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FAA ADX practice questions

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Question 1Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

What is the minimum age at which a person may be issued an aircraft dispatcher certificate?

  1. 21 years
  2. 23 years Correct answer.
  3. 25 years
  4. 18 years

Explanation

The eligibility rules for an aircraft dispatcher certificate require the applicant to be at least 23 years of age. A younger person may complete training and testing but cannot be issued the certificate until reaching that age.

Question 2Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

Aircraft dispatcher certification requirements are prescribed in which part of Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations?

  1. Part 65 Correct answer.
  2. Part 61
  3. Part 121
  4. Part 135

Explanation

Part 65 contains the certification rules for aircraft dispatchers, including eligibility, knowledge, experience or training, and skill requirements. Parts 61, 121, and 135 contain other airman or operating rules.

Question 3Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

An applicant for an aircraft dispatcher certificate must be able to read, speak, write, and understand which language?

  1. English Correct answer.
  2. Spanish
  3. The language of the applicant's country of citizenship
  4. French

Explanation

The eligibility rules require the applicant to read, speak, write, and understand English, because dispatch work depends on English-language weather, NOTAM, and air traffic control products.

Question 4Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

An FAA-approved aircraft dispatcher certification course must include at least how many hours of instruction?

  1. 500 hours
  2. 300 hours
  3. 200 hours Correct answer.
  4. 100 hours

Explanation

A course approved for dispatcher certification must consist of at least 200 hours of instruction covering the required subject areas. Graduation from such a course is one way to satisfy the experience or training requirement.

Question 5Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

Which ratings or classes are placed on an aircraft dispatcher certificate?

  1. None; the certificate carries no ratings Correct answer.
  2. Turbojet and reciprocating-engine ratings
  3. Domestic and international ratings
  4. Class I, Class II, and Class III ratings

Explanation

The FAA issues a single aircraft dispatcher certificate without ratings or classes. The holder's authority to dispatch comes from the certificate combined with the employing operator's qualification process.

Question 6Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

Which medical certificate must an aircraft dispatcher hold in order to exercise the privileges of the certificate?

  1. A first-class medical certificate
  2. A third-class medical certificate
  3. No medical certificate Correct answer.
  4. A second-class medical certificate

Explanation

Aircraft dispatchers are not required to hold an FAA medical certificate. The certification requirements are age, English language ability, knowledge, experience or training, and skill.

Question 7Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

How long does an aircraft dispatcher certificate remain valid?

  1. It must be renewed every 12 calendar months
  2. Until the holder reaches age 65
  3. 24 calendar months from the date of issue
  4. Until it is surrendered, suspended, or revoked Correct answer.

Explanation

A dispatcher certificate has no expiration date and remains valid unless it is surrendered, suspended, or revoked. Continuing qualification for line work is handled through the operator's competency check rather than certificate renewal.

Question 8Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

Operational control, with respect to a flight, means:

  1. Responsibility for keeping the aircraft in an airworthy condition
  2. The authority to hire, train, and discharge flight crewmembers
  3. The duty to file the flight plan with air traffic control
  4. Authority over initiating, conducting, or terminating a flight Correct answer.

Explanation

Operational control is defined as the exercise of authority over initiating, conducting, or terminating a flight. It is broader than any single task such as filing a flight plan and is shared between the pilot in command and the dispatcher.

Question 9Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

Under Part 121, who is jointly responsible with the pilot in command for the preflight planning, delay, and dispatch release of a flight?

  1. The aircraft dispatcher Correct answer.
  2. The director of operations
  3. The chief flight instructor
  4. The FAA principal operations inspector

Explanation

Part 121 assigns joint responsibility for preflight planning, delay, and the dispatch release to the pilot in command and the aircraft dispatcher. This shared responsibility is the foundation of the dispatcher's role in operational control.

Question 10Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

In domestic and flag operations, a certificate holder may not schedule an aircraft dispatcher for more than how many hours of duty in any 24 consecutive hours?

  1. 8 hours
  2. 16 hours
  3. 12 hours
  4. 10 hours Correct answer.

