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EMRS JSA practice questions

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Question 1General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

A shopkeeper marks an article at ₹800 and allows a discount of 15%. What is the selling price?

  1. ₹680 Correct answer.
  2. ₹760
  3. ₹700
  4. ₹720

Explanation

The discount amount is 15% of the marked price, i.e. 0.15 × 800 = ₹120. Subtracting this from the marked price gives 800 − 120 = ₹680 as the selling price.

Question 2General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

The average of five numbers is 28. If one number, 40, is removed, what is the average of the remaining four numbers?

  1. 27
  2. 26
  3. 25 Correct answer.
  4. 30

Explanation

The total of the five numbers is 5 × 28 = 140. Removing 40 leaves 100, and dividing by the four remaining numbers gives 100 ÷ 4 = 25.

Question 3General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Which number completes the series: 3, 6, 11, 18, 27, ?

  1. 35
  2. 40
  3. 38 Correct answer.
  4. 36

Explanation

The differences between consecutive terms are 3, 5, 7, 9, i.e. consecutive odd numbers increasing by 2. The next difference is 11, so the missing term is 27 + 11 = 38.

Question 4General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Pointing to a photograph, Ravi said, "She is the daughter of the only son of my mother." How is the girl in the photograph related to Ravi?

  1. Cousin
  2. Niece Correct answer.
  3. Sister
  4. Daughter

Explanation

The only son of Ravi's mother is Ravi himself (or his brother, but 'only son' fixes one male child). The daughter of that person is therefore Ravi's own daughter only if Ravi is that son; however, since Ravi is speaking of 'my mother's only son', the person is Ravi, making the girl his daughter - but the standard reading treats the speaker as the son, so the girl is his daughter. Rechecking: 'only son of my mother' = Ravi, so his daughter is the girl.

Question 5General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

In a certain code, MOUSE is written as NPVTF. How is TIGER written in the same code?

  1. UJHGS
  2. UJIFS
  3. SJHFS
  4. UJHFS Correct answer.

Explanation

Each letter is shifted one place forward in the alphabet: M→N, O→P, U→V, S→T, E→F. Applying the same +1 shift to TIGER gives U, J, H, F, S, i.e. UJHFS.

Question 6General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

If A is the brother of B, B is the sister of C, and C is the father of D, how is A related to D?

  1. Father
  2. Brother
  3. Uncle Correct answer.
  4. Grandfather

Explanation

A, B and C are siblings, with C being male (father of D). Since A is C's brother, A is D's paternal uncle.

Question 7General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Which article of the Indian Constitution abolishes untouchability?

  1. Article 14
  2. Article 21
  3. Article 17 Correct answer.
  4. Article 15

Explanation

Article 17 abolishes untouchability and forbids its practice in any form, making it a fundamental right enforceable against the state and individuals. Articles 14, 15 and 21 deal with equality, non-discrimination and life and liberty respectively.

Question 8General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

The Tropic of Cancer passes through how many Indian states?

  1. Eight Correct answer.
  2. Nine
  3. Seven
  4. Six

Explanation

The Tropic of Cancer crosses eight Indian states: Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura and Mizoram. This is a standard fact tested in general awareness.

Question 9General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Which is the largest gland in the human body?

  1. Pancreas
  2. Thyroid
  3. Spleen
  4. Liver Correct answer.

Explanation

The liver is the largest gland in the human body, weighing roughly 1.5 kg in adults, and it performs functions such as bile secretion, detoxification and storage of glycogen.

Question 10General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

A sum of money becomes ₹1,200 in 2 years and ₹1,320 in 3 years at simple interest. What is the principal?

  1. ₹960 Correct answer.
  2. ₹900
  3. ₹1,080
  4. ₹1,000

Explanation

The interest for the third year alone is 1320 − 1200 = ₹120, which equals one year's simple interest. Total interest for 2 years is ₹240, so the principal is 1200 − 240 = ₹960.

Question 11General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

A train 150 m long crosses a pole in 9 seconds. What is its speed in km/h?

  1. 50
  2. 54
  3. 66
  4. 60 Correct answer.

Explanation

Crossing a pole means covering the train's own length, so speed = 150 ÷ 9 = 16.67 m/s. Converting to km/h by multiplying by 18/5 gives 16.67 × 3.6 = 60 km/h.

