FCI AGM Phase I key terms

Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices, the body that recommends minimum support prices for major crops to the Government of India each season.

A guaranteed price at which government agencies buy notified crops from farmers, protecting them from sharp market falls and encouraging production.

Reserve grain held by a government agency to stabilise supply, meet emergencies, and moderate open-market prices during shortages.

A network of fair price shops that supplies subsidised essential food grains to eligible households through ration cards.

A version of the public distribution system that directs subsidised grain only to identified poor and vulnerable households rather than the general population.

A scheme providing highly subsidised food grain to the poorest households, who receive the largest per-family entitlement under the ration system.

The central agency responsible for procuring, storing, transporting, and distributing food grains for the public distribution system and buffer stock.

A document issued by a storage operator confirming receipt of a stated quantity and grade of goods, usable as proof of holding and often as loan collateral.

An unbroken series of refrigerated storage and transport steps that keeps perishable food within a safe temperature range from harvest to retail.

The period during which a stored food retains acceptable safety, taste, texture, and nutritional value under stated conditions.

A measure of the free water available in food for microbial growth and chemical reactions, expressed on a scale from zero to one.

The proportion of water in a food or grain sample, usually expressed as a percentage, which strongly affects spoilage risk and safe storage time.

A toxic compound produced by certain moulds on poorly dried or damp-stored crops such as groundnut and maize, posing serious health risks.

Treatment of stored produce or a closed space with a toxic gas to kill insects, mites, and other pests during storage.

Measures such as baiting, trapping, and proofing of storage structures to prevent rats and mice from damaging or contaminating stored food.

Regular cleaning, drying, and pest-proofing of storage premises to prevent contamination, moisture build-up, and infestation of stored goods.

Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points, a preventive food-safety system that identifies hazards and sets control limits at critical steps in production.

A set of basic operating and hygiene requirements covering premises, equipment, personnel, and processes to ensure food is produced safely.

The addition of inferior, harmful, or unauthorised substances to food, or removal of valuable components, to increase profit or bulk.

The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India, the statutory regulator that sets food standards and enforces safety rules across the country.

An Indian certification mark for agricultural produce indicating that a product meets specified quality and grading standards.

Sorting agricultural produce into uniform lots by size, appearance, moisture, or quality so that each lot can be sold at a fair price.

A tall cylindrical storage structure, often made of steel or concrete, used for bulk grain with mechanical loading, aeration, and discharge.

The comparison of two quantities by division and the equation of two such comparisons, used to solve sharing, mixture, and scaling problems.

A fraction expressed with denominator one hundred, used to compare changes, discounts, and shares in quantitative aptitude problems.

Interest calculated only on the original principal for the whole period, without compounding, using the formula principal times rate times time.

Interest computed on both the original principal and previously accumulated interest, so the amount grows faster than under simple interest.

A problem type where the rates of workers or machines are combined to find how long a task takes when they act together or separately.

The sum of a set of values divided by their count, often used to find a missing value or a changed value in a data set.

A reasoning question presenting statements and conclusions, where the candidate decides which conclusions follow logically from the given statements alone.

A reasoning topic in which family relationships are described through statements or a diagram and the candidate identifies how two people are related.

A puzzle where people or objects are placed in rows or around a table according to clues, and the candidate answers positional questions.

A reasoning task where words or letters are transformed by a rule and the candidate applies or discovers the rule to encode or decode new items.

A question requiring the candidate to identify the pattern in a sequence of numbers, letters, or figures and supply the next or missing element.

The reading and analysis of tables, charts, or graphs to answer questions involving comparison, percentage change, and calculation.

A word that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word, tested in vocabulary sections of language papers.

A word whose meaning is opposite to that of another word, tested to assess the range and precision of a candidate's vocabulary.

A fixed expression whose meaning cannot be worked out from its individual words, such as a phrase describing a situation figuratively.

A passage with words removed at intervals, where the candidate chooses the option that best restores meaning and grammatical fit.

A grammar question in which a sentence is divided into parts and the candidate identifies the part containing a grammatical error.

A section testing the ability to read a passage and answer questions on its main idea, details, inference, and vocabulary in context.

Guidelines in Part IV of the Indian Constitution directing the state towards social and economic welfare, though not enforceable in courts.

Basic rights guaranteed to individuals by Part III of the Indian Constitution and enforceable through courts, subject to reasonable restrictions.

The opening statement of the Indian Constitution that declares its source of authority and the ideals of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity.

The seasonal reversal of wind direction that brings heavy rainfall to India, and whose performance strongly influences crop output and food prices.

A crop sown with the onset of the monsoon and harvested in autumn, such as rice, maize, and cotton.

A crop sown in winter and harvested in spring, such as wheat, barley, and gram, usually grown on residual soil moisture.