Explanation

Part 121 limits scheduled dispatcher duty to 10 hours in any 24 consecutive hours for domestic and flag operations. The limit protects the dispatcher's ability to monitor flights with adequate alertness.

Question 11Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

A Part 121 certificate holder must ensure that each aircraft dispatcher has passed a competency check within the preceding:

  1. 24 calendar months
  2. 6 calendar months
  3. 3 calendar months
  4. 12 calendar months Correct answer.

Explanation

Before a dispatcher may be used, the certificate holder must confirm that the dispatcher has passed a competency check within the preceding 12 calendar months. The check keeps the dispatcher's knowledge of the operator's procedures current.

Question 12Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

An applicant for an aircraft dispatcher certificate may satisfy the experience requirement by having how much qualifying experience?

  1. 5 years within the preceding 10 years
  2. 2 years within the preceding 3 years Correct answer.
  3. 18 months within the preceding 3 years
  4. 3 years within the preceding 5 years

Explanation

The experience route requires at least 2 years of qualifying experience within the 3 years before application, earned in one or a combination of the listed aviation areas. The alternative route is graduation from an approved dispatcher certification course.

Question 13Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

What minimum score must an applicant achieve on the aircraft dispatcher knowledge test?

  1. 70 percent Correct answer.
  2. 80 percent
  3. 60 percent
  4. 75 percent

Explanation

The dispatcher knowledge test is scored on a pass or fail basis with a minimum passing score of 70 percent. An applicant who does not pass must retest before certification can proceed.

Question 14Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

An aircraft dispatcher certification course must be approved by:

  1. The Director of Operations of the air carrier
  2. The training department of an approved training center
  3. The Administrator (FAA) Correct answer.
  4. The chief pilot of the certificate holder that hires the graduate

Explanation

Only the FAA Administrator approves aircraft dispatcher certification courses and their curricula. Graduation from an approved course is what allows an applicant to use the training route instead of the 2-year experience route.

Question 15Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

Under Part 121, which task is the aircraft dispatcher required to perform for each flight?

  1. Approving the aircraft's maintenance release
  2. Monitoring the progress of the flight Correct answer.
  3. Delegating flight monitoring to the pilot in command
  4. Scheduling the flight crew's rest periods

Explanation

The dispatcher must monitor the progress of each dispatched flight and issue information necessary for its safety. This monitoring duty cannot be shifted to the flight crew.

Question 16Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

How much pilot flight time must an applicant have to be issued an aircraft dispatcher certificate?

  1. 100 hours of pilot-in-command time
  2. No flight time Correct answer.
  3. 40 hours of instrument time
  4. 200 hours of total time

Explanation

There is no flight time requirement for a dispatcher certificate. Applicants qualify through experience in listed aviation positions or through graduation from an approved dispatcher certification course.

Question 17Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

Before a person may serve as an aircraft dispatcher, that person must hold:

  1. A letter of authorization from the certificate holder
  2. A dispatcher rating on a commercial pilot certificate
  3. An aircraft dispatcher certificate Correct answer.
  4. A graduation certificate from an approved course

Explanation

No person may serve as an aircraft dispatcher without an aircraft dispatcher certificate issued by the FAA. Graduation from a course or an operator letter does not substitute for the certificate.

Question 18Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

Which tests must an applicant pass to be issued an aircraft dispatcher certificate?

  1. A skill test only
  2. A knowledge test and a flight check in the airplane
  3. A knowledge test only
  4. A knowledge test and a skill test Correct answer.

Explanation

The applicant must pass both a knowledge test and a skill test before the certificate is issued. The skill test is a practical demonstration of dispatching ability, not a flight check in an aircraft.

Question 19Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

The FAA may suspend or revoke an aircraft dispatcher certificate:

  1. For violations of the Federal Aviation Regulations Correct answer.
  2. Only at the request of the employing certificate holder
  3. Only after the National Transportation Safety Board determines probable cause
  4. Only when the dispatcher fails a competency check

Explanation

A dispatcher certificate is subject to suspension or revocation for violations of the regulations, just as other airman certificates are. Neither an NTSB probable cause finding nor an operator request is a prerequisite for the FAA to act.

