APPSC ASO flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Repo Rate

The interest rate at which the Reserve Bank of India lends short-term funds to commercial banks against government securities; it is a key monetary policy tool set by the Monetary Policy Committee.

CPI

Consumer Price Index measures retail inflation by tracking price changes in a representative basket of goods and services consumed by households; in India it is compiled by the National Statistical Office.

G20 Troika

The G20 Troika consists of the previous, current and next presidency holders. It ensures continuity of the G20 agenda across successive annual presidencies and supports planning of summits.

Andhra Pradesh Assembly

The Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly has 175 elected members. It is the lower house of the state legislature and frames state laws, passes budgets and holds the council of ministers accountable.

Satavahana dynasty

An ancient Indian dynasty that ruled the Deccan, including parts of present-day Andhra Pradesh, roughly from the first century BCE to the third century CE; it promoted Prakrit, Buddhism and trade.

Amaravati Stupa

A major Buddhist stupa site on the Krishna river in Andhra Pradesh, known for sculpted limestone panels and inscriptions. It flourished under the Satavahanas and is associated with Mahayana Buddhism.

Kuchipudi

A classical Indian dance form that originated in Kuchipudi village, Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh. It combines dance, music, drama and expressive storytelling, often performed in Telugu.

Sri Bagh Pact

A 1937 agreement between leaders of coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema that outlined safeguards and agreed to work for a separate Andhra province within the Madras Presidency.

Godavari River

India's second-longest river after the Ganga, rising near Nashik and flowing east through Maharashtra, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh before draining into the Bay of Bengal.

Eastern Ghats

A discontinuous mountain range running along India's eastern coast, including parts of Andhra Pradesh. It contains forested hills such as the Nallamala and Araku ranges and influences local rainfall.

Visakhapatnam Port

A natural deep-water port on the Bay of Bengal in Andhra Pradesh. It handles bulk cargo, containers and petroleum products and is among India's largest ports by cargo throughput.

Article 32

A fundamental right that allows individuals to approach the Supreme Court for enforcement of fundamental rights. The Supreme Court may issue writs such as habeas corpus, mandamus and certiorari.

Directive Principles

Guidelines in Part IV of the Indian Constitution, Articles 36 to 51, that direct state policy toward social and economic welfare. They are not enforceable in courts but fundamental in governance.

Money Bill

A bill dealing only with taxation, borrowing, the Consolidated Fund or related financial matters, certified by the Speaker. It can be introduced only in the Lok Sabha.

73rd Amendment

The constitutional amendment that gave panchayati raj institutions constitutional status, added Part IX and the Eleventh Schedule, and mandated three-tier panchayats with reserved seats.

Fiscal Deficit

The excess of total government expenditure over total receipts excluding borrowings. It indicates government borrowing requirement and is expressed as a percentage of gross domestic product.

CRR

Cash Reserve Ratio is the share of net demand and time liabilities that banks must keep as cash with the Reserve Bank of India; it earns no interest.

GST Council

A constitutional body under Article 279A that recommends rates, exemptions and administrative rules for the goods and services tax. It includes the Union Finance Minister and state finance ministers.

Biodiversity Hotspot

A region with exceptionally high species richness and endemism that has lost a large share of its original habitat. India has four: Western Ghats, Himalaya, Indo-Burma and Sundaland.

PM2.5

Airborne particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometres or less. It can penetrate deep into the lungs and bloodstream and is linked to respiratory and cardiovascular disease.

Blockchain

A distributed ledger in which records are grouped into blocks and linked cryptographically. Copies are shared across nodes, making tampering difficult without controlling most of the network.

Clock Angle Formula

The angle between the hour and minute hands is the absolute value of 30H minus 5.5M, where H is the hour and M the minutes. If it exceeds 180 degrees, subtract from 360.

Syllogism

A logical reasoning question type with premises and conclusions. A conclusion is valid only if it necessarily follows from the premises under all possible arrangements consistent with them.

Blood Relation

A reasoning problem that describes family relationships through statements or symbols. Candidates draw a family tree, mark gender and generations, and answer relationship questions accurately.

Simple Interest

Interest calculated only on the original principal for the full period. The formula is principal multiplied by rate multiplied by time divided by one hundred.

Compound Interest

Interest calculated on principal plus accumulated interest, so the amount grows exponentially. The amount formula is principal times one plus rate divided by frequency raised to time.

Average

The sum of all observations divided by the number of observations. If every value increases by a constant, the average increases by that same constant.

Subject-Verb Agreement

A grammatical rule requiring a verb to match its subject in number and person. Singular subjects take singular verbs, while plural subjects take plural verbs, except for special cases.

Active Voice

A sentence construction in which the subject performs the action, as in 'The clerk filed the report'. It is usually clearer and more direct than passive voice.

Idiom

A phrase whose meaning cannot be understood from the literal words, such as 'break the ice'. Idioms are fixed expressions and must be learned as whole units.

Ctrl+C

A standard keyboard shortcut that copies selected text or files to the clipboard without removing the original. The copied content can be pasted elsewhere with Ctrl+V.

E-office

A paperless office system that manages files, receipts, notes and approvals electronically. It supports workflow tracking, digital signatures and faster administrative processing in government offices.