Inspection Records, Reports, and Defect Disposition
This domain tests the paperwork chain that makes an inspection legally usable: how records are made, how reports are worded, and how a defect travels from observation to closure.
Original records
Records are completed on site, at the time of the measurement - never reconstructed afterwards. Corrections are made by single-line strike-through with the correct value, the inspector's signature and the date; overwriting and erasure are prohibited. Each record carries equipment identification, inspection basis (TSG and standards cited), instruments used with calibration status, environmental conditions, measured data, personnel and date. Records and reports are retained for not less than 6 years.
The report
A valid report states: inspection category (supervisory or periodic), basis, scope and items, measured results, defects found, the conclusion, the disposition opinion, dates, and the signatures of inspector, reviewer and approver, sealed with the inspection seal. Conclusions must be one of the permitted forms - 合格, 不合格, 复检合格 - not free text like "basically acceptable".
Defect disposition
- Minor nonconformity: record it, state the rectification requirement and the re-inspection condition.
- Item affecting safety: conclude 不合格 and issue a 检验意见通知书 to the user.
- Serious hazard endangering safety: report promptly to the user and the local market regulation department (most bodies require within 24 hours) and recommend stopping use.
- After repair, alteration or rectification, re-inspection confirms closure; the re-inspection is a new inspection with its own record.
Worked example
During a periodic inspection you find the safety valve calibration expired by eight months and its seal broken, with no other nonconformity. Reasoning: this is a 重要项目 failure, so the conclusion is 不合格 - not "qualified with observation". Issue the 检验意见通知书 specifying recalibration by a qualified body and resealing, notify the user in writing, and set the re-inspection condition: recalibration certificate plus functional verification. Record the finding on site, not in the office afterwards.
Traps that cost marks
Oral notification with no written trace; erasing or overwriting a wrong reading; issuing a report without approver signature or inspection seal; concluding 合格 while a 重要项目 fails.