Question 20Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

An aircraft dispatcher certificate authorizes the holder to:

  1. Dispatch flights for any air carrier in the world without further qualification
  2. Act as pilot in command of the flights the holder dispatches
  3. Serve as a dispatcher once the employing carrier finds the holder qualified Correct answer.
  4. Approve the certificate holder's operations specifications

Explanation

The certificate authorizes the holder to serve as an aircraft dispatcher, but the employing certificate holder must first find the person qualified under its approved program, including the required checks and training.

Question 21Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

During an in-flight emergency, which statement about operational control is correct?

  1. The flight may not deviate from the dispatch release for any reason
  2. The pilot in command may deviate as the emergency requires Correct answer.
  3. The dispatcher must approve any deviation before the crew may act
  4. The dispatcher's instructions override the pilot in command's emergency decisions

Explanation

The pilot in command has final authority in an emergency and may deviate from the dispatch release to the extent required. The dispatcher continues to provide support and information but does not override that authority.

Question 22Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

An applicant has 14 months of experience as an air traffic controller and 10 months as a military navigator, all within the preceding 3 years, and has not completed an approved dispatcher course. What is the result?

  1. The applicant qualifies because the experience totals 2 years Correct answer.
  2. The applicant must have held a pilot certificate during the entire period
  3. The applicant qualifies only if the experience was with a Part 121 carrier
  4. The applicant does not qualify because only one type of experience may be used

Explanation

Qualifying experience may be earned in one or a combination of the listed aviation areas within the 3 years before application. Here the two periods total 24 months, so the 2-year experience requirement is met.

Question 23Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

Before a domestic flight departs, the dispatch release must be signed by:

  1. The pilot in command only
  2. The aircraft dispatcher and the pilot in command Correct answer.
  3. The aircraft dispatcher only
  4. The director of operations and the chief dispatcher

Explanation

The release is signed by both the aircraft dispatcher and the pilot in command, showing that each has reviewed the flight and accepts the shared responsibility for operational control.

Question 24Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

If a flight cannot be completed as planned, the aircraft dispatcher is expected to:

  1. Amend the dispatch release or cancel the flight Correct answer.
  2. Issue a new operations specification for the flight
  3. Take no action and leave the decision to the pilot in command
  4. Notify the FAA certificate management office before acting

Explanation

When a flight cannot be completed as planned, the dispatcher exercises operational control by issuing a revised release or cancelling the flight. This is part of the same authority that produced the original release.

Question 25Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

Which statement correctly describes how Parts 65 and 121 apply to an aircraft dispatcher?

  1. Only Part 65 applies, because Part 121 contains no dispatcher rules
  2. Only Part 121 applies, because Part 65 covers mechanics only
  3. Part 65 applies to domestic operations and Part 121 to flag operations
  4. Part 65 governs certification; Part 121 governs employment Correct answer.

Explanation

Part 65 establishes the standards for issuing the dispatcher certificate, while Part 121 imposes additional qualification and checking requirements on dispatchers used by air carriers. A working dispatcher must satisfy both sets of rules.

Question 26Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

To be eligible for an aircraft dispatcher certificate, an applicant must be at least what age?

  1. 18 years old
  2. 25 years old
  3. 21 years old
  4. 23 years old Correct answer.

Explanation

Part 65 sets 23 as the minimum age for an aircraft dispatcher certificate. There is no upper age limit, and the applicant must also meet the language, knowledge, experience, and skill requirements.

Question 27Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

Besides meeting the age requirement, an applicant for an aircraft dispatcher certificate must demonstrate which ability in the English language?

  1. Read and write only
  2. Speak and understand only
  3. Read, speak, and understand, but not write
  4. Read, speak, write, and understand Correct answer.

Explanation

Part 65 requires a dispatcher applicant to be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English language. All four abilities are part of the eligibility requirement.

Question 28Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

The requirements for issuing an aircraft dispatcher certificate are contained in which part of Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations?

