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Assam ASSEB HSLC Garment Designing study materials
Assam ASSEB HSLC Garment Designing study resources

Assam ASSEB HSLC Garment Designing practice questions

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Question 1Introduction to Garment Designing and the Garment Industry

In garment manufacturing, what does the term 'pattern grading' refer to?

  1. Increasing or decreasing a base pattern to produce a range of standard sizes Correct answer.
  2. Adding seam allowance to a pattern before cutting the fabric
  3. Selecting the correct fabric for a design
  4. Tracing a pattern onto fabric with tailor's chalk

Explanation

Grading takes a single base pattern, usually made in a mid or sample size, and systematically increases or decreases it to create the other sizes in a size range. The key is that proportions are adjusted according to a size chart, not simply scaled up by eye. It is a distinct step from adding seam allowance or marking fabric.

Question 2Introduction to Garment Designing and the Garment Industry

Which body measurement is most essential when drafting the basic bodice block for a woman's upper garment?

  1. Inseam length
  2. Wrist circumference
  3. Ankle circumference
  4. Bust circumference Correct answer.

Explanation

The bodice block covers the torso from shoulder to waist, so bust circumference is the primary measurement used to calculate darts, armhole depth and ease. Inseam, ankle and wrist measurements belong to trouser and sleeve drafting respectively. Getting the bust measurement right is fundamental because the whole upper-body draft is built around it.

Question 3Introduction to Garment Designing and the Garment Industry

A designer wants a fabric with a soft drape and good breathability for a summer kurta. Which fibre choice best meets these needs?

  1. Nylon
  2. Cotton Correct answer.
  3. Polyester
  4. Polyvinyl chloride

Explanation

Cotton is a natural cellulosic fibre that absorbs moisture and allows air movement, giving breathable comfort in hot weather, and it drapes softly in light weights. Polyester, nylon and PVC are synthetic fibres that tend to trap heat and feel less breathable. For a summer kurta, cotton therefore matches the stated requirements most closely.

Question 4Introduction to Garment Designing and the Garment Industry

What is the main purpose of a 'toile' (muslin) in garment design?

  1. To serve as the label showing care instructions
  2. To print the design motif onto the finished garment
  3. To test the fit and fall of a design in inexpensive fabric before cutting the final cloth Correct answer.
  4. To provide the final lining for a finished jacket

Explanation

A toile is a trial garment made in a cheap, usually plain fabric so the designer can check fit, proportion and drape and correct the pattern. Errors are fixed on the toile before the expensive final fabric is cut. It is a development tool, not part of the finished garment.

Question 5Introduction to Garment Designing and the Garment Industry

In the garment industry, which sequence correctly represents the typical order of production stages?

  1. Pattern making, finishing, design, sewing, cutting
  2. Design, pattern making, cutting, sewing, finishing Correct answer.
  3. Sewing, cutting, design, pattern making, finishing
  4. Cutting, design, finishing, pattern making, sewing

Explanation

Production normally begins with the design concept, which is translated into patterns, then fabric is cut, the pieces are sewn, and the garment is finished and inspected. Each stage depends on the output of the previous one, so the order is fixed. Any sequence that places cutting or sewing before design and pattern making cannot work in practice.

Question 6Introduction to Garment Designing and the Garment Industry

A pattern piece is drafted without seam allowance. What must the cutter do before placing it on fabric for a garment sewn with a 1 cm seam?

  1. Add 1 cm only to the centre front edge
  2. Reduce the pattern by 1 cm on every edge
  3. Add 1 cm around all seam edges before cutting Correct answer.
  4. Cut exactly on the pattern line with no extra fabric

Explanation

Seam allowance is the extra fabric beyond the stitching line that allows the garment to be joined and finished. If the pattern is drafted to the stitching line, the cutter must add the allowance around every edge that will be seamed. Adding it to only one edge would leave other seams too narrow.

Question 7Introduction to Garment Designing and the Garment Industry

Which tool is specifically designed for transferring pattern markings such as darts and pocket positions onto fabric?

