DSSSB PGT key terms

The Delhi Subordinate Services Selection Board, a Delhi government body that recruits staff for subordinate services, including teachers such as PGT and TGT, through written examinations and document verification.

Post Graduate Teacher: a senior secondary school teaching post in Delhi government schools, usually requiring a postgraduate degree in the subject, a B.Ed., and qualification in the DSSSB selection process.

An article of the Indian Constitution, inserted by the 86th Amendment, that makes free and compulsory education a fundamental right for children aged six to fourteen years.

The Right to Information Act, a central law enabling citizens to request information from public authorities, subject to exemptions, and requiring timely replies within specified periods.

A logical reasoning topic in which conclusions are drawn from two or more given statements, and the candidate judges whether each conclusion necessarily follows, using Venn diagrams or rules.

A reasoning topic that presents family relationships in verbal or coded form and asks the candidate to determine how two persons are related, often by drawing a family tree.

A reasoning topic where letters, numbers, or words are converted using a rule or pattern, and the candidate must apply the same rule to decode a given word or encode a new one.

A reasoning topic requiring the candidate to place people around a line, circle, or rectangle using clues about positions, facing directions, and neighbours, then answer questions about the final arrangement.

A numerical ability concept expressing a number as a fraction of one hundred; used to compare quantities, calculate increases or decreases, and solve profit, loss, and discount problems.

Least Common Multiple and Highest Common Factor: two related arithmetic concepts used to solve problems about simultaneous events, fractions, and grouping numbers into equal parts without remainder.

Interest calculated only on the original principal for a given period, using the formula SI = P × R × T / 100, where P is principal, R is annual rate, and T is time in years.

An arithmetic topic about the rate at which individuals or groups complete a task, often using the idea that work done equals rate multiplied by time, and combining rates for joint work.

The branch of arithmetic and geometry dealing with the measurement of length, area, volume, and surface area of plane and solid figures such as squares, circles, cylinders, and cones.

Sandhi: a Hindi grammar rule describing the phonetic combination of two sounds or words, producing a new form, classified into vowel, consonant, and visarga sandhi.

Samas: a Hindi grammar process forming a compound word by joining two or more words, with the relation between them expressed in a condensed form; types include tatpurusha and dvandva.

Muhavara: a Hindi idiom whose figurative meaning differs from the literal meaning of its words, used to add expressiveness; candidates often need to select the correct meaning.

A grammar concept about whether the subject performs or receives the action; active voice is direct, passive voice uses a form of be with the past participle and often a by-phrase.

A grammar topic about reporting spoken words: direct speech quotes the exact words, while indirect speech changes pronouns, tense, and time expressions to report the same meaning.

An English expression whose meaning is not deducible from the individual words, such as 'spill the beans'; questions test recognition of the correct figurative meaning.

The National Education Policy 2020, India's policy framework for school and higher education, proposing a 5+3+3+4 school structure, foundational literacy and numeracy, multidisciplinary education, and teacher reforms.

The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, which operationalises Article 21A by setting norms for elementary schools, pupil-teacher ratios, no-detention, and school management committees.

A school assessment approach that evaluates students regularly and covers both scholastic and co-scholastic areas, aiming to reduce exam stress and use assessment to improve learning.

Specific, measurable statements describing what learners should know or be able to do at the end of a lesson, unit, or stage, used to plan teaching and assess achievement.

A hierarchical classification of educational objectives in the cognitive domain, revised as remember, understand, apply, analyse, evaluate, and create, used to design questions and learning activities.

A learning theory holding that learners actively build knowledge by connecting new information with prior experience, rather than passively receiving it, so teaching should involve exploration and reflection.

Vygotsky's concept describing the gap between what a learner can do alone and what they can do with guidance, where instruction and scaffolding are most effective.

An approach where all children, including those with disabilities or from disadvantaged groups, learn together in regular classrooms with appropriate support, adaptations, and barrier removal.

Assessment conducted during teaching to monitor learning and provide feedback, often low-stakes, used by teachers to adjust instruction and by students to close learning gaps.

Assessment at the end of a term or course that measures overall achievement against learning outcomes, often used for grading, promotion, or certification decisions.

A scoring guide listing criteria and levels of performance for a task, helping teachers grade consistently and giving students clear expectations about what quality work looks like.

A process of reviewing test questions using statistics such as difficulty level and discrimination index, to identify flawed items and improve the reliability of future tests.

A small-scale, cyclical inquiry by teachers to solve a practical classroom problem, involving planning, acting, observing, and reflecting, with the aim of improving local practice.

A teacher-training technique where a trainee teaches a short lesson to a small group, focusing on one skill, then receives feedback and re-teaches to improve.

A teacher's structured outline of objectives, materials, activities, and assessment for a lesson, helping ensure logical sequence, time management, and alignment with learning outcomes.

Resources such as charts, models, manipulatives, and digital content used to support instruction and make abstract concepts concrete, chosen to match learners and objectives.

A national digital platform for school education offering e-content, courses, and QR-coded textbook resources for teachers and students, managed under the Ministry of Education.

A national teacher training programme, implemented by NCERT, that aims to improve the quality of school education by training teachers and school leaders in pedagogy and leadership.

The National Council of Educational Research and Training, an autonomous body that prepares curricula, textbooks, and teacher-training materials, and conducts research for school education in India.

The State Council of Educational Research and Training for Delhi, which develops curriculum support, teacher training, and educational research for schools under the Delhi government.