Registered Environmental Protection Engineer flashcards

37 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

按日计罚

China's Environmental Protection Law allows daily continuous fines for persistent violations; the penalty accrues each day the violation continues after a correction order, calculated from the original fine base.

Pollutant discharge permit

A legal document issued under the 2021 Regulations authorizing a facility to discharge specified pollutants at defined points, concentrations, and total quantities; it is the sole legal basis for discharge.

Three simultaneous rule

The 三同时 requirement that pollution control facilities be designed, constructed, and put into operation simultaneously with the main construction project, verified before commissioning.

Hazardous waste manifest

A mandatory transfer document (转移联单) tracking hazardous waste from generator through licensed transporter to disposal facility; records must be retained for at least five years.

Drinking water source zones

First-grade protection zones prohibit discharge and new construction; second-grade zones restrict discharge and require treatment, safeguarding drinking water intakes under the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law.

Sludge volume index

SVI = (SV30 × 1000) / MLSS in mL/g; values of 80-150 indicate good settling, while values above 200 indicate filamentous bulking and poor sludge settleability.

Food-to-microorganism ratio

F/M = Q·S0 / (V·X), the mass of BOD5 applied per mass of MLSS per day; conventional activated sludge operates at 0.2-0.4 kg BOD5/(kg MLSS·d).

Solids retention time

SRT = (V·X) / (Qw·Xr + Qe·Xe); it controls nitrifier population and must exceed 10-15 days at 15 °C for reliable nitrification in A/O processes.

Monod equation

μ = μmax·S/(Ks + S) relates specific microbial growth rate to substrate concentration, where Ks is the half-saturation constant at which μ equals half of μmax.

GB 18918 Class 1-A

China's municipal wastewater discharge standard limits COD to 50 mg/L, BOD5 to 10 mg/L, SS to 10 mg/L, NH3-N to 5 mg/L, and TP to 0.5 mg/L.

Deutsch-Anderson equation

ESP collection efficiency η = 1 - exp(-A·ω/Q), where A is total plate area, ω is particle migration velocity, and Q is gas flow rate; efficiency rises with larger area and higher ω.

Air-to-cloth ratio

The ratio of gas volumetric flow to filter cloth area in a baghouse, typically 0.6-1.2 m/min for pulse-jet cleaning; higher ratios increase pressure drop and reduce bag life.

SCR NOx reaction

Selective catalytic reduction uses NH3 over V2O5/TiO2 at 300-400 °C: 4NO + 4NH3 + O2 → 4N2 + 6H2O, with a near 1:1 molar NH3 to NO ratio.

Gaussian plume model

Predicts downwind concentration C = Q/(2π·u·σy·σz)·exp(-y²/2σy²)·[exp(-(z-H)²/2σz²) + exp(-(z+H)²/2σz²)], with H as effective stack height.

AQI emergency threshold

Under HJ 633-2012, an Air Quality Index above 200 indicates heavy pollution and triggers mandatory emergency response measures such as production restrictions and traffic controls.

Cyclone cut diameter

The particle size collected with 50% efficiency; it decreases with smaller cyclone diameter and higher inlet velocity, improving fine particulate capture.

3T incineration principle

Complete combustion requires Temperature (≥850 °C municipal, ≥1100 °C hazardous waste), Time (≥2 s residence), and Turbulence, plus adequate excess air.

Dioxin emission limit

GB 18484-2020 and GB 18485-2014 limit dioxin emissions from hazardous and municipal waste incinerators to 0.1 ng TEQ/Nm³ at 11% O2 reference conditions.

Landfill composite liner

A barrier system combining an HDPE geomembrane with compacted clay and a leachate collection layer, designed to limit contaminant migration from sanitary landfills.

Composting C:N ratio

Optimal composting requires a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of 25-35:1, moisture of 50-60%, and thermophilic temperatures of 55-65 °C for pathogen destruction.

Hazardous waste identification

Determined by the National Hazardous Waste List (2021) or by GB 5085.1-GB 5085.7 tests for corrosivity, toxicity, flammability, reactivity, and infectivity.

EIA classification catalogue

China's 建设项目环境影响评价分类管理名录 assigns projects to report (报告书), form (报告表), or registration (登记表) categories based on potential environmental impact severity.

Strategic environmental assessment

Plan-level assessment (规划环境影响评价) required for industry, energy, water, transport, and urban plans; it precedes and informs project-level EIA decisions.

Leopold matrix

An impact identification tool that crosses project actions with environmental components; each cell is scored for magnitude and importance to reveal significant interactions.

Public participation requirement

Report-level EIA projects must conduct public participation under the 公众参与办法, including two public notices and solicitation of opinions from affected residents.

Method detection limit

MDL = t(n-1, 0.99) × S, calculated from the standard deviation of at least seven replicate low-level spikes; it is the minimum concentration distinguishable from zero.

Sample preservation

Metals samples are acidified to pH < 2 with HNO3; BOD must be analyzed within 24 h and COD within 48 h at 4 °C to prevent biodegradation and volatilization losses.

Duplicate RPD

Relative percent difference = |C1 - C2| / ((C1 + C2)/2) × 100%; acceptance is typically ≤ 20% for water and ≤ 30% for soil samples.

Matrix spike recovery

Percent recovery = (Cspiked - Cnative) / Cadded × 100%; acceptance windows are typically 75-125% depending on analyte, matrix, and method.

Darcy's law

Groundwater discharge Q = K·i·A, where K is hydraulic conductivity, i is hydraulic gradient, and A is cross-sectional area; it underpins contaminant transport and pump-and-treat design.

Retardation factor

R = 1 + (ρb/θ)·Kd; it quantifies how sorption slows contaminant migration relative to groundwater seepage velocity, with higher R meaning slower transport.

GB 36600-2018

China's soil environmental quality standard for construction land sets risk screening and intervention values, distinguishing first-class (residential, school) from second-class (industrial) land use.

In-situ chemical oxidation

ISCO injects oxidants such as permanganate or persulfate to destroy contaminants in place; design requires oxidant demand testing and consideration of rebound and byproduct formation.

LAeq,T

The equivalent continuous A-weighted sound level over period T: LAeq,T = 10·log10[(1/T)·∫10^(LA/10)dt], the standard metric for environmental noise assessment.

Point source distance attenuation

For a point source in free field, Lp2 = Lp1 - 20·log10(r2/r1), giving a 6 dB decrease per doubling of distance from the source.

GB 3096-2008 limits

Acoustic environment quality standard: Category 1 residential 55/45 dB(A), Category 2 mixed 60/50, Category 3 industrial 65/55, Category 4 traffic 70/55 for day/night.

Sound level addition

Incoherent levels add logarithmically: L_total = 10·log10(Σ10^(Li/10)); two equal sources add 3 dB and ten equal sources add 10 dB.