AP Police Constable flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Article 356

Constitutional provision allowing President's Rule in a State when constitutional machinery fails; parliamentary approval is required within two months of imposition.

Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita

New criminal code that replaced the Indian Penal Code from 1 July 2024, alongside the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam.

Repo rate

Rate at which the Reserve Bank of India lends short-term funds to commercial banks against securities; set by the six-member Monetary Policy Committee.

Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation

2014 Act that bifurcated Andhra Pradesh to create Telangana on 2 June 2014, with Hyderabad shared as capital for up to ten years.

Simple interest formula

Interest computed as principal multiplied by rate multiplied by time, divided by 100; principal stays constant each year unlike compound interest.

Successive percentage change

Net change from two successive changes of a percent and b percent equals a + b + ab/100 percent, with signs applied to increases and decreases.

Combined work time

If A alone takes x days and B alone takes y days, together they finish the work in xy/(x + y) days, since rates add.

Boat and stream

Downstream speed equals boat speed plus stream speed; upstream speed equals boat speed minus stream speed, so stream speed is half the difference.

Clock hand angle

Angle between hour and minute hands equals the absolute value of 30H minus 5.5M degrees, where H is hour and M is minutes.

Syllogism validity rule

A conclusion follows only if it is true in every possible Venn diagram consistent with the premises, not merely in one arrangement.

Alphabet reverse position

Reverse alphabetical position equals 27 minus the forward position, so A is 26 and Z is 1; useful in coding-decoding questions.

Direction displacement

When movements are at right angles, net displacement from the start is the square root of the sum of squares of the two perpendicular distances.

Ohm's law

Current through a conductor is directly proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance, expressed as V equals IR.

pH scale

Scale from 0 to 14 measuring hydrogen ion concentration; values below 7 are acidic, 7 neutral, and above 7 basic or alkaline.

Universal donor blood group

O negative red blood cells lack A, B and Rh D antigens, so they can be transfused to recipients of any ABO and Rh type.

Photosynthesis equation

Six carbon dioxide molecules plus six water molecules, using light energy and chlorophyll, yield one glucose molecule and six oxygen molecules.

Dandi March

1930 march led by Gandhi from Sabarmati to Dandi to make salt, launching the Civil Disobedience Movement against the salt law.

Article 32

Fundamental right to constitutional remedies empowering a person to move the Supreme Court directly for enforcement of Fundamental Rights.

Basic structure doctrine

Principle from Kesavananda Bharati (1973) that Parliament cannot amend the Constitution so as to destroy its essential features.

73rd Amendment

1992 constitutional amendment that gave Panchayati Raj institutions constitutional status and added Part IX and the Eleventh Schedule.

Standard Meridian of India

82 degrees 30 minutes east longitude, passing near Mirzapur, fixes Indian Standard Time as UTC plus five hours thirty minutes.

Peninsular west-flowing rivers

Narmada and Tapi flow west into the Arabian Sea through rift valleys, unlike most peninsular rivers that drain east.

GDP expenditure identity

Gross domestic product equals consumption plus investment plus government spending plus exports minus imports, measuring final output.

Fiscal deficit

Total government expenditure minus total receipts excluding borrowings; it indicates how much the government must borrow.

Subject-verb agreement trap

Intervening phrases such as 'of items' or 'along with friends' do not change the verb number; the actual subject decides singular or plural.

Present perfect tense

Formed with has or have plus past participle; it links a past action to the present, often with since, for, already or yet.

Passive voice formation

Object becomes subject, followed by the correct form of 'be' and the past participle, with the agent optionally introduced by 'by'.

Idiom: bolt from the blue

An entirely unexpected and shocking event, like lightning from a clear sky; used when bad news arrives without warning.

గుణింతం

హల్లు అక్షరానికి అచ్చు చేరడం వల్ల ఏర్పడే రూపం; ఉదా. క్ + ఆ = కా, క్ + ఇ = కి.

సవర్ణదీర్ఘ సంధి

సవర్ణ అచ్చుల తర్వాత సవర్ణ అచ్చు వచ్చినప్పుడు రెండూ కలిసి దీర్ఘం అవుతుంది; ఉదా. రామ + ఆలయం = రామాలయం.

నానార్థాలు

ఒకే పదానికి అనేక అర్థాలు ఉండటం; ఉదా. 'కరము' అనే పదానికి చేయి, పన్ను, కిరణం అనే అర్థాలు ఉన్నాయి.

పర్యాయపదాలు

ఒకే అర్థాన్ని తెలిపే వేర్వేరు పదాలు; ఉదా. నీటికి జలము, ఉదకము, తోయము అనే పర్యాయపదాలు ఉన్నాయి.