ICC FM flashcards
ICC FM · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Fire tetrahedron
- Model of combustion with four components: fuel, oxygen, heat, and chemical chain reaction. Removing any component stops the fire.
- Flash point
- Minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off enough vapor to ignite when exposed to an ignition source under specified test conditions.
- Ignition temperature
- Minimum temperature at which a material will ignite and sustain combustion without an external ignition source.
- Class K fire
- Fire involving cooking oils and fats in commercial cooking equipment; requires wet chemical extinguishing agents.
- PASS technique
- Extinguisher operation: Pull the pin, Aim at the base of the fire, Squeeze the handle, Sweep side to side.
- Occupant load factor
- Floor area per occupant used to calculate occupant load; varies by use group and occupancy classification.
- Means of egress components
- Exit access, exit, and exit discharge; each has distinct code requirements for capacity, protection, and travel distance.
- Travel distance
- Measured along the path of travel from the most remote point to the nearest exit; limits vary by use group and sprinkler status.
- Fire-resistance rating
- Period of time an assembly maintains its fire separation function under standardized test conditions (ASTM E119 or UL 263).
- NFPA 13
- Standard for the installation of sprinkler systems; governs design, density, and acceptance testing.
- High-piled storage
- Storage over 12 feet in height; triggers specific sprinkler design criteria based on commodity class and rack configuration.
- Fire flow
- Rate of water supply needed for firefighting, estimated from construction, occupancy, and exposure factors.
- V-pattern
- Char pattern forming a V shape on a vertical surface, with the apex indicating the origin of the fire.
- Flashover
- Transition to full-room involvement when upper-layer temperatures reach roughly 1,100-1,200 F and heat flux at floor level exceeds about 20 kW/m2.
- Arc mapping
- Technique locating points where energized conductors arced; identifies electrical activity locations, not necessarily the fire origin.
- Negative corpus
- Declaring a fire cause without supporting evidence; discredited methodology. Undetermined is a valid classification.
- Chain of custody
- Documented record of evidence possession and transfer, ensuring integrity from collection through analysis.
- GC-MS
- Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; laboratory method for detecting ignitable liquid residues in fire debris samples.
- Home ignition zone
- Area around a structure divided into zones (0-5 ft, 5-30 ft, 30-100 ft) with escalating fuel treatment requirements.
- Ember cast
- Firebrands carried by wind ahead of the flame front; a dominant mechanism of home ignition in WUI fires.
- Defensible space
- Fuel-modified area around a structure that reduces radiant heat and provides safe access for firefighters.
- Firewise USA
- Recognition program requiring a community wildfire protection plan, annual renewal, and documented mitigation actions.
- Ready, Set, Go!
- Evacuation preparedness framework: Ready (prepare), Set (monitor), Go (evacuate immediately when notified).
- CWPP
- Community Wildfire Protection Plan; collaborative document identifying values at risk, fuel treatments, and evacuation routes.
- Structure triage
- WUI incident categorization of homes as defensible, non-defensible, or prep-and-hold based on access, fuel, and construction.
- Class A roof
- Roof assembly with the highest fire resistance rating, effective against firebrand ignition.
- Smoke alarm types
- Ionization alarms respond faster to flaming fires; photoelectric alarms respond faster to smoldering fires. Both are recommended.
- Two ways out
- Escape planning principle requiring two exits from every room and a practiced meeting place.
- Hot work permit
- Authorization for welding, cutting, or grinding, requiring area clearance, fire watch, and post-work monitoring.
- Standpipe classes
- Class I (2.5-inch for fire department), Class II (1.5-inch for occupants), Class III (both).
- Backdraft
- Rapid combustion when oxygen enters a ventilation-limited compartment with accumulated combustible gases.
- Prescribed fire
- Planned, controlled burning to reduce fuel loads and restore ecosystem health; requires permits and weather windows.