BSF Paramedical flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Letter position trick EJOTY

E, J, O, T, Y correspond to positions 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 in the alphabet. These anchors let you locate any letter's position quickly in coding and series questions.

Syllogism 'some' conclusion

A conclusion beginning with 'some' follows only if at least one element is shared in every possible Venn diagram. 'All A are B' alone cannot prove 'All B are A'.

Total from two ranks

If a person is nth from the left and mth from the right in a row, the total number of people is n + m − 1, because that person is counted twice.

Blood relation 'only son'

In blood-relation puzzles, 'the only son of my mother' spoken by a male refers to the speaker himself. Draw generation levels and mark gender before choosing an option.

Net direction displacement

Sum all east-west movement and all north-south movement separately, then apply Pythagoras to the two totals to find the straight-line distance from the start.

Number series alternation rule

When differences do not follow one pattern, split the series into odd and even positions. Each sub-series often follows its own simple rule such as +3 or ×2.

Drafting Committee chairman

Dr B. R. Ambedkar chaired the Drafting Committee of the Indian Constitution, which was adopted on 26 November 1949 and came into force on 26 January 1950.

Fundamental Duties source

Fundamental Duties are listed in Article 51A under Part IVA. They were added by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976 on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee.

BSF motto and raising

The Border Security Force was raised on 1 December 1965 with headquarters at New Delhi. Its motto is 'Duty unto Death' and it guards land borders in peacetime.

Universal red cell donor

O negative blood is the universal red cell donor because its cells carry no A, B or RhD antigens. AB positive is the universal recipient for red cells.

Normal adult vital signs

An adult at rest normally has a pulse of 60 to 100 beats per minute, respiration of 12 to 20 breaths per minute, and body temperature near 37 degrees Celsius.

Tropic of Cancer in India

The Tropic of Cancer passes through eight Indian states, including Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura and Mizoram.

Successive percentage change formula

Two successive changes of a percent and b percent produce a net change of a + b + ab/100 percent. A 20 percent rise then 20 percent fall gives a net 4 percent fall.

Profit percent base

Profit percent equals selling price minus cost price, divided by cost price, times 100. Unless stated otherwise, profit and loss percentages are always calculated on cost price.

Compound minus simple interest

For two years at rate R, compound interest exceeds simple interest by P times R divided by 100, squared. This shortcut avoids computing both interests separately.

km/h to m/s conversion

Multiply a speed in kilometres per hour by 5/18 to obtain metres per second. To reverse the conversion, multiply metres per second by 18/5.

Train crossing a platform

Time to cross a platform equals train length plus platform length, divided by train speed. Time to cross a pole uses only the train length.

Combined work formula

If A alone finishes work in x days and B in y days, working together they finish it in xy divided by x + y days, assuming their rates simply add.

Cylinder volume and surface

A cylinder of radius r and height h has volume pi r squared h. Its curved surface area is 2 pi r h, and total surface area adds the two circular ends.

Subject-verb with 'one of'

In the pattern 'one of the plus plural noun', the verb agrees with 'one' and stays singular. 'One of the boys is absent' is correct, not 'are absent'.

Since versus for

Use 'since' with a specific starting point in time, such as since 2010 or since Monday. Use 'for' with a duration, such as for three years or for two hours.

Active to passive voice

The object becomes the subject, the verb becomes a form of 'be' plus past participle, and the doer follows 'by'. 'She wrote the letter' becomes 'The letter was written by her'.

Affect versus effect

Affect is usually a verb meaning to influence. Effect is usually a noun meaning a result. 'The drug affected him' and 'the side effect was mild' are both correct.

Indirect speech question form

When converting a direct question to indirect speech, use 'asked if' for yes-no questions or 'asked' plus the question word. Drop the question mark and keep statement order.

Idiom 'burn the midnight oil'

To burn the midnight oil means to study or work late into the night. It describes long hours of effort after dark, not literally lighting a lamp.

Five rights of medication

Before giving any drug, confirm the right patient, right drug, right dose, right route and right time. Documentation and the reason for the drug are often added.

Autoclave sterilisation settings

Standard autoclave sterilisation uses steam at 121 degrees Celsius and 15 pounds per square inch for 15 to 20 minutes, which kills bacteria, viruses and spores.

Airborne versus droplet precautions

Airborne precautions require an N95 respirator and a negative-pressure room, as for tuberculosis. Droplet precautions require only a surgical mask, as for influenza.

Ventrogluteal injection site

The ventrogluteal site in the upper outer buttock is preferred for intramuscular injections in adults, especially volumes above 2 millilitres, because it avoids major nerves.

Adrenaline in anaphylaxis

Intramuscular adrenaline into the outer thigh is the first-line drug for anaphylaxis. It is given early because airway swelling and low blood pressure progress rapidly.

Normal adult haemoglobin

Normal haemoglobin is about 13 to 17 grams per decilitre in adult men and 12 to 15 grams per decilitre in adult women. Lower values suggest anaemia.

Burn first aid cooling

Cool a thermal burn with clean running water for about 20 minutes, then cover loosely. Do not apply ice, butter or oil, and do not burst blisters.