  1. Pinking shears
  2. Tailor's chalk or a tracing wheel Correct answer.
  3. Seam ripper
  4. Rotary cutter

Explanation

Tailor's chalk and tracing wheels are used to mark construction points like dart ends and pocket placement from the pattern onto the fabric. Pinking shears cut a zigzag edge to reduce fraying, a rotary cutter slices fabric, and a seam ripper removes stitches. None of those transfer pattern markings.

Question 8Introduction to Garment Designing and the Garment Industry

Why is fabric usually folded with the right sides together and the pattern placed on the fold for symmetrical pieces such as a bodice front?

  1. To make the seam allowance wider on one side
  2. To ensure the cut piece is symmetrical and mirrored on both sides Correct answer.
  3. To prevent the fabric from shrinking after washing
  4. To save time when sewing the side seams

Explanation

Placing a half pattern on the folded fabric means the cut piece opens out as a single symmetrical shape, with both halves mirroring each other. This avoids mismatched sides and centre lines. It does not affect shrinkage, seam width, or sewing speed in the way described.

Question 9Introduction to Garment Designing and the Garment Industry

A factory must produce 1,200 shirts in a month. Which practice most improves fabric utilisation and reduces waste?

  1. Cutting all pieces on the bias regardless of style
  2. Cutting each shirt individually from a fresh length of fabric
  3. Arranging pattern pieces in a marker to fit closely together before cutting Correct answer.
  4. Adding extra seam allowance to every piece

Explanation

A marker is a cutting layout in which pattern pieces are nested closely to use the fabric area efficiently. Careful marker planning reduces the leftover scraps between pieces and lowers cost per garment. Individual cutting, oversized allowances and unnecessary bias cutting all increase waste.

Question 10Introduction to Garment Designing and the Garment Industry

Which type of weave is produced by passing the weft yarn alternately over and under one warp yarn, giving a strong, firm fabric such as calico?

  1. Twill weave
  2. Satin weave
  3. Plain weave Correct answer.
  4. Pile weave

Explanation

Plain weave is the simplest interlacing, with each weft thread crossing alternately over and under each warp thread, which produces a firm, stable cloth like calico or muslin. Twill creates diagonal lines, satin floats yarns for shine, and pile weave raises loops or cut tufts. The alternating over-under structure described is plain weave.

Question 11Introduction to Garment Designing and the Garment Industry

In fashion illustration, why are croquis figures usually drawn with exaggerated proportions such as a longer leg and smaller head?

  1. To reduce the amount of paper needed for the sketch
  2. To convey the stylised ideal of fashion design rather than realistic body proportions Correct answer.
  3. To show the exact seam allowances of the garment
  4. To reflect accurate human anatomical measurements

Explanation

Fashion croquis are deliberately elongated and stylised so that garments read clearly and the design looks elegant on the page. They are not intended as anatomical or technical drawings. Accurate proportions and seam details belong to technical flats or pattern drafts, not to the fashion croquis.

Question 12Introduction to Garment Designing and the Garment Industry

A brand wants a low-cost, high-volume line of school uniforms with consistent colour and easy care. Which fabric decision best supports this goal?

  1. Hand-woven silk in natural dye
  2. Pure linen in an undyed natural shade
  3. Hand-embroidered cotton voile
  4. Blended polyester-cotton in a standardised dye lot Correct answer.

Explanation

A polyester-cotton blend is durable, resists creasing, washes easily and can be dyed to a consistent standard colour, which suits low-cost uniform production in large quantities. Silk, pure linen and embroidered voile are costly and harder to maintain or reproduce uniformly. The blend therefore matches the stated cost, consistency and care requirements.

Question 13Introduction to Garment Designing and the Garment Industry

Which document sent to a garment manufacturer specifies the measurements, materials, construction details and finishing for a style?

  1. Purchase order
  2. Bank guarantee
  3. Tech pack Correct answer.
  4. Shipping bill

Explanation

A tech pack is the technical specification package that tells the manufacturer exactly how a style must be made, including measurement charts, fabric and trim details, construction notes and finishing requirements. A purchase order confirms commercial terms, while a bank guarantee and shipping bill are financial and export documents. Only the tech pack carries the construction specification.

Question 14Introduction to Garment Designing and the Garment Industry

A designer notices that a bias-cut skirt hangs closer to the body than the same pattern cut on the straight grain. What is the best explanation?

