Assam ASSEB HS Skill Advance Assamese flashcards

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অসমীয়া লিপি

The Assamese script, derived from Brahmi through Kamarupi. Its distinctive letters ৰ (ro) and ৱ (wo) do not occur in Bengali, and the script is written left to right with a head line.

স্বৰসন্ধি

Vowel sandhi, the joining of two vowels across a word boundary. Examples include অ+অ becoming আ and অ+ই becoming এ, as in ৰাম+অৱতাৰ → ৰামাৱতাৰ.

ব্যঞ্জনসন্ধি

Consonant sandhi, occurring when a consonant meets another sound. Rules govern whether a consonant is retained, doubled, or changed, as in সৎ+জন → সজ্জন.

কাৰক

Case in Assamese grammar. Nouns and pronouns take case endings for nominative, accusative, instrumental, dative, ablative, genitive, and locative functions.

বহুবচন

Plural marking. Assamese uses -বোৰ for inanimate nouns, -সকল or -সব for human nouns, and reduplication for distributives, as in ল'ৰাবোৰ and ছাত্ৰসকল.

তৎসম শব্দ

Words borrowed from Sanskrit without phonetic change, such as সূৰ্য, বিদ্যা, and ৰাজ্য. They dominate formal, literary, and technical registers of Assamese.

তদ্ভৱ শব্দ

Words descended from Sanskrit but changed by regular sound laws, such as গৰু from গো, and হাত from হস্ত. They form the everyday native core of Assamese.

বাগধাৰা

An idiom, a fixed expression whose meaning is not the sum of its parts. Assamese idioms such as হাতৰ পঞ্চা নহয় convey figurative meaning.

ফকৰা-যোজনা

Assamese proverbs and folk sayings, usually rhymed and traditional. They encode folk wisdom and are used in speech and in literary dialogue.

ধ্বন্যাত্মক শব্দ

Onomatopoeic words imitating natural sounds, such as খৰ্খৰ, টুপটুপ, and চিৰচিৰ. They add sensory vividness and are common in folk and descriptive writing.

সমাস

Compound formation in Assamese, following Sanskrit patterns: দ্বন্দ্ব, তৎপুৰুষ, কৰ্মধাৰয়, বহুব্ৰীহি, and দ্বিগু. Each type has distinct internal relations.

উপমা

Simile, a figure of speech comparing two things using words such as দৰে or নিচিনে. It is one of the অৰ্থালংকাৰ (sense figures) in classical criticism.

ৰূপক

Metaphor, an implied comparison without a comparative word. The vehicle is identified with the tenor, as in describing a face as the moon itself.

অনুপ্ৰাস

Alliteration, the repetition of the same consonant sound in close succession. It is classified as a শব্দালংকাৰ (sound figure) in Assamese poetics.

ৰস

The dominant aesthetic sentiment of a literary work. Classical theory recognises nine: শৃংগাৰ, হাস্য, কৰুণ, ৰৌদ্ৰ, বীৰ, ভয়ানক, বীভৎস, অদ্ভুত, and বাৎসল্য.

মূল ভাৱ

The central idea or thesis of a passage. Identifying it first guides comprehension questions, summary writing, and textual analysis of prose.

চৰ্যাপদ

The oldest surviving specimens of early Assamese and related eastern languages, composed roughly between the eighth and twelfth centuries. They are Buddhist mystical songs.

শ্ৰীমন্ত শংকৰদেৱ

Fifteenth–sixteenth century Assamese saint, reformer, and poet who founded Vaishnavism in Assam and composed Ankiya Naat, Borgeet, and devotional verse.

মাধৱদেৱ

Sankardeva's principal disciple and successor. He composed the নামঘোষা, a central devotional text of Assamese Vaishnavism, and consolidated the Sattra tradition.

বুৰঞ্জী

Assamese historical chronicles maintained by royal courts. They represent an early prose tradition unusual in medieval India and are important historical sources.

অৰুণোদয়

Regarded as the first Assamese newspaper, published in 1846 with support from the American Baptist Mission. It marks the beginning of modern Assamese prose.

জোনাকী যুগ

The Jonaki era of modern Assamese literature, named after the journal Jonaki (1889). It introduced romanticism and shaped modern prose and poetry.

লক্ষ্মীনাথ বেজবৰুৱা

Modern Assamese writer (1868–1938) who pioneered modern prose and verse, authored Burhi Aair Sadhu, and was a leading figure of the Jonaki era.

ধ্বনি তত্ত্ব

Classical theory holding that suggestion (ব্যঞ্জনা) is the soul of poetry. The meaning suggested to a sensitive reader is the highest level of literary meaning.

শব্দালংকাৰ

Sound figures of speech, including অনুপ্ৰাস and যমক. They operate through repetition or patterning of sounds rather than through semantic comparison.

অৰ্থালংকাৰ

Sense figures of speech, including উপমা, ৰূপক, and উৎপ্ৰেক্ষা. They depend on relations of meaning between the things compared or described.

ৰীতি

Style or diction in classical poetics. Assamese criticism distinguishes styles such as বৈদৰ্ভী and গৌড়ী and qualities such as মাধুৰ্য, ওজ, and প্ৰসাদ.

সাৰাংশ

A précis, a condensed restatement of a passage in about one-third of its length, in the writer's own words, retaining the central idea without quotation.

প্ৰতিবেদন

A report, written with a headline, dateline, and lead paragraph answering who, what, when, where, and why, followed by a factual body in third person.

আবেদনপত্ৰ

A formal letter of application or request. It includes sender and receiver addresses, date, subject line, salutation, body, closing, and signature.

ভাৱানুবাদ

Sense-for-sense translation. It renders the meaning and tone of the source in natural target-language syntax rather than following word order literally.

বিহু

The central Assamese festival, celebrated in three forms: ৰঙালী in spring, কাতি in autumn, and ভোগালী in winter. It shapes much folk literature and song.