Taddhita, Kridanta and Stripratyaya
Taddhita, Kridanta and Stripratyaya
This domain tests derivational suffixes: taddhita changes a base into a new noun/adjective; kṛt derives from roots; strīpratyaya makes feminine stems.
Taddhita
- Apatya: descendant - upagu → aupagavaḥ; daśaratha → dāśarathiḥ.
- Matvarthīya: possession - buddhi + matup → buddhimān.
- Gotra and other taddhitas: garga → gārgyaḥ.
Kṛdanta
- kta: bhū → bhūtaḥ; paṭh → paṭhitaḥ.
- ktavatu: kṛ → kṛtavān.
- tṛc: kṛ → kartā; dā → dātā.
- ṇvul: kṛ → kārakaḥ.
Strīpratyaya
- ṅīp: rājan → rājñī; buddhimat → buddhimatī; kumāra → kumārī.
- ṭāp: used in many feminine nouns, e.g. latā.
- The suffix is chosen by the base and meaning, not by adding -ī at will.
Worked example buddhimān. Base buddhi + taddhita matup, meaning possession. In masculine prathamā-eka-vacana the suffix appears as -mān: buddhi + mān = buddhimān, possessing intelligence. Feminine takes ṅīp: buddhimatī. The change is derivational, so the word is not simply a compound.
Traps
- Confusing taddhita with kṛt.
- Forgetting matup allomorphy (mān/matī/mat).
- Adding a feminine suffix to a masculine form.
- Ignoring the meaning change.