  1. Part 91
  2. Part 61
  3. Part 65 Correct answer.
  4. Part 121

Explanation

Part 65 governs certification of airmen other than flight crewmembers, which includes aircraft dispatchers. Part 121 contains operating rules that rely on dispatchers but does not contain the certificate issuance requirements.

Question 29Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

An applicant for an aircraft dispatcher certificate must pass a practical test that may be given by whom?

  1. An FAA inspector or a designated aircraft dispatcher examiner Correct answer.
  2. Any dispatcher currently employed by a Part 121 certificate holder
  3. The hiring certificate holder's director of operations
  4. A designated pilot examiner who holds an airline transport pilot certificate

Explanation

Part 65 requires the dispatcher practical test to be administered by an FAA inspector or by a person designated by the FAA as an aircraft dispatcher examiner. Line dispatchers and company officials do not hold that authority.

Question 30Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

Under Part 121 domestic operations, which information is the aircraft dispatcher required to furnish to the pilot in command?

  1. The duty-time records of the flight crew and the dispatcher
  2. Available weather reports, forecasts, and safety-related facility irregularities Correct answer.
  3. Company financial reports and fuel-price forecasts for the route
  4. The maintenance history of every aircraft in the fleet

Explanation

Part 121 requires the dispatcher to furnish the pilot in command all available weather reports and forecasts, along with information about facility and navigational aid irregularities that may affect the safety of the flight.

Question 31Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

A newly hired person holds a valid aircraft dispatcher certificate but has never worked in a dispatch office. Who is responsible for ensuring the required company training and competency check are completed before that person dispatches flights?

  1. The certificate holder employing the dispatcher Correct answer.
  2. The FAA's local flight standards district office
  3. The pilot in command of the first flight dispatched
  4. The dispatcher's previous employer, if any

Explanation

Part 121 places the duty on the certificate holder not to use a person as a dispatcher until that person has completed the required training and competency check. Holding the certificate alone does not authorize dispatch for a particular carrier.

Question 32Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

The dispatcher and the pilot in command disagree about a matter concerning a flight already in progress. Which statement is correct?

  1. The FAA's air traffic control facility must resolve the disagreement
  2. The dispatcher's decision controls because the dispatcher is at the dispatch office
  3. The pilot in command has final authority over the aircraft's operation Correct answer.
  4. The disagreement must be resolved by the certificate holder's chief dispatcher

Explanation

The pilot in command has final authority as to the operation of the aircraft. The dispatcher's shared responsibility for preflight planning and the dispatch release does not displace that in-flight authority.

Question 33Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

For an aircraft dispatcher certification course to be approved by the FAA, the course must include at least how many hours of instruction?

  1. 100 hours
  2. 40 hours
  3. 200 hours Correct answer.
  4. 120 hours

Explanation

Part 65 requires an approved dispatcher certification course to provide at least 200 hours of instruction in the required subject areas. Completing such a course also satisfies the experience route to certification.

Question 34Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

A Part 121 certificate holder decides to change the curriculum of its aircraft dispatcher training program. What must the certificate holder do before using the revised program?

  1. Obtain FAA approval of the revised program Correct answer.
  2. File the revision with the NTSB within 30 days
  3. Notify the dispatchers' union and post the change
  4. Test the revision for six months and then report the results

Explanation

Part 121 requires a certificate holder's training program, including its dispatcher training, to be approved by the FAA. Revisions to an approved program must likewise be approved before they take effect.

Question 35Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

Before departure, the dispatcher and the pilot in command agree to change the destination airport shown on the dispatch release. What action is required?

  1. Obtain approval from the FAA flight standards district office before departure
  2. Record the change in the aircraft maintenance log before engine start
  3. No action is required, because the destination can simply be changed by radio after departure
  4. Amend the release and have both the dispatcher and pilot in command sign it Correct answer.

Explanation

A dispatch release applies to the flight as planned, so a change made before departure must be reflected in an amended release signed by the dispatcher and the pilot in command. The release is not valid for a flight different from the one it describes.

Question 36Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

Who must keep the records showing that an aircraft dispatcher has completed required training and competency checks?

