Algeria ESSS Social Security Contest key terms

Public establishment managing social insurance for salaried workers in the non-agricultural private sector: health care reimbursement, daily sick pay, maternity leave, disability, and work accident cover. It is supervised by the ministry in charge of social security.

Body that insures self-employed and non-salaried workers - traders, artisans, farmers, liberal professions - for health cover, maternity, disability and retirement. Affiliates pay an annual contribution declared and settled directly with the fund.

Fund responsible for calculating and paying retirement pensions, invalidity pensions and survivors' pensions for former salaried workers. It receives the retirement contribution share collected by social security bodies and manages pension files.

Social insurance branch covering medical care, medicines and hospitalisation for the insured and their dependants. In Algeria it operates through the national health insurance scheme, with a share of costs reimbursed or paid directly to providers.

Arrangement under which the social security fund pays the health professional or pharmacy directly for the covered share, so the patient only pays the remaining part. It reduces upfront costs for the insured person.

The portion of a medical expense left to the patient after the fund's reimbursement. For reimbursable care the fund applies a reimbursement rate to the tariff, and the difference remains at the insured person's charge unless covered by complementary cover.

The set of risks covered by social insurance for salaried workers: illness, maternity, invalidity, old age, survivors, and work accidents and occupational diseases. Each branch has its own benefit rules and financing arrangements.

The act by which an employer or self-employed person registers with the competent social security body and is entered in its records. It creates the obligation to declare staff and pay contributions from the registration date onward.

Assignment of a unique registration number to an insured person or employer, used in all dealings with the social security body. For workers it identifies the individual career record used later for pension calculation.

Periodic statement by which an employer reports each employee's gross pay and period of employment to the social security body. It forms the basis for calculating contributions and for recording the worker's rights.

The base amount on which social contributions are calculated, generally gross remuneration including wages, bonuses and benefits in kind, within the limits set by regulation. A ceiling may apply for certain risks.

Compulsory payment financing social protection, split between employer and worker shares and calculated by applying a rate to the contribution base. It is collected by the social security bodies and recovered like a public debt.

The percentage applied to the contribution base to compute the amount due for each risk. Rates are fixed by regulation and differ between employer and employee shares and between salaried and non-salaried schemes.

The maximum level of earnings taken into account for calculating contributions or certain benefits. Pay above the ceiling is not counted, which limits both the contribution due and the insured amount for the risks concerned.

The administrative and legal process of collecting unpaid contributions, including reminders, penalties and enforcement measures against defaulting employers. Social security contributions are recovered under rules giving them priority over ordinary debts.

Surcharge added to contributions paid after the legal due date, calculated for each period of delay. It penalises late payment and is recovered together with the principal contribution.

Lifelong periodic payment granted to an insured person who stops working after completing the required age and contribution conditions. Its amount depends on the reference wage, the number of contribution years and the applicable rate.

The average earnings figure used to compute a pension, generally based on the insured person's declared salaries over a reference period. It is then multiplied by the liquidation rate and the contribution record.

The ratio between the pension amount and the previous earnings of the insured person. It shows how far retirement income replaces working income and is used to compare the generosity of pension rules.

Pension paid to the surviving spouse or eligible dependants of a deceased insured or pensioner, subject to age, marital or income conditions. It transfers part of the deceased person's retirement rights to the surviving household.

Benefit granted to an insured person whose working capacity is permanently reduced by illness or accident that is not a work accident. The degree of incapacity and the remaining ability to work determine entitlement.

An injury occurring by accident arising out of or in the course of employment. It triggers specific cover: free medical care, daily allowances, and a pension if permanent incapacity results, without the ordinary waiting conditions.

An illness listed in the regulatory schedule of occupational diseases and caused by exposure at work. It is compensated under the work accident branch, with presumption of occupational origin for listed conditions.

The written notice an employer must send to the social security body within the legal deadline after learning of a work accident. Failure to declare can expose the employer to liability for the benefits.

Medical body that assesses incapacity, confirms occupational disease and fixes rates of permanent disability for compensation purposes. Its opinions bind the fund when calculating disability and work accident pensions.

Daily cash allowance paid during a period of certified incapacity for work caused by illness, maternity or work accident. It partially replaces lost earnings and is calculated from the reference salary.

Statutory period of leave around childbirth during which the employed mother receives a daily allowance from the social insurance fund. Dismissal is prohibited during this protected period under labour law.

Algerian statute governing individual and collective employment relations: contract formation and termination, working time, leave, wages, hygiene and safety, and employee representation. It sets minimum rights that cannot be waived by agreement.

Employment contract without a fixed end date, which is the normal form of hiring. It may be terminated only on lawful grounds and following the statutory procedure, with notice and possible compensation.

Employment contract concluded for a fixed term or a specific task, permitted only in the cases allowed by law. It must be written, and its repeated renewal outside legal limits can be treated as an indefinite contract.

Termination of an employment contract at the employer's initiative. It requires a valid reason related to the employee's conduct or ability, or economic grounds, and must follow the notice and hearing procedure.

Public service that monitors application of labour and social security legislation at workplaces. Inspectors advise employers and workers, record breaches, and may refer disputes to the competent authorities.

Annual statute authorising the State's revenue and expenditure for the year and fixing the budget balance. It is prepared by the government, voted by Parliament and constitutes the legal basis for levying taxes and spending.

The forecast and authorisation document setting out expected public income and planned public expenditure for a year. It distinguishes operating and capital expenditure and is executed by the administration under public accounting rules.

The body of rules governing how public funds are received, committed, paid and recorded, and who is accountable for them. It separates the officer who orders spending from the accountant who pays, as a control device.

Public official who decides to commit, liquidate and order a public expenditure within an authorised budget line. The ordonnateur authorises the payment, while the public accountant executes it and verifies its regularity.

Supreme audit institution that checks the regularity of public accounts and the use of public funds by State bodies and public establishments. It reports to the President and publishes findings on management of public money.

The body of career rules applying to State civil servants: recruitment by competition, grade and step, promotion, discipline, and rights and duties. It is governed by the general statute of the civil service and special statutes by sector.

Law setting the common rules for civil servants, including access to employment, career progression, mobility, obligations, and disciplinary sanctions. Special statutes adapt these rules for each corps of public employees.

Competitive examination used as the normal route into the civil service and many public bodies. Candidates are ranked on written and oral tests, and places are filled in order of merit.