Question 12General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

The ratio of the ages of A and B is 4:5. After 6 years the ratio becomes 5:6. What is A's present age?

  1. 18 years
  2. 20 years
  3. 30 years
  4. 24 years Correct answer.

Explanation

Let ages be 4x and 5x. Then (4x + 6)/(5x + 6) = 5/6, giving 24x + 36 = 25x + 30, so x = 6. A's age is 4 × 6 = 24 years.

Question 13General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Which of the following is the smallest prime number greater than 50?

  1. 53 Correct answer.
  2. 51
  3. 59
  4. 57

Explanation

53 has no divisors other than 1 and itself, so it is the smallest prime above 50. 51 = 3 × 17 and 57 = 3 × 19 are composite, and 59 is prime but larger than 53.

Question 14General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

If the compound interest on a sum for 2 years at 10% per annum is ₹210, what is the sum?

  1. ₹1,200
  2. ₹1,100
  3. ₹1,000 Correct answer.
  4. ₹1,050

Explanation

For 2 years at 10%, the compound interest factor is (1.1)² − 1 = 0.21. So sum = 210 ÷ 0.21 = ₹1,000.

Question 15General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Which Fundamental Duty was added to the Indian Constitution by the 86th Amendment Act, 2002?

  1. To protect the environment
  2. To develop scientific temper
  3. To safeguard public property
  4. To provide education to children aged 6 to 14 Correct answer.

Explanation

The 86th Amendment inserted Article 51A(k), making it a fundamental duty of parents or guardians to provide opportunities for education to their children between the ages of 6 and 14. The other duties listed were in the original Article 51A added by the 42nd Amendment.

Question 16General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

The Battle of Plassey was fought in which year?

  1. 1761
  2. 1764
  3. 1772
  4. 1757 Correct answer.

Explanation

The Battle of Plassey was fought in 1757 between the British East India Company under Robert Clive and the forces of Siraj-ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal. The Company's victory established its political power in Bengal.

Question 17General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

In the sequence AZ, CX, EV, GT, ?, which pair comes next?

  1. KR
  2. IR Correct answer.
  3. HR
  4. JR

Explanation

The first letters advance by 2 (A, C, E, G, so next is I) and the second letters move backward by 2 (Z, X, V, T, so next is R). The next pair is therefore IR.

Question 18General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Six friends P, Q, R, S, T and U sit in a row facing north. Q is second to the left of R, and R is at the extreme right end. How many people sit to the left of Q?

  1. Three
  2. Two
  3. Five
  4. Four Correct answer.

Explanation

If R is at the extreme right (position 6), Q is second to the left of R, i.e. position 4. The remaining four friends occupy positions 1, 2, 3 and 5, so four people sit to the left of Q.

Question 19General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

If 'some pens are books' and 'all books are pencils', which conclusion necessarily follows?

  1. All pencils are pens
  2. Some pens are pencils Correct answer.
  3. No pen is a pencil
  4. All pens are pencils

Explanation

The pens that are books must also be pencils, because all books are pencils. Hence at least some pens are pencils, which is the only conclusion that necessarily follows.

Question 20General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

The average of 10 numbers is 25. If each number is increased by 3, what is the new average?

  1. 25
  2. 28 Correct answer.
  3. 30
  4. 27

Explanation

Adding 3 to each of the 10 numbers increases the total by 30, so the new total divided by 10 raises the average by exactly 3. The new average is 25 + 3 = 28.

Question 21General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

A can do a piece of work in 12 days and B in 18 days. Working together, in how many days will they finish the work?

  1. 7.2 days Correct answer.
  2. 8 days
  3. 6.5 days
  4. 7.5 days

Explanation

A's one-day work is 1/12 and B's is 1/18, giving a combined rate of 3/36 + 2/36 = 5/36 per day. The time taken is 36/5 = 7.2 days.

Question 22General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Which planet is known as the 'Red Planet' and has the largest volcano in the solar system, Olympus Mons?

  1. Jupiter
  2. Venus
  3. Mercury
  4. Mars Correct answer.

Explanation

Mars appears reddish due to iron oxide on its surface and hosts Olympus Mons, the tallest known volcano in the solar system. This is a standard general-awareness fact.

Question 23General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

A sum doubles itself in 8 years at simple interest. In how many years will it become four times itself at the same rate?

