Pathology Technology Series (China) cheat sheet

Use normal architecture and orientation as the comparison.

Distinguish metaplasia, injury and malignancy.

Granulation tissue and granuloma are different patterns.

Technical preparation supports qualified diagnosis and does not replace it.

Choose preservation for the tissue and downstream question.

Penetration does not mean complete fixation.

Record important preanalytical conditions before irreversible processing.

Decalcification choices trade speed and downstream preservation.

Understand the role of each reagent transition.

Investigate water carryover and reagent exhaustion systematically.

Use tissue- and equipment-appropriate validated schedules.

Orient material for the diagnostic relationship and preserve identification.

Optimize section quality for the actual observation.

Treat artifacts as clues with several possible causes.

Avoid excessive trimming and maintain slide-block identity.

Cytology and frozen preparations need method-specific preservation and safety.

Select the stain to answer a specific question.

Distinguish staining, differentiation and bluing.

Use suitable positive and differential controls.

Interpret reaction products with morphology, optics and method limitations.

Treat IHC as a complete validated assay, not antibody color alone.

Retrieval and mounting conditions are marker- and chemistry-specific.

Biotin-free detection removes one mechanism, not every background source.

Use panels, localization, controls and sample-quality evidence.

Quality spans preanalytical, analytical and postanalytical work.

A QC pattern triggers investigation and does not prove one unique cause.

Distinguish calibration, validation, internal control and external assessment.

Use risk-based safety procedures and preserve a traceable record.