Haryana BSEH Senior Secondary NSQF Media and Entertainment flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Above-the-line cost

Budget category covering creative talent and rights negotiated before shooting - producer, director, writer and principal cast fees. Below-the-line covers crew, equipment, locations and post-production.

Free commercial time (FCT)

Minutes a broadcaster must make available to advertisers inside a sponsored programme slot. FCT inventory is sold by spot length, usually 10, 20 or 30 seconds.

MESC

Media and Entertainment Skills Council, the Indian Sector Skill Council that sets NSQF-aligned qualifications, job roles and assessment standards for film, television, animation, gaming and allied media trades.

Hierarchy of controls

Ranked safety measures from most to least effective: eliminate the hazard, substitute it, apply engineering controls, apply administrative controls, then use personal protective equipment as the last line of defence.

CO2 extinguisher use

For electrical and flammable-liquid fires: pull the pin, aim at the base of the flame, squeeze the handle and sweep. Carbon dioxide leaves no residue, protecting cameras and lighting control gear.

Walkie-talkie standby protocol

Press push-to-talk, wait about one second for the channel to open, say who you are calling and what you need, then release to listen. Prevents clipped first words.

Shannon–Weaver model

Linear communication model with sender, encoder, channel, decoder and receiver, plus noise that distorts the message and feedback that closes the loop. Underpins production briefing checks.

SBI feedback model

Situation–Behaviour–Impact: describe the specific situation, state the observed behaviour without judging the person, then explain its effect. Keeps feedback factual and easier to act on.

POSH Act 2013

Indian law against sexual harassment at the workplace. It requires an Internal Committee in establishments with ten or more workers and allows a written complaint within three months, extendable for valid reasons.

3-2-1 backup rule

Keep at least three copies of media, on two different storage media, with one copy stored off-site or offline. A RAID array alone does not count because it remains a single device.

Codec versus container

A codec compresses and decompresses audio-video data, such as H.264 or ProRes. A container is the wrapper file holding video, audio and metadata, such as MP4, MOV or MXF.

180-degree shutter rule

Set the shutter to twice the frame rate - 1/48 s at 24 fps, 1/50 s at 25 fps, 1/60 s at 30 fps - to reproduce natural motion blur and avoid strobing or excessively crisp movement.

Zebra stripes exposure aid

Camera viewfinder overlay that highlights areas reaching a set brightness, commonly 70–80% for skin tones and 95–100% for clipping. Used instead of trusting an uncalibrated LCD.

White balance 3200K and 5600K

Tungsten studio lamps sit near 3200 K (warm orange); daylight and HMI sources near 5600 K (cool blue). Match the camera preset to the source or gel the lamps.

Inverse square law

Light intensity from a point source falls with the square of distance: doubling lamp-to-subject distance quarters the illumination, about two stops. It governs falloff and background separation.

Key-to-fill ratio

Difference in brightness between key and fill light, expressed as 2:1, 4:1 or 8:1. Low ratios give flat high-key looks; high ratios give dramatic low-key contrast.

Phantom power 48 V

DC voltage sent up the microphone cable to power condenser microphones and active direct boxes. Enable it only on inputs connected to phantom-powered gear, since ribbon microphones can be damaged.

Cardioid polar pattern

Microphone pickup most sensitive at the front and least at the rear, rejecting sound behind it. Reduces room and off-axis noise, suiting boomed dialogue and close vocal recording.

XLR balanced connection

Three-pin connector carrying hot, cold and shield. The balanced differential signal cancels induced noise over long cable runs, making XLR standard for location dialogue and studio audio.

J-cut and L-cut

In a J-cut, the incoming scene's audio starts before its picture. In an L-cut, the outgoing scene's audio continues over the next picture. Both smooth transitions and naturalise dialogue overlap.

EBU R128 loudness target

Broadcast loudness standard measured in LUFS: −23 LUFS integrated for European television, with true peak at or below −1 dBTP. Streaming platforms usually normalise to about −14 LUFS.

Proxy media workflow

Create low-resolution, edit-friendly copies of camera files, cut with them, then relink the timeline to original high-resolution media before grading and mastering. Keeps long-GOP 4K footage responsive.

Picture lock

Formal approval point where picture editing is frozen. No further cut changes timing or frame counts, allowing sound, colour, VFX and graphics teams to work against a fixed reference.

Drop-frame timecode

Timecode that skips frame numbers 00 and 01 at the start of each minute except every tenth minute, keeping 29.97 fps counting aligned with clock time. Standard for NTSC-derived broadcast delivery.

Raster versus vector

Raster images such as JPEG, PNG and PSD are pixel grids that lose quality when enlarged. Vector graphics such as SVG and AI use mathematical paths and scale cleanly to any size.

Kerning versus tracking

Kerning adjusts spacing between individual letter pairs, such as AV or To. Tracking adjusts uniform spacing across a whole word or line. Both affect the legibility of titles and logos.

Alpha channel

Extra image channel storing transparency per pixel, letting graphics and titles composite over video. Found in PNG, TIFF, ProRes 4444 and EXR; keep it premultiplied to avoid edge fringing.

Copyright term in India

Literary, dramatic, musical and artistic works are protected for the author's lifetime plus sixty years. Cinematograph films and sound recordings are protected for sixty years from publication. Registration is optional.

Sync and master licences

Two separate permissions for existing music: the sync licence from the composition's publisher to marry music to picture, and the master licence from the record label for that specific recording.

Call sheet

Daily production document listing call times, location address and map, scene numbers, cast, crew contacts, equipment, weather and safety notes. It is the main communication tool for the shooting day.

Udyam registration

Free online Indian registration for micro, small and medium enterprises, based on PAN and GST data. It opens access to MSME schemes, priority lending and tender benefits for a new media business.

STAR interview method

Structure behavioural answers as Situation, Task, Action, Result. Describe the context, your responsibility, the specific steps you took and the measurable outcome, keeping to about ninety seconds.