HK Police RPC Written Exam flashcards
HK Police RPC Written Exam · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- 轉折詞
- 書面語中表示意思轉折的詞語，如「但」、「然而」、「其實」。閱讀理解時，轉折詞後的內容多為作者真正立場或重點。
- 口語與書面語
- 粵語口語詞如「咗」、「啲」、「佢」不宜寫入規範書面語文章。考試寫作應使用標準書面漢語，避免口語化表達。
- 褒貶色彩
- 成語有褒義、貶義或中性之分，例如「罄竹難書」只用於罪行，「汗牛充棟」只用於書籍。誤用會影響文意準確。
- Subject-verb agreement
- The rule that a singular subject takes a singular verb and a plural subject takes a plural verb. Indefinite pronouns such as everyone and each are singular.
- Affect vs effect
- Affect is usually a verb meaning to influence; effect is usually a noun meaning a result. Example: The policy affected the community; the effect was immediate.
- Dangling modifier
- A modifier that does not clearly refer to the word it is meant to describe, often at the start of a sentence. It creates confusion and should be corrected.
- Percentage change
- Calculated as (new value minus old value) divided by old value, multiplied by 100. A positive result is an increase; a negative result is a decrease.
- Mean, median, mode
- The mean is the sum divided by the count; the median is the middle value when ordered; the mode is the most frequent value. Each measures central tendency differently.
- Speed formula
- Speed equals distance divided by time. To convert km/h to m/s, multiply by 1000 and divide by 3600, approximately 0.2778.
- Compound interest
- Interest calculated on the initial principal and also on accumulated interest. The formula is principal times (1 plus rate) to the power of time, minus principal.
- Deductive validity
- An argument is valid if the conclusion must be true whenever the premises are true. Validity concerns logical form, not the actual truth of the premises.
- Ad hominem fallacy
- A fallacy that attacks the person making an argument rather than the argument itself. It does not address the merits of the claim.
- Necessary condition
- A condition that must be present for an event to occur. Without it, the event cannot happen, though its presence does not guarantee the event.
- Correlation and causation
- Correlation means two variables change together; causation means one causes the other. Correlation alone does not prove causation because of confounding factors.
- Basic Law
- The constitutional document of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. It establishes the 'one country, two systems' principle and guarantees rights and freedoms.
- Article 23
- A Basic Law provision requiring the HKSAR to enact laws on its own to prohibit acts that endanger national security, such as treason and sedition.
- Hong Kong National Security Law
- A 2020 law covering four categories of offences: secession, subversion, terrorist activities, and collusion with foreign forces. It also restricts bail in national security cases.
- Independent judicial power
- The HKSAR exercises independent judicial power, including final adjudication, except over acts of state. This is provided for in the Basic Law.
- Chief Executive
- The head of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The Chief Executive is accountable to the Central People's Government and the HKSAR.
- Executive Council
- A body that advises the Chief Executive on policy matters. Its members are appointed by the Chief Executive and assist in decision making.
- Legislative Council
- The legislature of the HKSAR. It enacts, amends, and repeals laws, and monitors the government. It currently has 90 members.
- District Councils
- Bodies established under the District Councils Ordinance to advise on district affairs and promote community participation. They are not law enforcement agencies.
- ICAC
- The Independent Commission Against Corruption investigates corruption offences in Hong Kong. It reports to the Chief Executive and operates independently of the police.
- Integrity in policing
- Police officers must refuse any offer of advantage, report the offer to a supervisor and the ICAC, and avoid accepting gifts, loans, or favours.
- Use of force
- Force used by police must be lawful, necessary, and proportionate. Officers should record the reasons for using force and the amount used.
- Arrest without warrant
- A police officer may arrest without warrant if there are reasonable grounds to suspect that an offence has been committed. The suspicion must be objectively reasonable.
- Caution
- A warning administered before questioning a suspect, informing them of the right to remain silent and to legal representation. It must be given before interview.
- Conflict of interest
- A situation where personal relationships or financial interests could affect an officer's duties. Officers must declare such interests to their supervisors.
- Confidentiality
- The duty not to disclose operational information or personal data except for lawful policing purposes. Breach can undermine investigations and public trust.
- Straw man fallacy
- Misrepresenting someone's argument to make it easier to attack. The distorted version is then refuted instead of the original claim.
- Syllogism
- A form of deductive reasoning with two premises and a conclusion. Example: All A are B; all B are C; therefore all A are C is valid.
- Data interpretation
- Reading and analysing information from tables, charts, and graphs. Check axes, units, and whether a graph starts at zero before comparing values.