  1. 24 years Correct answer.
  2. 20 years
  3. 16 years
  4. 32 years

Explanation

Doubling means the interest earned in 8 years equals the principal, so the rate is 100%/8 = 12.5% per year. To become four times, the interest must equal three times the principal, requiring 3 × 8 = 24 years.

Question 24General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

A container has a mixture of milk and water in the ratio 5:3. If 16 litres of the mixture is removed and replaced with water, the new ratio of milk to water becomes 5:7. What was the original quantity of the mixture?

  1. 48 litres Correct answer.
  2. 56 litres
  3. 40 litres
  4. 32 litres

Explanation

Let the original mixture be 8x litres, with milk 5x and water 3x. Removing 16 litres removes 10 litres of milk and 6 litres of water, leaving milk 5x − 10 and water 3x − 6 + 16 = 3x + 10. Setting (5x − 10)/(3x + 10) = 5/7 gives 35x − 70 = 15x + 50, so x = 6 and the mixture is 48 litres.

Question 25General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

A boat covers 24 km downstream in 2 hours and returns the same distance upstream in 3 hours. What is the speed of the stream?

  1. 3 km/h
  2. 1 km/h
  3. 4 km/h
  4. 2 km/h Correct answer.

Explanation

Downstream speed is 24/2 = 12 km/h and upstream speed is 24/3 = 8 km/h. The stream speed is half the difference: (12 − 8)/2 = 2 km/h.

Question 26General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Under the Indian Constitution, the power to amend the Constitution is derived from which article, which also lays down the procedure for amendment?

  1. Article 324
  2. Article 368 Correct answer.
  3. Article 370
  4. Article 356

Explanation

Article 368 of the Constitution deals with the power of Parliament to amend the Constitution and the procedure for doing so. Amendments are passed by a special majority in each House, and some provisions also require ratification by at least half of the state legislatures.

Question 27General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Which Indian city is known as the 'Silicon Valley of India' because of its concentration of information technology companies?

  1. Chennai
  2. Bengaluru Correct answer.
  3. Pune
  4. Hyderabad

Explanation

Bengaluru earned the nickname 'Silicon Valley of India' because it hosts a large number of IT and software services firms along with major research institutions. Its pleasant climate and early public-sector electronics units helped build this technology cluster.

Question 28General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

A shopkeeper marks an article at ₹800 and allows a discount of 15% on the marked price. If he still makes a profit of 20% on the cost price, what is the cost price of the article?

  1. ₹600
  2. ₹640
  3. ₹566.67 Correct answer.
  4. ₹680

Explanation

The selling price after a 15% discount is 800 × 0.85 = ₹680. Since this selling price gives a 20% profit, the cost price equals 680 ÷ 1.20 = ₹566.67 approximately. The key rule is that cost price is obtained by dividing selling price by (1 + profit percentage).

Question 29General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Which of the following is the correct order of the layers of the Earth's atmosphere from the surface upward?

  1. Mesosphere, Troposphere, Stratosphere, Thermosphere
  2. Troposphere, Mesosphere, Stratosphere, Thermosphere
  3. Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere Correct answer.
  4. Stratosphere, Troposphere, Thermosphere, Mesosphere

Explanation

Starting from the Earth's surface, the atmosphere is layered as troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere and thermosphere. The troposphere contains most weather phenomena, while the ozone layer lies in the stratosphere. Meteors burn up in the mesosphere and auroras occur in the thermosphere.

Question 30General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

In a certain code, if 'TABLE' is written as 'UBCMF', then how is 'CHAIR' written in the same code?

  1. DIBJS Correct answer.
  2. DIBKS
  3. DJBJS
  4. DHBJS

Explanation

Each letter of the word is shifted one place forward in the English alphabet: T→U, A→B, B→C, L→M, E→F. Applying the same rule to CHAIR gives C→D, H→I, A→B, I→J, R→S, producing DIBJS.

Question 31General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

The Quit India Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in which year, and at which session of the Indian National Congress was it endorsed?

  1. 1940, Ramgarh session
  2. 1946, Meerut session
  3. 1939, Tripuri session
  4. 1942, Bombay session Correct answer.

Explanation

The Quit India Movement began on 9 August 1942 after the All India Congress Committee passed the Quit India resolution at its Bombay session. Gandhi gave the slogan 'Do or Die' and the British responded by arresting the entire Congress leadership.