  1. Bias-cut fabric is always heavier than straight-grain fabric
  2. Straight-grain fabric shrinks more during sewing
  3. Bias cutting removes the need for any seam allowance
  4. Fabric stretches along the bias, so the garment elongates and moulds to the body Correct answer.

Explanation

The bias runs at 45 degrees to the warp and weft, the direction in which woven fabric has the greatest stretch. A bias-cut panel therefore elongates and clings, producing the characteristic fluid drape. This is a property of grain direction, not of seam allowance, weight or sewing shrinkage.

Question 15Introduction to Garment Designing and the Garment Industry

A factory's sample passes measurement checks but customers report that armholes restrict movement. Which analysis is most appropriate?

  1. The care label uses the wrong fibre name
  2. The armhole depth or ease in the pattern is insufficient for movement Correct answer.
  3. The fabric colour is incorrect for the season
  4. The marker layout wastes too much fabric

Explanation

If measurements match the specification yet wearers cannot move freely, the problem lies in the functional design of the pattern rather than in measurement accuracy. Armhole depth, sleeve cap height and the amount of ease determine how much the arm can lift and rotate. Colour, labelling and marker efficiency do not affect movement.

Question 16Introduction to Garment Designing and the Garment Industry

A small label wants to reduce overproduction while still offering many sizes. Which approach best balances these aims?

  1. Discard the base pattern and draft each size from scratch
  2. Produce every size in equal large quantities
  3. Use a graded size range with made-to-order or limited runs for slower-selling sizes Correct answer.
  4. Avoid grading and offer a single unisex size only

Explanation

Grading from a base pattern keeps the size range consistent, while made-to-order or limited production of slow sellers prevents unsold stock. Producing all sizes in large equal quantities ignores demand differences and creates waste. A single size or redrafting every size separately sacrifices fit consistency and efficiency.

Question 17Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

Before cutting the fabric for a cotton kurta, a tailor places the pattern pieces on the cloth and checks that the grain line arrow runs parallel to the selvedge. Why is this alignment important in garment construction?

  1. It makes the seam allowance wider on the side seams
  2. It allows the tailor to use less fabric than the pattern envelope recommends
  3. It keeps the woven grain of the finished garment straight so the kurta hangs correctly and does not twist after washing Correct answer.
  4. It prevents the fabric from fraying along the cut edges during stitching

Explanation

The grain line arrow on a pattern must be placed parallel to the selvedge so the lengthwise grain of the woven fabric runs vertically through the garment. If the pattern is tilted, the finished piece skews and the garment twists or hangs unevenly after washing. Correct grain alignment is therefore a fitting and durability issue, not a fabric-economy or seam-width issue.

Question 18Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

A student is asked to measure the body accurately before drafting a blouse pattern. Which measuring tape condition gives the most reliable readings?

  1. A stiff metal ruler pressed firmly into the waist
  2. A tape held loosely so that two fingers fit under it
  3. A flexible non-stretch tape held snug but not tight against the body Correct answer.
  4. A tape that has stretched and softened with long use

Explanation

A good measuring tape is flexible so it follows body curves, but it must not stretch, because a stretched tape records a larger measurement than the true body size. It should sit snug and level without compressing the body. Metal rulers cannot follow curves, and a loose tape adds extra length to every reading.

Question 19Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

While hand-sewing a hem, a student keeps the needle between the thumb and forefinger and pushes it through the fabric with a thimble on the middle finger. What is the main safety benefit of using a thimble in this way?

  1. It sharpens the needle automatically as it passes through the cloth
  2. It protects the fingertip from needle pricks and gives a firm push through thick fabric Correct answer.
  3. It replaces the need for a knot at the start of the stitching
  4. It keeps the thread from tangling under the fabric

Explanation

A thimble is a small metal or plastic cap worn on the finger that pushes the needle. It shields the skin from the needle eye and lets the sewer apply firm pressure through dense fabric without injury. It has no effect on thread tension, needle sharpness, or knotting.

Question 20Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

In the garment construction room, which practice best prevents accidents when using electrically powered sewing machines?

