Haryana BSEH Senior Secondary NSQF Construction flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Construction industry definition

The sector that plans, builds, repairs and maintains buildings and infrastructure. It includes residential, commercial, industrial and public works and employs skilled and unskilled workers.

Project life cycle phases

Typical phases are feasibility, design, tendering, construction, commissioning, and operation and maintenance. Each phase produces documents and approvals that guide the next stage.

Construction stakeholder roles

Key stakeholders include the client or owner, architect, structural engineer, contractor, subcontractors, suppliers and regulators. Their duties are defined by contracts and statutory approvals.

NSQF construction certification

The National Skills Qualifications Framework assigns levels 1 to 8 to vocational skills. Construction courses are often mapped to Sector Skill Council qualifications and can improve job recognition.

Construction career progression

A common path is helper, skilled worker, foreman, site supervisor and project manager. Experience, certification and supervisory ability usually determine promotion.

Hierarchy of safety controls

Preferred order is elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls and personal protective equipment. PPE is the last line of defence because it does not remove the hazard.

Work at height fall protection

Work at height generally means working 1.8 metres or more above a lower level. Guardrails, safety nets, harnesses and anchor points are required controls.

Excavation safety rule

Excavations must be inspected daily and after rain. Shoring, benching, barriers, ladders and spoil set-back reduce collapse and falling-load risks.

RCCB electrical protection

A residual current circuit breaker detects leakage current to earth and trips the circuit. It protects people from electric shock and should be tested regularly.

Cement storage rules

Store cement in a dry, ventilated shed on raised platforms. Keep bags 6 to 8 high, use first-in first-out, and reject lumpy or damp cement.

Initial and final setting

For ordinary Portland cement, initial setting time is usually 30 minutes or more and final setting time about 600 minutes or less. Tests use a Vicat apparatus.

Concrete cube test

Concrete cubes are cured and tested at 7 and 28 days. The 28-day compressive strength is the main acceptance measure for concrete grade, such as M20.

Brick water absorption

Good burnt clay bricks usually absorb less than about 20 percent of their dry weight after 24 hours of soaking. High absorption indicates poor durability.

Slump test purpose

The slump test measures fresh concrete workability or consistency. A standard cone is filled and lifted, and the drop in height is recorded in millimetres.

Power tool safety rule

Inspect guards and cords before use, wear PPE, and disconnect power before changing blades or bits. Never remove machine guards for speed or convenience.

Concrete mixer output

Batch volume equals drum volume multiplied by fill factor. Output per hour equals batch volume times batches per hour, adjusted for actual working time.

Drawing scale meaning

A scale of 1:100 means one unit on the drawing represents 100 units on site. Building plans commonly use 1:50 or 1:100.

Plan elevation section

A plan is a top view cut horizontally. An elevation shows the external vertical face. A section shows internal details cut through the building.

Drawing line types

Continuous thick lines show visible outlines. Dashed lines show hidden edges, chain-dotted lines show centrelines, and thin continuous lines show dimensions and extension lines.

Reduced level formula

Height of instrument equals reduced level plus backsight. A new reduced level equals height of instrument minus foresight or intermediate sight.

Levelling booking check

In a level book, sum of backsights minus sum of foresights should equal last reduced level minus first reduced level. This arithmetic check detects booking errors.

3-4-5 setting out method

A triangle with sides 3, 4 and 5 units has a right angle between the 3-unit and 4-unit sides. Builders use it to set perpendicular lines.

English bond brickwork

English bond alternates courses of stretchers and headers. It is strong and commonly used for thick walls, but it is slower than stretcher bond.

Concrete curing duration

Ordinary Portland cement concrete should be kept moist for at least 7 days, and often 10 to 14 days for important or hot-weather work. Curing improves strength and durability.

Plaster thickness and mortar

Internal cement plaster is commonly 12 to 15 millimetres thick, with mortar ratios from 1:3 to 1:6. The surface must be cured after finishing.

Formwork removal time

Vertical formwork for walls and columns may be removed after about 24 to 48 hours when concrete is hard enough not to damage. Soffit formwork needs longer.

Detailed estimate purpose

A detailed estimate calculates quantities and rates for each work item from drawings. It forms the basis of the bill of quantities, tendering and project cost control.

Brickwork quantity formula

Brickwork volume equals length times breadth times height. Deduct openings above the specified area, and express the result in cubic metres.

Rate analysis components

Rate analysis includes material cost, labour cost, equipment cost, overheads, contractor profit and applicable taxes. It produces a rate per unit of work.

Seven Cs of communication

The seven Cs are clear, concise, concrete, correct, coherent, complete and courteous. They help site instructions and written reports avoid misunderstanding.

Udyam registration purpose

Udyam registration is the Indian government portal for registering micro, small and medium enterprises. It provides a unique identity and access to MSME benefits.

Entrepreneur business plan

A business plan describes the product or service, market, competition, operations, marketing, finance and risk. It guides the owner and supports loan or scheme applications.