ICAC Investigator Written Test cheat sheet

辨析近義詞：從詞義輕重、範圍大小、感情色彩、搭配對象四方面判斷，例如「請求」與「懇求」輕重不同。

病句六大類型：成分殘缺、搭配不當、語序不當、結構混亂、表意不明、不合邏輯。

公文常用語：稱謂用「貴」，自稱用「本」；引述用「根據」，結尾用「特此通告」等。

標點符號：書名號用《》，篇名用〈〉；引號內完整引用句末標點放在引號內。

文言實詞：常見一詞多義，如「兵」可指兵器、士兵、軍隊、戰爭，須依上下文判斷。

成語誤用：注意望文生義（如「差強人意」指大體滿意）、對象誤用（如「汗牛充棟」形容藏書多）。

句子銜接：留意代詞指代、關聯詞搭配（不但…而且、雖然…但是）及話題一致性。

閱讀理解：區分事實與觀點，注意轉折詞（然而、其實）後常為作者重點。

Subject-verb agreement: singular subjects take singular verbs; intervening phrases do not change the number.

Tenses: use past perfect for an action completed before another past action; present perfect for past action with present relevance.

Common confusables: affect (verb) vs effect (noun); principal (main) vs principle (rule); complement vs compliment.

Prepositions: accuse of, charged with, comply with, consist of, differ from, insist on, prohibit from.

Conditionals: second conditional (if + past, would + base) for unreal present; third conditional (if + had + past participle, would have + past participle) for unreal past.

Passive voice: form with be + past participle; use when the doer is unknown or unimportant.

Punctuation: comma splice error (two independent clauses joined only by comma); use semicolon or conjunction.

Vocabulary in context: use surrounding clues (definition, contrast, cause-effect) to infer meaning of unfamiliar words.

Percentage change = (new − old) / old × 100%; reverse percentage: original = new / (1 ± rate).

Ratio: if a:b = 3:4 and b:c = 2:5, make b common (6:8 and 8:20) to get a:b:c = 6:8:20 = 3:4:10.

Average speed for equal distances = 2xy/(x+y), not (x+y)/2.

Simple interest = P × r × t; compound interest = P(1 + r)^t − P.

Work rate: if A finishes in a days and B in b days, together time = ab/(a+b).

Data sufficiency: determine whether the given statements are enough to answer, without solving fully.

Number series: check differences, ratios, squares/cubes, alternating patterns, and prime sequences.

Logical puzzles: use elimination grids; mark definite negatives first to deduce positives.

Deductive validity: an argument is valid if conclusion must follow from premises, regardless of truth of premises.

Syllogism: All A are B; some B are C does not imply some A are C - check with Venn diagrams.

Contrapositive: “If P then Q” is equivalent to “If not Q then not P”; converse and inverse are not equivalent.

Assumption questions: the unstated premise needed for the conclusion to follow; negate it to test necessity.

Strengthen/weaken: identify the link between evidence and conclusion; attack or support that link.

Cause vs correlation: alternative explanations (reverse causation, third factor) weaken causal claims.

Analogy: find the relationship (function, part-whole, degree) and apply to the options.

Sequence and arrangement: draw a diagram; place fixed items first, then use “not” clues to eliminate.

Basic Law Article 1: The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is an inalienable part of the People's Republic of China.

Basic Law Article 2: The HKSAR exercises a high degree of autonomy, except in foreign affairs and defence.

Basic Law Article 8: Common law and rules of equity continue, save those inconsistent with the Basic Law.

Basic Law Article 23: The HKSAR shall enact laws on its own to prohibit treason, secession, sedition, subversion against the Central People's Government, and theft of state secrets.

Hong Kong National Security Law (2020) offences: secession, subversion, terrorist activities, collusion with foreign forces; maximum penalty for principal offenders is life imprisonment.

NSL Article 2: safeguards rights and freedoms, including freedom of speech, assembly, and the rights under the ICCPR as applied to Hong Kong.

Basic Law Article 158: power of final interpretation is vested in the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.

National security is a matter of the Central Authorities; the HKSAR has a duty to safeguard it under the Constitution and Basic Law.

Prevention of Bribery Ordinance (Cap. 201) s.3: a public servant commits an offence if, without lawful authority, he solicits or accepts any advantage.

s.4: offering an advantage to a public servant as an inducement or reward for official acts is an offence.

s.9: agent (including employee) accepting advantage without principal's permission is an offence.

“Advantage” under s.2 includes money, gifts, loans, contracts, services, and any valuable consideration.

ICAC Ordinance (Cap. 204) empowers the Commissioner to investigate corruption; ICAC is independent and reports to the Chief Executive.

Conflict of interest: declare and avoid; a public servant must not use official position to benefit personally or for associates.

Confidentiality: information obtained in the course of duty must not be disclosed without authorisation.

Reporting: suspected corruption should be reported to the ICAC; failure to report may breach departmental rules.

Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region of China under the “One Country, Two Systems” principle, with the Basic Law as its constitutional document.

The Legislative Council of Hong Kong has 90 members under the 2021 electoral system (40 Election Committee, 30 functional constituencies, 20 geographical constituencies).

The Hong Kong National Security Law was enacted on 30 June 2020 and took effect the same day.

The Greater Bay Area comprises Hong Kong, Macao, and nine Guangdong cities including Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Zhuhai.

The Hong Kong dollar is pegged to the US dollar at around 7.8 HKD per USD (7.75–7.85 band).

The ICAC was established in 1974; its three departments are Operations, Corruption Prevention, and Community Relations.

The Court of Final Appeal is the highest appellate court in Hong Kong; the Chief Justice heads the judiciary.

Hong Kong has 18 districts; the District Councils are advisory bodies under the 2023 reform.