  1. Wiping the machine with a wet cloth while it is still switched on
  2. Resting scissors and pins on the machine bed beside the needle
  3. Switching off and unplugging the machine before cleaning the bobbin area or changing the needle Correct answer.
  4. Leaving the machine running while the operator steps away to fetch thread

Explanation

The safe routine before any maintenance, such as clearing lint from the bobbin case or changing a needle, is to switch off the machine and remove the plug. This removes the risk of the motor starting if the foot pedal is accidentally pressed. Tools should also be kept off the machine bed, and electrical parts should never be wiped with a wet cloth.

Question 21Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

A candidate is asked to name the small tool used to open buttonholes and cut short threads close to the fabric without damaging the stitches. Which tool is intended for this job?

  1. Pinking shears
  2. Tailor's chalk
  3. Seam ripper Correct answer.
  4. Tracing wheel

Explanation

A seam ripper has a small sharp point and a tiny blade designed to slip under stitches and cut them, and it is also used to open buttonholes and trim short thread ends. Pinking shears cut a zigzag edge to limit fraying, chalk marks fabric, and a tracing wheel transfers pattern lines.

Question 22Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

Which item of protective equipment is most relevant when a student is pressing a cotton seam with a steam iron during garment construction?

  1. Heat-resistant pad under the iron and care with the steam and hot soleplate Correct answer.
  2. Ear plugs
  3. Dust mask
  4. Safety goggles

Explanation

The main hazards at the pressing station are the hot soleplate, hot steam, and burns from touching the iron or resting it on the fabric. A heat-resistant stand or pad protects the work surface, and the operator must keep hands clear of steam and the soleplate. Goggles, ear plugs, and dust masks address hazards that do not arise at a normal ironing station.

Question 23Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

A student is drafting a sleeve pattern and needs to mark a smooth curve for the armhole. Which tool is most appropriate for drawing that curve accurately on pattern paper?

  1. Rotary cutter
  2. French curve Correct answer.
  3. Bodkin
  4. Awl

Explanation

A French curve is a shaped drafting template with several curved edges, used to draw smooth armhole, neckline, and hip curves on pattern paper. A rotary cutter is a fabric-cutting blade, a bodkin threads elastic or tape through a casing, and an awl makes holes or guides fabric under the machine foot.

Question 24Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

During stitching, a machine needle repeatedly breaks. Which combination of causes should the operator check first?

  1. The presser foot pressure is too light
  2. The bobbin has been wound with too little thread
  3. The needle is bent or blunt, is too fine for the fabric, or is striking the bobbin case Correct answer.
  4. The thread is the wrong colour for the fabric

Explanation

Needle breakage usually points to a mechanical mismatch: a bent or blunt needle, a needle too fine for the fabric weight, or the needle hitting the bobbin case or presser foot because timing or needle position is wrong. The operator should replace the needle, match its size to the fabric, and check that it clears the plate. Thread colour and bobbin fill level do not snap needles.

Question 25Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

A pattern envelope states that the design has a 1.5 cm seam allowance included. The tailor prefers a 2 cm side seam for later alteration. What must the tailor do when cutting the side seam?

  1. Reduce the seam allowance to 1 cm to save fabric
  2. Cut 1.5 cm inside the printed line
  3. Cut exactly on the printed cutting line and ignore the difference
  4. Add an extra 0.5 cm outside the printed cutting line at the side seam Correct answer.

Explanation

When a pattern already includes a seam allowance, extra width for a wider seam must be added outside the printed cutting line. Adding 0.5 cm at the side seam converts the included 1.5 cm allowance into the desired 2 cm. Cutting on the line keeps 1.5 cm, and cutting inside reduces it.

Question 26Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

Which practice best reduces the risk of a needle injury when pins are used to hold pattern pieces and fabric layers together?

  1. Placing pins in a pin cushion and keeping them out of the stitching path Correct answer.
  2. Holding pins in the mouth while adjusting the fabric
  3. Pushing pins through the fabric with the palm of the hand
  4. Leaving pins scattered on the floor near the cutting table

Explanation

Pins should be stored in a pin cushion or magnetic holder and placed so they lie clear of the line the needle will follow. Pins in the mouth risk swallowing or inhaling, pins on the floor cause foot injuries, and pushing pins with the palm risks pricking the hand. Removing pins before the needle reaches them also protects the machine.