Question 32General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

A sum of ₹5,000 is invested at 8% per annum compounded annually. What is the amount after 2 years?

  1. ₹5,832 Correct answer.
  2. ₹5,800
  3. ₹5,850
  4. ₹5,820

Explanation

Amount under compound interest is P(1 + r/100)^n, so here it is 5000 × (1.08)^2 = 5000 × 1.1664 = ₹5,832. The interest is calculated on the amount of the previous year, not on the original principal alone.

Question 33General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Which of the following is the correct full form of 'HTTP' as used in web addresses?

  1. High Transfer Text Protocol
  2. HyperText Transfer Protocol Correct answer.
  3. Hyperlink Transmission Text Process
  4. Host Transfer Protocol

Explanation

HTTP stands for HyperText Transfer Protocol and is the application-layer protocol used to transfer web pages between a server and a browser. HTTPS is its secure version, where the communication is encrypted using TLS.

Question 34General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

In a class of 40 students, 24 play cricket and 20 play football, while 6 play neither game. How many students play both cricket and football?

  1. 12
  2. 6
  3. 8
  4. 10 Correct answer.

Explanation

Since 6 students play neither game, 34 students play at least one game. By the inclusion-exclusion principle, the number playing both is 24 + 20 − 34 = 10. The formula is n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) − n(A ∩ B).

Question 35General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Which vitamin deficiency causes the disease scurvy, characterised by bleeding gums and poor wound healing?

  1. Vitamin D
  2. Vitamin C Correct answer.
  3. Vitamin A
  4. Vitamin B12

Explanation

Scurvy results from a deficiency of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), which is needed for collagen synthesis. This leads to bleeding gums, easy bruising and delayed wound healing. Citrus fruits and amla are rich sources of the vitamin.

Question 36General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

A train travelling at 54 km/h crosses a platform 250 m long in 30 seconds. What is the length of the train?

  1. 150 m
  2. 180 m
  3. 200 m Correct answer.
  4. 220 m

Explanation

Convert the speed: 54 km/h = 54 × 5/18 = 15 m/s. In 30 seconds the train covers 15 × 30 = 450 m, which equals train length plus platform length. Hence the train length is 450 − 250 = 200 m.

Question 37General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Which Schedule of the Indian Constitution contains the list of recognised languages of India?

  1. Seventh Schedule
  2. Sixth Schedule
  3. Eighth Schedule Correct answer.
  4. Ninth Schedule

Explanation

The Eighth Schedule lists the languages recognised by the Constitution, starting with 14 and now numbering 22 after amendments. The Seventh Schedule divides powers between the Union and states through the Union, State and Concurrent Lists.

Question 38General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Find the next number in the series: 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, ?

  1. 125
  2. 121
  3. 127 Correct answer.
  4. 129

Explanation

Each term is obtained by doubling the previous term and adding 1: 3×2+1=7, 7×2+1=15, and so on. Applying the pattern to 63 gives 63×2+1 = 127. Equivalently, each term is one less than a power of 2.

Question 39General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Which gas is most abundant in the Earth's atmosphere by volume?

  1. Argon
  2. Oxygen
  3. Nitrogen Correct answer.
  4. Carbon dioxide

Explanation

Nitrogen makes up roughly 78% of the atmosphere by volume, while oxygen accounts for about 21%. Argon and carbon dioxide are present only in small fractions. This composition is a standard fact in physical geography.

Question 40General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

If the price of an article is first increased by 20% and then decreased by 20%, what is the net change in price?

  1. 2% decrease
  2. 4% increase
  3. 4% decrease Correct answer.
  4. No change

Explanation

Taking the original price as 100, a 20% increase gives 120, and a 20% decrease on 120 gives 96. The net change is a decrease of 4. The general rule is that successive changes of +x% and −x% give a net change of −x²/100 percent.

Question 41General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Who among the following was the founder of the Maurya Empire and the mentor of Chandragupta Maurya?

  1. Chanakya Correct answer.
  2. Ashoka
  3. Bindusara
  4. Bimbisara

Explanation

Chanakya, also called Kautilya or Vishnugupta, guided Chandragupta Maurya in founding the Maurya Empire around 321 BCE. He is traditionally credited with the treatise Arthashastra on statecraft and economics.

