Catalonia PAU Physics / Física 2º Bachillerato (CIC Generalitat) study plan

Derive and apply Newton's law of universal gravitation to compute field strength and force vectors at points between and around two masses.

Calculate gravitational potential energy and potential for discrete mass distributions, stating the sign convention and reference point explicitly.

Solve orbital mechanics problems: circular orbit speed, period, and escape velocity, using Kepler's third law to relate radius and period.

Set up a data table from at least three gravitation-style measurements (real or textbook) and propagate absolute uncertainties to a derived quantity.

Compute gravitational field and potential inside and outside a spherical shell and a solid sphere, and explain the shell theorem in your own words.

Derive and apply Coulomb's law for point charges in one and two dimensions, resolving forces into components.

Calculate electric field and potential from discrete charge configurations, including the superposition principle and the zero-potential point between opposite charges.

Draw and interpret equipotential lines and field lines for dipole and parallel-plate configurations.

Apply Gauss's law to find the field of a charged plane, cylinder, and sphere, and state when the law simplifies the calculation.

Analyze conductors in electrostatic equilibrium: internal field, surface charge distribution, and shielding.

Compute capacitance of parallel-plate and spherical capacitors, and calculate stored energy and charge for series and parallel combinations.

Calculate the magnetic force on a moving charge and on a current-carrying wire, including the radius of circular motion in a uniform field.

Apply the Biot–Savart law and Ampère's law to compute magnetic fields of straight wires, loops, and solenoids.

Calculate the force between parallel currents and determine attraction or repulsion from the field directions.

Apply Faraday's law to compute induced emf for changing flux, and use Lenz's law to state the direction of the induced current in at least five distinct geometries.

Solve motional-emf problems for a rod moving on rails, linking mechanical power input to electrical power dissipated.

Write and apply the wave equation y(x,t) = A sin(kx − ωt), extracting amplitude, wavelength, frequency, period, and propagation direction.

Compute sound intensity level in decibels, intensity from power and distance, and apply the inverse-square law to compare two positions.

Solve Doppler-effect problems for moving source, moving observer, and both, stating the sign convention used.

Derive the period of a mass–spring system and a simple pendulum, and write the equation of motion for a given initial displacement and velocity.

Apply Snell's law and the critical-angle condition to refraction problems, including total internal reflection.

Construct ray diagrams for converging and diverging thin lenses and for concave and convex mirrors, and classify the resulting image.

Apply the thin-lens and mirror equations with the correct sign convention, and compute magnification and image position.

Relate SHM to wave generation by explaining how a vibrating source produces a traveling wave with a defined frequency and amplitude.

Apply the photoelectric effect equation to compute threshold frequency, work function, stopping potential, and maximum kinetic energy of emitted electrons.

Calculate time dilation, length contraction, relativistic mass–energy, and velocity addition for simple one-dimensional cases.

Describe the Bohr model and compute energy-level transitions and emitted photon wavelengths for hydrogen.

Solve radioactive decay problems: activity, half-life, decay constant, and remaining nuclei after a given time.

Design a complete experimental procedure for a simple measurable relationship (e.g., pendulum period vs. length), specifying variables, controls, instrument precision, and repeat measurements.

Construct a graph with labeled axes, units, error bars, and a best-fit line, then extract a physical constant from the slope with its uncertainty.

Identify and correct common error sources: systematic vs. random, parallax, zero error, and significant-figure misuse.

Complete two full timed past-paper simulations under exam conditions and classify every error by domain to target final revision.