Question 27Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

A student must transfer a dart position from a paper pattern to a dark cotton fabric without leaving a permanent mark. Which method is most suitable?

  1. Using tailor's chalk or a washable marking pencil on the wrong side Correct answer.
  2. Marking with a hot iron crease only
  3. Scoring the fabric with the point of the scissors
  4. Marking with a permanent marker pen

Explanation

Darts and other construction marks should be transferred with a removable medium such as tailor's chalk, a washable marking pencil, or tailor's tacks. These show on the wrong side and can be brushed or washed away. Permanent ink and scissor scoring damage the fabric, and a crease alone cannot show a dart point precisely.

Question 28Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

Why should a sewing machine needle be changed after sewing a heavy denim project before starting on fine silk?

  1. A needle used on denim becomes blunt and its point may burr, so it snags fine fabric and pulls threads Correct answer.
  2. The needle absorbs the blue dye and transfers it to the silk
  3. A used needle sews faster than a new one
  4. Needles must be changed only when the thread runs out

Explanation

Sewing dense fabric dulls and can burr the needle point, and a damaged point catches fine fibres, causing pulls, skipped stitches, and holes in lightweight cloth. Matching a fresh, finer needle to silk protects the fabric and gives clean stitches. Needle condition, not dye transfer or speed, is the reason for the change.

Question 29Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

A pair of dressmaking shears has been used to cut paper patterns and now cuts fabric poorly. What is the most likely explanation?

  1. The shears have become magnetised by the pattern paper
  2. The fabric is too new to be cut by any shears
  3. Cutting paper dulls the blades, so they should be reserved for fabric and sharpened Correct answer.
  4. The shears were stored in a closed box

Explanation

Paper fibres contain minerals that quickly dull a finely honed fabric blade. Dressmaking shears should be kept exclusively for cloth and sharpened professionally when they drag. Pattern paper should be cut with separate paper scissors so the fabric shears stay sharp.

Question 30Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

When laying out a pattern with a directional print, such as a one-way floral, what layout rule must the cutter follow?

  1. Cut every piece on the bias to make the print stand out
  2. Turn alternate pieces upside down to save fabric
  3. Place all pattern pieces in the same direction along the fabric so the motifs run the same way on every piece Correct answer.
  4. Ignore the print and follow only the grain line

Explanation

With a one-way or directional print, every pattern piece must be laid in the same orientation, usually with the top of the pattern toward the same end of the fabric. Otherwise motifs on one piece run upside down relative to another, which is visible in the finished garment. Saving fabric by flipping pieces is not acceptable with directional designs.

Question 31Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

A student notices that the lower looper thread of an overlock machine keeps breaking. Which check is most likely to reveal the cause?

  1. The needle plate has been cleaned
  2. The thread is incorrectly threaded or the looper tension is set too tight Correct answer.
  3. The fabric has been pressed before overlocking
  4. The machine has been oiled recently

Explanation

Looper thread breakage on an overlock is usually caused by misthreading along the looper path or by excessive looper tension pulling the thread until it snaps. Re-threading in the correct sequence and loosening the tension usually solves it. Pressing, oiling, and cleaning do not cause thread breakage.

Question 32Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

In a school sewing room, which arrangement best meets basic fire safety requirements around irons and electrical machines?

  1. Keeping a fire extinguisher or sand bucket nearby and switching off irons at the socket after use Correct answer.
  2. Using an iron with a frayed cord as long as it still heats
  3. Storing flammable fabric scraps next to the ironing board for convenience
  4. Blocking the exit with fabric rolls to keep the floor clear

Explanation

Fire safety in a sewing room depends on removing ignition sources and fuel together: irons must be switched off and unplugged after use, and suitable extinguishing equipment must be accessible. Flammable scraps should be kept away from hot equipment, damaged cords must be replaced, and exits must stay unobstructed.

Question 33Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

A candidate is matching a machine needle size to fabric weight. Which pairing is correct for a medium-weight cotton shirting?

  1. Size 9/70 needle with a light polyester thread
  2. Size 18/110 needle with a heavy topstitching thread
  3. Size 14/90 needle with an all-purpose polyester thread Correct answer.
  4. Size 7/60 needle with a fine silk thread

Explanation

Medium-weight woven cotton such as shirting is normally sewn with a size 14/90 needle and standard all-purpose thread. The needle should be strong enough not to bend in the cloth but fine enough not to leave large holes. Very fine needles suit lightweight fabrics, and very heavy needles suit denim or canvas.

