/START criteria

Explicit geriatric tools: STOPP lists potentially inappropriate medications to stop, START lists indicated medications commonly omitted in older adults; both are applied in medication review.

ISO 5 critical zone

The cleanest air quality class at the aseptic compounding site, with an ISO 7 background for sterile processing, verified by particle counts and pressure differentials.

Beyond-use date

The assigned expiry for a compounded preparation, based on preparation risk category, storage conditions and stability data, and never exceeding pharmacopoeial or validated limits.

Compounding batch record

Documentation of formula, batch size, ingredient lots, weighing, equipment, operator, in-process controls and final release by a qualified person, enabling traceability and audit.

Equipment qualification IQ/OQ/PQ

Installation, operational and performance qualification: documented proof that equipment is correctly installed, functions as specified, and performs reproducibly in routine use under GMP.

FEFO

First expired, first out: stock rotation rule in which products with the earliest expiry date are distributed first, reducing waste and preventing use of expired medicines.

Automated dispensing cabinet

A controlled-access storage and dispensing device requiring user authentication, inventory reconciliation and auditing of overrides, often used for unit-dose and floor-stock distribution.

Cold chain excursion

A deviation of storage temperature outside the labelled range; it is assessed against stability data, documented, and managed with quarantine until a release decision is made.

Narcotics register

A locked, continuously updated record of controlled substance receipt, dispensing and balance, with witnessed destruction of waste and reporting of discrepancies to Swissmedic.

WHO-UMC causality scale

A standard tool classifying an adverse drug reaction as certain, probable, possible, unlikely, conditional or unassessable, based on temporal relationship, dechallenge and alternative causes.

High-alert medications

Drugs with a high risk of serious harm when misused, such as insulin, anticoagulants, opioids, concentrated electrolytes and chemotherapy; they require double checks and standard concentrations.

Tall-man lettering

A labelling strategy that uses uppercase letters within look-alike or sound-alike drug names to reduce selection errors, combined with physical separation and barcode verification.

Just culture

An approach to medication errors that distinguishes system failures from reckless individual behaviour, encouraging reporting while preserving accountability for intentional or grossly negligent acts.

Cockcroft-Gault equation

Estimated creatinine clearance: (140 minus age) times weight divided by 72 times serum creatinine, multiplied by 0.85 for women; used to adjust renal drug dosing.

Loading dose

The initial dose calculated as volume of distribution times target concentration divided by bioavailability, used to reach therapeutic concentration rapidly before steady state is achieved.

Vancomycin AUC monitoring

Dose guidance targeting AUC/MIC of 400 to 600, preferred over trough-only monitoring because it better balances efficacy against nephrotoxicity; sampling timing depends on the interval.

Number needed to treat

The reciprocal of the absolute risk reduction; it expresses how many patients must be treated for one additional patient to benefit over the study period.

Intention-to-treat analysis

Analysis of all randomised participants in their assigned groups regardless of adherence or withdrawal, preserving the benefits of randomisation and giving a conservative estimate of effect.

SBAR communication

A structured handover format: situation, background, assessment, recommendation; it standardises interprofessional communication and reduces omissions during transfers of care.

SMART goals

Objectives that are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound, with progress reviewed at defined intervals to support team performance management.