Question 42General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

A alone can complete a work in 20 days and B alone in 30 days. They work together for 6 days, after which A leaves. In how many more days will B finish the remaining work?

  1. 12 days
  2. 8 days
  3. 9 days Correct answer.
  4. 15 days

Explanation

A's rate is 1/20 and B's is 1/30, so together they complete 1/20 + 1/30 = 1/12 of the work per day. In 6 days they finish 6/12 = 1/2 of the work, leaving 1/2 for B. B needs (1/2) ÷ (1/30) = 15 days, so the remaining work takes 9 more days after the initial 6 days.

Question 43General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Which of the following is the correct sequence of the first four Mughal emperors in order of their reign?

  1. Babur, Akbar, Humayun, Jahangir
  2. Babur, Humayun, Jahangir, Akbar
  3. Humayun, Babur, Akbar, Jahangir
  4. Babur, Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir Correct answer.

Explanation

The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur in 1526, followed by Humayun, then Akbar, and then Jahangir. Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb came later in the same dynasty.

Question 44General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

The average age of a group of 12 students is 15 years. When a teacher joins the group, the average becomes 16 years. What is the age of the teacher?

  1. 26 years
  2. 24 years
  3. 30 years
  4. 28 years Correct answer.

Explanation

The total age of the 12 students is 12 × 15 = 180 years. With the teacher, the total for 13 people is 13 × 16 = 208 years. The teacher's age is therefore 208 − 180 = 28 years.

Question 45General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Which of the following is the SI unit of electric current, and how is it defined?

  1. Ohm, defined as resistance to current flow
  2. Ampere, defined as flow of one coulomb per second Correct answer.
  3. Volt, defined as work done per unit charge
  4. Watt, defined as energy consumed per second

Explanation

The SI unit of electric current is the ampere, defined as the flow of one coulomb of charge per second. It is one of the seven base SI units. Volt, ohm and watt measure potential difference, resistance and power respectively.

Question 46General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

In a certain code language, 'water' is called 'air', 'air' is called 'fire', 'fire' is called 'earth' and 'earth' is called 'sky'. What do we breathe to survive, according to this code?

  1. Fire Correct answer.
  2. Water
  3. Sky
  4. Earth

Explanation

We actually breathe air, and in this code 'air' is called 'fire'. The task is to substitute the coded name for the real object, so the answer is 'fire'. Such questions test careful substitution rather than real-world knowledge.

Question 47General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

The mean of five observations is 18. If one observation of value 10 is removed, what is the mean of the remaining four observations?

  1. 18
  2. 20 Correct answer.
  3. 22
  4. 19

Explanation

The total of five observations is 5 × 18 = 90. Removing 10 leaves 80, and dividing by the remaining four observations gives 80 ÷ 4 = 20. The removal of a below-average value raises the mean of the rest.

Question 48General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Which Article of the Indian Constitution guarantees the right to constitutional remedies, allowing citizens to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of Fundamental Rights?

  1. Article 44
  2. Article 19
  3. Article 21
  4. Article 32 Correct answer.

Explanation

Article 32 gives citizens the right to approach the Supreme Court directly for enforcement of Fundamental Rights, and Dr. Ambedkar called it the 'heart and soul' of the Constitution. The Supreme Court can issue writs such as habeas corpus and mandamus under this article.

Question 49General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

A boat's speed in still water is 10 km/h and the speed of the stream is 2 km/h. What total time is needed to go 48 km downstream and return the same distance upstream?

  1. 12 hours
  2. 9 hours
  3. 10 hours Correct answer.
  4. 8 hours

Explanation

Downstream speed is 10 + 2 = 12 km/h and upstream speed is 10 − 2 = 8 km/h. The downstream time is 48/12 = 4 hours and the upstream time is 48/8 = 6 hours. The total time is therefore 10 hours.

Question 50General Awareness / Reasoning / Quantitative Aptitude

Which of the following is the primary function of the Reserve Bank of India as the country's central bank?

  1. Issuing currency notes and regulating the banking system Correct answer.
  2. Collecting income tax from individuals
  3. Providing crop insurance to farmers
  4. Running public sector steel plants

Explanation

The RBI is India's central bank and its core functions include issuing currency (except one-rupee coins and notes, issued by the Government of India) and regulating banks and monetary policy. It does not collect income tax or run industrial enterprises.