Question 34Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

A pattern includes a note reading 'cut 2 on fold' for the front bodice. What does this instruction require the cutter to do?

  1. Cut two separate pieces from the flat fabric, each with its own seam allowance at the centre
  2. Place the pattern edge marked 'place on fold' on the folded edge of the fabric and cut through both layers to produce one symmetrical piece Correct answer.
  3. Cut one piece on the bias and one on the straight grain
  4. Fold the pattern paper in half and cut along the fold line

Explanation

'Cut 2 on fold' means the pattern piece is placed with its fold edge on a folded edge of fabric, and cutting around it through both layers yields a single symmetrical piece with no seam at the centre. The '2' refers to the two fabric layers being cut together, not to two separate pieces. This produces a bodice front with a continuous centre.

Question 35Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

A student is using a steam iron to press a wool jacket seam. Which technique best avoids shine and a pressed-in crease on the right side?

  1. Pressing over a damp pressing cloth with the iron lifted and lowered rather than slid Correct answer.
  2. Ironing the seam open with the iron set to the highest steam setting without a cloth
  3. Pressing directly on the right side with a hot dry iron and heavy pressure
  4. Sliding the iron back and forth quickly across the seam

Explanation

Wool is protected by a damp pressing cloth, and the iron should be lifted and lowered onto the seam rather than slid, which stretches and shines the fibres. This sets the stitches without flattening the fabric surface. Direct high heat, heavy pressure, or sliding produces shine and distortion.

Question 36Tools, Equipment and Safety Practices in Garment Construction

A sewing machine leaves a row of skipped stitches on a stretch knit. Which diagnosis and remedy is most appropriate?

  1. The bobbin is empty; wind a new bobbin without changing anything else
  2. The fabric is too dark; use a lighter thread
  3. The machine is too old; replace the machine
  4. The needle is too fine or blunt and the thread tension is wrong; change to a ballpoint needle of suitable size and re-set the tension Correct answer.

Explanation

Skipped stitches on knit fabric commonly result from a needle that is too fine or blunt or from incorrect thread tension, so the needle should be replaced with a ballpoint needle of suitable size and the tension re-set. A ballpoint needle pushes between knit loops instead of cutting them. Bobbin fill, thread colour, and machine age do not explain skipped stitches.

Question 37Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Which fibre is obtained from the stem of a plant and is therefore classified as a bast fibre?

  1. Jute Correct answer.
  2. Silk
  3. Wool
  4. Cotton

Explanation

Bast fibres are taken from the phloem or stem region of dicotyledonous plants. Jute is a classic bast fibre, extracted from the stem of Corchorus plants, and is widely used for sacking and hessian in Assam's textile sector.

Question 38Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

A fabric sample burns with a smell of burning hair and leaves a crushable black ash. Which fibre is most likely present?

  1. Cotton
  2. Wool Correct answer.
  3. Polyester
  4. Jute

Explanation

Protein fibres such as wool and silk char and smell of burning hair or feathers because of their nitrogen and sulphur content, leaving a crushable bead or ash. Cotton smells of burning paper, while polyester melts and forms a hard bead.

Question 39Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Which of these is a regenerated cellulosic fibre produced by dissolving wood pulp and extruding it into a coagulating bath?

  1. Viscose rayon Correct answer.
  2. Flax
  3. Acrylic
  4. Nylon

Explanation

Regenerated fibres are made by dissolving a natural polymer and reforming it. Viscose rayon dissolves cellulose pulp in alkali and carbon disulphide, then spins the solution into an acid bath to regenerate cellulose filaments.

Question 40Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

In the yarn numbering system, what does a higher cotton count (Ne) indicate about the yarn?

  1. Heavier yarn
  2. Finer yarn Correct answer.
  3. Coarser yarn
  4. Thicker yarn

Explanation

Cotton count is an indirect system in which the number states how many hanks of 840 yards weigh one pound. A higher Ne therefore means more length per unit weight, which corresponds to a finer yarn.