  1. The certificate holder that employs the dispatcher Correct answer.
  2. The dispatcher, in a personal logbook
  3. The FAA airman certification branch
  4. The manufacturer of the aircraft dispatched

Explanation

Part 121 requires the certificate holder to maintain records of its dispatchers' training, qualification, and checks and to make them available to the FAA on request.

Question 37Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

Which statement about certificated aircraft dispatchers is correct for a Part 135 on-demand operation?

  1. Certificated aircraft dispatchers are not required by the regulations Correct answer.
  2. A certificated dispatcher must sign a dispatch release for each IFR flight
  3. A dispatcher must be on duty at the company's dispatch office for every flight
  4. The pilot in command and a dispatcher share operational control of each flight

Explanation

Part 135 does not require the use of certificated aircraft dispatchers; the domestic and flag requirement for joint operational control by a dispatcher and the pilot in command applies to Part 121.

Question 38Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

A dispatcher believes a flight cannot be conducted safely, but the pilot in command has signed the dispatch release and wants to depart. The dispatcher declines to sign. Which outcome is correct under the regulations?

  1. The flight may not depart, because a dispatch release requires both signatures Correct answer.
  2. The flight may depart after the chief dispatcher signs in place of the dispatcher
  3. The flight may depart if the certificate holder accepts responsibility in writing
  4. The flight may depart, because the pilot in command has final authority

Explanation

Before a domestic or flag flight departs, the dispatch release must be signed by the aircraft dispatcher and the pilot in command. Without the dispatcher's signature the release is not valid, so the flight cannot depart on it.

Question 39Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

An applicant has no aviation work experience but has graduated from an FAA-approved aircraft dispatcher certification course. How does this affect the applicant's eligibility for a dispatcher certificate?

  1. The applicant must work 12 months as a flight follower before applying
  2. Graduation from the approved course satisfies the experience requirement Correct answer.
  3. The applicant is eligible only if the course ended within the past 6 months
  4. The applicant is ineligible until two years of flight experience is obtained

Explanation

Part 65 allows the experience requirement to be met through completion of an FAA-approved dispatcher certification course. A graduate with no prior aviation employment can therefore be eligible once the age, language, knowledge, and skill requirements are met.

Question 40Regulations and Dispatcher Certification Requirements

A dispatcher's certificate is suspended by the FAA. The employer, facing a staffing shortage, asks the dispatcher to keep signing dispatch releases until the suspension is lifted. Which statement is correct?

  1. The dispatcher may sign releases only for domestic flights during the suspension
  2. The dispatcher may continue if the certificate holder accepts liability in writing
  3. The dispatcher may continue to sign releases under the supervision of a certificated dispatcher
  4. The dispatcher may not perform dispatcher duties while the certificate is suspended Correct answer.

Explanation

A suspended certificate conveys no privileges while the suspension is in effect, so the person may not serve as an aircraft dispatcher. The certificate holder likewise may not use that person in a dispatcher capacity.

Question 41Flight Planning, Dispatch Release, and Performance

Under domestic IFR rules, the fuel planned in addition to trip fuel and approach/missed approach fuel must allow the airplane to fly for at least:

  1. 30 minutes at holding speed at 1,500 feet
  2. 2 hours at long-range cruise
  3. 45 minutes at normal cruising speed Correct answer.
  4. 10 percent of the total trip fuel

Explanation

Domestic IFR fuel rules require enough fuel to reach the destination, fly the approach and missed approach, and then continue for 45 minutes at normal cruising speed. This reserve applies whether or not a destination alternate is required.

Question 42Flight Planning, Dispatch Release, and Performance

Unless the operator's specifications provide otherwise, a domestic destination alternate may be omitted when the destination forecast, from 1 hour before to 1 hour after the estimated time of arrival, is at or above:

  1. 1,000 feet and 2 statute miles
  2. 2,000 feet and 3 statute miles Correct answer.
  3. 1,500 feet and 3 statute miles
  4. 1,800 feet and 3 statute miles

Explanation

The familiar 1-2-3 rule requires a ceiling of at least 2,000 feet and visibility of at least 3 statute miles for the 1-hour window before and after arrival. If either value is forecast lower, a destination alternate must be listed.

