BSEH Secondary Sanskrit study plan
BSEH Secondary Sanskrit · Give each week a clear focus.
8 weeks · About 7 hours per week
Sanskrit Grammar: Sandhi and Word Formation
Memorise the sandhi rules of vowel junction (svara sandhi) and recite the twelve rules of ach sandhi with their sutras
Apply each of the twelve ach sandhi rules to at least five pairs of words and write the joined form with its vigraha
Practise visarga sandhi rules (the eight visarga sandhi types) by deriving forms such as rāmah + katham, and write each result with the rule name
Apply consonant junction (hal sandhi) rules, including the treatment of anusvāra and the parasavarṇa rule, to twenty word pairs
Explain the concept of pragṛhya and the optional sandhi forms that appear in verse
Your checkpoint
A handwritten sandhi notebook containing 150 worked examples, each with the original pair, the joined form, the vigraha, and the name of the rule applied
Sanskrit Grammar: Sandhi and Word Formation & Sanskrit Grammar: Noun and Pronoun Declension (Shabda Rupa)
Complete the sandhi rules involving 'a' (savarṇa dīrgha, guṇa, vṛddhi) with ten examples each, and explain how guṇa and vṛddhi differ
Derive the sandhi forms of the prefixes and particles most common in prose (na, ni, vi, pra, upa, sam) when joined to verbs
Recite the noun declension (śabdarūpa) of a-stem masculine rāma and a-stem neuter phala in all eight cases and three numbers
Recite the declension of ā-stem feminine latā and i-stem masculine kavi in all cases and numbers
Write the correct case form of ten given nouns inside short sentences
Your checkpoint
A written test of 40 sandhi derivations and 30 declension forms, self-marked, with every error corrected and the correct rule noted
Sanskrit Grammar: Noun and Pronoun Declension (Shabda Rupa)
Recite the declension of u-stem masculine guru, u-stem feminine dhenu, and i-stem feminine mati
Recite the declension of ṛ-stem nouns (pitṛ, mātṛ) and the -in ending nouns (muni, balin)
Recite the declension of the pronouns tad (tat), etad, idam, and asmad and yuṣmad in all cases
Recite the declension of the relative-correlative pronouns yad and tad and use them in pairs in sentences
Form the comparative and superlative degrees (tara, tama, and the irregular forms like śreyas and jyeṣṭha) and use each in a sentence
Your checkpoint
A complete declension chart book for the ten required noun types and four pronoun types, written from memory, checked against a standard grammar
Sanskrit Grammar: Verb Conjugation (Tinanta) and Kridanta Forms
Conjugate the ten gaṇa verbs in the present tense (laṭ) in parasmaipada and ātmanepada, active and passive, in all three persons and numbers
Conjugate the root as (to be) and the root kṛ (to do) in the present, imperfect, and imperative
Learn the distinction between parasmaipada and ātmanepada and apply it correctly to twenty verbs
Conjugate the optative (vidhiliṅ) and imperative (loṭ) of five common roots
Apply the guṇa and vṛddhi strengthening rules to roots before endings
Your checkpoint
A conjugation table for ten roots across the present, imperfect, imperative, and optative, written from memory, plus 25 correct verb forms in sentences
Sanskrit Grammar: Verb Conjugation (Tinanta) and Kridanta Forms & Sanskrit Grammar: Samasa (Compound Words) and Karaka/Vibhakti Usage
Form the past tense (laṅ), the perfect (liṭ) of five common roots, and the future (lṛṭ) and conditional (lṛṅ) of five roots
Form and identify the past passive participle (kta) and the potential passive participle (kṛtya, kārya, and the -ya and -tavya forms) for twenty verbs
Form and identify the present participle (śatṛ and śānac) and use them in sentences
Identify and classify all six kinds of samāsa (tatpuruṣa, karmadhāraya, dvigu, dvandva, bahuvrīhi, avyayībhāva) in twenty given compounds
Expand each classified compound into its vigraha and state the compound type
Your checkpoint
A compound-analysis sheet of 50 compounds, each with its vigraha, its type, and its rule, plus a table of 30 kṛdanta forms with their meanings
Sanskrit Grammar: Samasa (Compound Words) and Karaka/Vibhakti Usage & Translation: Sanskrit to Hindi/English and Hindi/English to Sanskrit
Identify the six kārakas (kartā, karma, karaṇa, sampradāna, apādāna, adhikaraṇa) in 30 sentences and name the vibhakti that marks each
Apply the rules for the use of the cases, including the genitive and locative uses and the vocative
Translate 25 Sanskrit prose sentences into Hindi and English with attention to case and compound structure
Translate 20 Hindi and English sentences into Sanskrit, choosing the correct case, verb, and compound
Check each translation against the original grammar and correct errors
Your checkpoint
A bilingual translation notebook of 45 sentences (Sanskrit to Hindi/English and back), each with the kāraka and vibhakti marked on the Sanskrit side
Prose and Poetry Text Comprehension and Explanation
Read two prose passages from the prescribed text, parse every word, and write a running Hindi translation
Read two verse passages from the prescribed text and write their word-by-word meaning and prose order (anvaya)
Write an explanation (bhāvārtha) of each verse in 60 to 80 words
Identify the sandhi, samāsa, and kāraka features in the prescribed passages and list them
Answer comprehension questions on the passages in Sanskrit and in Hindi
Your checkpoint
A text-study file for four passages containing word-by-word meaning, anvaya, translation, bhāvārtha, and a list of grammatical features found in each
Applied Sanskrit: Subhashita, Riddles, Idioms, and Letter/Paragraph Writing & Translation: Sanskrit to Hindi/English and Hindi/English to Sanskrit & Prose and Poetry Text Comprehension and Explanation
Memorise and explain ten subhāṣitas, giving the source, the meaning, and the moral
Solve ten Sanskrit riddles (prahelikā) and explain five Sanskrit idioms (nyāya or lokokti) with examples
Write a formal Sanskrit letter to a friend or official and a Sanskrit paragraph of 80 to 100 words on a set topic
Write a Hindi paragraph and an English paragraph on the same topic, then translate each into Sanskrit
Take a full-length mock test under timed conditions and review every error
Your checkpoint
A final portfolio containing ten explained subhāṣitas, ten solved riddles, five idioms with examples, one letter, one Sanskrit paragraph, and a marked mock test with a correction log
Milestones
Week 2: Score at least 80 percent on a self-made test of 40 sandhi derivations and 30 declension forms; recorrect every miss before moving on
Week 4: Conjugate ten roots from memory in the present, imperfect, imperative, and optative, with no more than two errors across all tables
Week 5: Classify and expand 50 compounds with at least 85 percent accuracy, naming the type and vigraha of each
Week 6: Translate 45 sentences in both directions with at least 80 percent accuracy, marking kāraka and vibhakti correctly on each Sanskrit sentence
Week 7: Complete full word-by-word study of four prescribed passages, with anvaya and bhāvārtha checked against the textbook commentary
Week 8: Score at least 70 percent on the timed full-length mock test and complete the correction log for every wrong answer