Question 41Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Which weave produces a fabric with a smooth face and a duller back because of long floats formed by interlacing one warp thread over several weft threads?

  1. Plain weave
  2. Satin weave Correct answer.
  3. Rib weave
  4. Basket weave

Explanation

Satin weave floats a warp yarn over four or more weft yarns before interlacing, giving a lustrous, smooth surface on the float side and a duller reverse. The long floats reflect light strongly, which creates the characteristic sheen.

Question 42Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Which natural fibre is a continuous filament that requires no spinning before it can be woven?

  1. Flax
  2. Jute
  3. Silk Correct answer.
  4. Cotton

Explanation

Silk is produced by the silkworm as a continuous filament that can be reeled directly from the cocoon. All the other fibres listed are short staple fibres that must be spun into yarn before weaving.

Question 43Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Which property of a fabric describes its ability to return to its original shape after being stretched?

  1. Drape
  2. Absorbency
  3. Tenacity
  4. Elastic recovery Correct answer.

Explanation

Elastic recovery is the capacity of a fibre or fabric to return to its original dimensions after a stretching force is removed. Fibres such as wool and elastane show high recovery, while cotton and viscose recover poorly.

Question 44Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

A spinner blends polyester with cotton. Which main advantage does this blend give to a shirting fabric?

  1. Complete resistance to all staining
  2. Elimination of the need for any finishing
  3. Improved crease resistance with retained moisture absorbency Correct answer.
  4. Full biodegradability of the whole blend

Explanation

Blending polyester with cotton combines the crease recovery and strength of polyester with the absorbency and comfort of cotton. The result is a durable, easy-care shirting fabric that still feels wearable next to the skin.

Question 45Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

A yarn is described as 30s Ne. What does the 's' in this designation indicate?

  1. It is a woollen count measured in yards
  2. It is a plied yarn with two strands
  3. It is a filament yarn measured in denier
  4. It is a single yarn in the cotton count system Correct answer.

Explanation

In the cotton count system the suffix 's' denotes the count number, and a single figure indicates a single yarn. A plied yarn would be written with two figures such as 30s/2 to show the number of strands.

Question 46Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

During weaving, which mechanism lifts selected warp threads to form the shed through which the weft passes?

  1. Take-up roller
  2. Heald shaft Correct answer.
  3. Reed
  4. Shuttle

Explanation

The heald shaft, or harness, carries the heald wires with mail eyes through which warp ends are threaded. Raising or lowering these shafts separates the warp into two layers and creates the shed for weft insertion.

Question 47Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Which yarn production route gives a smoother, stronger yarn by combing out short fibres before spinning?

  1. Combed yarn Correct answer.
  2. Slub yarn
  3. Open-end yarn
  4. Carded yarn

Explanation

Combing removes short fibres and impurities and aligns the remaining long fibres parallel. The resulting combed yarn is smoother, stronger and more lustrous than a carded yarn spun without that extra step.

Question 48Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

A plain weave fabric is found to have 40 ends per inch and 30 picks per inch. Which statement about the fabric is correct?

  1. The warp is denser than the weft Correct answer.
  2. The fabric must be a satin
  3. The warp and weft are equally dense
  4. The weft is denser than the warp

Explanation

Ends per inch count the warp threads, while picks per inch count the weft threads. With 40 ends against 30 picks, the warp sett is higher, so the warp is denser than the weft.

Question 49Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Why is mercerisation applied to cotton yarn or fabric?

  1. To increase lustre, strength and dye uptake Correct answer.
  2. To remove all natural colour
  3. To shrink the fabric deliberately
  4. To make the cotton flameproof permanently

Explanation

Mercerisation treats cotton under tension with strong caustic soda, which swells the fibre and alters its internal structure. This raises lustre, tensile strength and affinity for dye, giving a smoother and more receptive cotton.

Question 50Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Which fibre property makes wool garments warm in cold weather?

  1. Its smooth continuous filament surface
  2. Its crimped structure traps still air Correct answer.
  3. Its very low moisture regain
  4. Its high thermal conductivity

Explanation

Wool fibres are crimped and springy, so they trap many small pockets of still air within the yarn and fabric. Still air is a poor conductor of heat, so these pockets insulate the wearer and retain body warmth.