Question 43Flight Planning, Dispatch Release, and Performance

For a turbojet airplane, the landing distance required at the destination airport may not exceed what percentage of the effective runway length?

  1. 80 percent
  2. 60 percent Correct answer.
  3. 115 percent
  4. 70 percent

Explanation

Turbojet landing distance must not exceed 60 percent of the effective runway length at the destination airport. The remaining margin covers variations in touchdown point, braking, and speed control.

Question 44Flight Planning, Dispatch Release, and Performance

A takeoff alternate is required when departure weather is below landing minimums. For a two-engine airplane, that alternate must be within what flight time?

  1. 1 hour at normal cruise speed in still air with all engines operating
  2. 2 hours at normal cruise speed in still air with one engine inoperative
  3. 30 minutes at maximum cruise speed with all engines operating
  4. 1 hour at normal cruise speed in still air with one engine inoperative Correct answer.

Explanation

For two-engine airplanes the takeoff alternate must be within 1 hour of the departure airport at normal cruise speed in still air with one engine inoperative. Three- and four-engine airplanes are allowed 2 hours.

Question 45Flight Planning, Dispatch Release, and Performance

Which item must be included in a dispatch release?

  1. The minimum fuel supply for the flight Correct answer.
  2. The names of the cabin crew assigned
  3. The weight of each cargo compartment
  4. The passenger manifest totals

Explanation

The dispatch release must state the fuel supply along with items such as routing, alternates, weather, and the type of operation. Cabin crew names and compartment weights belong on other documents.

Question 46Flight Planning, Dispatch Release, and Performance

Maximum zero fuel weight is the maximum weight of the airplane and its contents, excluding:

  1. cargo in the forward hold
  2. checked baggage
  3. the flight crew
  4. usable fuel Correct answer.

Explanation

Zero fuel weight covers the airplane plus payload with no usable fuel aboard. Fuel added on top of that weight is limited so that wing bending and other structural loads remain within design limits.

Question 47Flight Planning, Dispatch Release, and Performance

As density altitude increases, the takeoff distance required for a given airplane weight generally:

  1. increases Correct answer.
  2. decreases, then increases
  3. remains the same
  4. decreases

Explanation

Higher density altitude means thinner air, which reduces both engine performance and lift for a given true airspeed. The airplane therefore needs a longer ground roll and a longer distance to reach 35 feet.

Question 48Flight Planning, Dispatch Release, and Performance

For a flag operation, fuel must allow flight to the destination, then to the most distant alternate, and then:

  1. 10 percent of the trip fuel at normal cruising speed
  2. 2 hours at holding speed at 5,000 feet
  3. 30 minutes at holding speed at 1,500 feet above the alternate Correct answer.
  4. 45 minutes at normal cruising speed

Explanation

Flag fuel rules add 30 minutes of holding at 1,500 feet above the alternate after the destination and most distant alternate have been covered. Domestic rules use a 45-minute reserve instead.

Question 49Flight Planning, Dispatch Release, and Performance

When a departure or destination runway is contaminated, the dispatcher should:

  1. apply the manufacturer's contaminated-runway performance data Correct answer.
  2. use the dry-runway data but add a flat 10 percent
  3. reduce the airplane's zero fuel weight to compensate
  4. assume the runway is dry if braking action is reported good

Explanation

Contaminated runway data account for drag from slush, snow, or standing water and for reduced braking friction. The approved contaminated-runway figures must be used for takeoff, accelerate-stop, and landing computations.

Question 50Flight Planning, Dispatch Release, and Performance

V1 is the speed at which the pilot:

  1. rotates the airplane to the takeoff attitude
  2. must decide to continue the takeoff or reject it after an engine failure Correct answer.
  3. retracts the landing gear after a positive rate of climb
  4. reaches 35 feet above the runway surface

Explanation

V1 is the takeoff decision speed: an engine failure recognized before V1 leads to a rejected takeoff, while one at or after V1 leads to continuing the takeoff. It is distinct from rotation speed and takeoff safety speed.