Section A: Hindi & English
Hindi & English in DSSSB PGT checks language control for classroom communication and comprehension. Hindi items cover संधि, समास, उपसर्ग-प्रत्यय, तत्सम-तद्भव, पर्यायवाची, विलोम, मुहावरे, वाक्यांश, and comprehension; English items cover grammar, vocabulary, idioms, sentence correction, active-passive, direct-indirect, and reading.
Core rules and concepts
- Hindi sandhi: identify the junction and the resulting vowel; e.g., सूर्य + उदय = सूर्योदय (गुण संधि: अ + उ = ओ).
- समास: decide whether the first or second member is principal; e.g., राजपुत्र is तत्पुरुष.
- उपसर्ग changes meaning; प्रत्यय follows the root.
- तत्सम forms are closer to Sanskrit; तद्भव forms are evolved.
- English subject-verb agreement: 'one of the + plural noun' takes a singular verb.
- Modifiers should sit next to the word they modify.
Worked example
Choose the correct verb: 'One of the boys ___ absent.' Reasoning: the subject is 'one', not 'boys'. 'Of the boys' is a prepositional phrase. Therefore the singular verb 'was' is correct. The same logic gives 'Each of the students has a book.'
Traps
- Confusing sandhi with samas: sandhi joins sounds; samas joins words into a compound.
- Marking a तद्भव word as तत्सम because it looks familiar.
- Using 'were' after 'one of the'.
- Misplacing 'only' or a modifier and changing the meaning.
- In Hindi comprehension, choosing a familiar word over the passage's contextual meaning.