Valencian Community PAU German II flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

wahr/falsch mit Beleg

Answer format in which a true/false choice only scores when accompanied by the exact line or close German paraphrase from the text that proves it.

Signalwörter des Gegensatzes

Words such as aber, jedoch, allerdings, dennoch and trotzdem. They introduce contrast and usually mark the sentence containing the answer to an inference question.

Paraphrase statt Zitat

Correct multiple-choice options normally restate the text in different words; options that copy text words verbatim are frequently distractors attached to a false claim.

Schlussabsatz als Thesenort

In German journalistic texts the author's position or the main claim is typically restated in the final two sentences, making the last paragraph decisive for title and intention items.

Anrede und Register

Use du for friends, family and peers; use Sie plus surname for officials, companies and unknown adults. Mixing both within one text is penalised in PAU writing.

Verbstellung im Hauptsatz

The finite verb stands in second position in main clauses. If an adverbial opens the sentence, the subject moves behind the verb, giving verb-second order still.

Nebensatz mit weil oder dass

In subordinate clauses introduced by weil, dass, obwohl or wenn, the finite verb moves to the final position, for example: …, weil ich heute keine Zeit habe.

Meinungstext-Struktur

Four-part layout: introduction naming the topic, two arguments each supported by a reason or example, and a conclusion restating the position with a connector such as zusammenfassend.

Konnektoren für hohe Bewertung

einerseits … andererseits, außerdem, deshalb, obwohl, während, zum Beispiel and zusammenfassend raise coherence scores because they signal logical relations explicitly between sentences.

Wechselpräpositionen mit Akkusativ

an, auf, in, über, unter, vor, hinter, neben and zwischen take the accusative when the phrase expresses motion or direction towards a goal.

Wechselpräpositionen mit Dativ

The same nine two-way prepositions take the dative when the phrase expresses a fixed position or state rather than movement, for example: Das Buch liegt auf dem Tisch.

Dativpräpositionen

The prepositions aus, bei, mit, nach, seit, von and zu always govern the dative, regardless of meaning or verb, for example: mit dem Bus, nach der Schule.

Perfekt mit sein

Verbs of motion or state change (gehen, fahren, kommen, werden, aufstehen) and the verbs sein, werden and bleiben form the perfect tense with sein instead of haben.

Passiv mit werden

Passive voice formed with werden plus Partizip II. The agent takes von for a person and durch for a means or cause, as in Das Buch wurde von ihr geschrieben.

Konjunktiv II der Höflichkeit

Forms hätte, wäre and würde plus infinitive express hypothetical situations and polite requests, for example: Würden Sie mir bitte helfen? or Wenn ich Zeit hätte, käme ich.

Trennbare Verben im Hauptsatz

Separable verbs split in main clauses with the prefix at the end (Ich stehe früh auf), but remain whole in subordinate clauses and after modal verbs.

Adjektivendungen nach Artikel

After definite articles the ending is -e in the nominative singular of all genders and -en in most other cases; after ein-words a mixed pattern with -er, -es and -e applies.

Zahlen über zwanzig

German states the unit before the ten, joined by und: einundzwanzig is 21 and zweiundvierzig is 42. Listeners must reverse the order when writing digits.

Uhrzeit mit halb

halb refers to the half hour before the named hour: halb acht means 7:30, and Viertel vor acht means 7:45. This differs from Spanish and English usage.

Korrektursignale im Hörtext

Markers such as übrigens, allerdings, im Gegenteil and also introduce a correction or contrast, so the speaker's later statement usually overrides the earlier one.

Minimalpaare mit Umlaut

Pairs distinguished only by umlaut or ß, such as schon/schön, Stadt/Staat and Masse/Maße, require writing what is heard and then checking it against the context.

Konjunktiv I der indirekten Rede

Formal reported speech uses Konjunktiv I, as in Er sagte, er habe keine Zeit. Where it matches the indicative, Konjunktiv II substitutes, for example sie hätten.

Sprachmittlung statt Übersetzung

Mediation conveys only the information a stated reader needs, in the target language and register, without word-for-word translation and without adding new content.

man statt se-passiv

Spanish impersonal and passive se-constructions have no German equivalent; rewrite them with man plus an active verb or with the werden-passive instead of a literal translation.

Falsche Freunde Gymnasium

Gymnasium means an academic secondary school leading to the Abitur, not a sports hall. Similarly Note is a school mark and sensibel means sensitive, not sensible.

Modalpartikeln und Funktion

Particles such as doch, mal, ja and eben carry no translated meaning but signal emphasis, softening or shared knowledge; language-awareness items ask for that function.

DACH-Prinzip

Landeskunde covers Germany, Austria and Switzerland together. Switzerland has four national languages, with German spoken in the north and centre of the country.

Abitur und Matura

Abitur is the German university entrance qualification gained at the Gymnasium; Austria's equivalent school-leaving certificate is the Matura, also used in Switzerland.

Duales Ausbildungssystem

German vocational training combines practical apprenticeship in a company with part-time teaching at a Berufsschule, typically lasting two to three and a half years.

Mülltrennung in Deutschland

Household waste is separated by law into glass, paper, packaging, organic and residual waste, and correct separation is expected in everyday life.

Sonntagsruhe

Shops in Germany and Austria are generally closed on Sundays, protected as a day of rest; this shapes weekly shopping habits and surprises many visitors.

Schweizer Kantone

Switzerland is a confederation of 26 cantons with extensive autonomy, and citizens decide many issues through Volksabstimmungen and popular initiatives at federal, cantonal and communal level.