FCI AGM Phase I flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Blood relation tree

A diagram showing family members with gender and generation; used to solve relationship puzzles by tracing connections without assuming unstated genders.

Syllogism validity

A conclusion is valid only if it is true in every possible Venn diagram consistent with the given premises; one counterexample makes it invalid.

Successive percentage change

For changes of a% and b%, the net change is a + b + ab/100 percent; this formula applies to successive increases or decreases in value.

Compound interest formula

For principal P, annual rate R, and time T years, amount = P(1 + R/100)^T; compound interest is amount minus principal.

Downstream and upstream speed

Downstream speed equals boat speed plus stream speed; upstream speed equals boat speed minus stream speed; boat speed is their average.

Present perfect tense

Formed with has/have plus past participle; it expresses an action completed in the past but connected to the present, often with since or for.

Active to passive voice

The object becomes the subject, the verb becomes be plus past participle, and the original subject becomes an optional by-phrase; tense is retained.

Article 32

A constitutional article granting the Supreme Court power to issue writs for enforcement of fundamental rights; it is called the right to constitutional remedies.

FCI establishment year

The Food Corporation of India was established in 1965 under the Food Corporations Act, 1964, with headquarters at New Delhi.

National Food Security Act 2013

An Indian law providing subsidized food grains to eligible households through the Public Distribution System, aiming to ensure food and nutritional security.

Bharat Ratna

India's highest civilian award, given for exceptional service or performance of the highest order in any field of human endeavor.

FAO headquarters

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations is headquartered in Rome, Italy; it leads international efforts to defeat hunger.

Tropic of Cancer in India

The Tropic of Cancer passes through eight Indian states, including Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura, and Mizoram.

Water activity

A measure of available water in food; bacteria generally need aw above 0.91, molds above 0.80, and below 0.60 most microorganisms cannot grow.

Aflatoxin

A toxic compound produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, commonly found in improperly stored groundnuts and cereals, posing health risks.

HACCP

Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points; a systematic preventive approach to food safety that identifies, evaluates, and controls biological, chemical, and physical hazards.

FSSAI

The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India, established under the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006, regulates food safety and quality standards in India.

Safe moisture for wheat

Wheat can be stored safely at about 12–13% moisture content; higher moisture promotes mold growth, insect infestation, and aflatoxin production.

Minimum Support Price

A price announced by the Government of India, based on CACP recommendations, to protect farmers from distress sales when market prices fall below it.

Buffer stock

A reserve of food grains maintained by FCI to ensure food security and stabilize prices; stocks are released through the Open Market Sale Scheme.

Bullwhip effect

Demand distortion that increases upstream in a supply chain; causes include batch ordering, price fluctuations, and shortage gaming by participants.

Economic Order Quantity

The order quantity that minimizes total inventory cost; EOQ = √(2DS/H), where D is annual demand, S is ordering cost, and H is holding cost per unit per year.

FIFO in warehouses

First In, First Out; a storage practice where older stock is dispatched before newer stock to reduce deterioration and expiry losses.

Circular seating arrangement

A reasoning puzzle where people sit around a circle; fixing one person breaks rotational symmetry, and clockwise and anticlockwise orders are distinct.

Time and work together

If A alone takes x days and B alone takes y days, together they take xy/(x + y) days; using LCM of days simplifies efficiency calculations.

Since versus for

Use 'since' with a specific point in time (since 2010) and 'for' with a duration (for five years); both often pair with present perfect tense.

Directive Principles

Guidelines in Part IV (Articles 36–51) of the Indian Constitution for state policy; they are not enforceable in courts but fundamental in governance.

World Food Day

Observed on 16 October each year to commemorate the founding of the FAO and to raise awareness about hunger and food security worldwide.

Adulteration test for starch

Iodine solution turns blue-black in the presence of starch; this test detects starch adulteration in milk and other food products.

Cold storage preservation

Refrigeration slows microbial growth and enzymatic activity but does not kill microorganisms; deep freezing at −18°C or below extends shelf life further.

Open Market Sale Scheme

A scheme under which FCI releases food grains into the open market to moderate prices and reduce excess buffer stock.

Procurement cycle steps

The sequence from indent or requisition through tender or quotation, evaluation, purchase order, receipt, inspection, and payment.