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IPU CET BBA practice questions

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Question 1English Language and Comprehension

In the sentence 'The committee submitted its report after reviewing all the applications,' what is the grammatical function of the phrase 'after reviewing all the applications'?

  1. An adverbial phrase modifying the verb 'submitted' Correct answer.
  2. An adjective phrase modifying the noun 'report'
  3. An appositive renaming 'the committee'
  4. A noun phrase acting as the object of 'submitted'

Explanation

The phrase tells when or under what circumstance the committee submitted the report, so it modifies the verb and functions adverbially. Adjective phrases modify nouns, noun phrases fill object slots, and appositives rename a preceding noun, none of which fits here.

Question 2English Language and Comprehension

Choose the option that correctly completes the sentence: 'Neither the manager nor the employees _____ willing to accept the revised schedule.'

  1. has been
  2. is
  3. were Correct answer.
  4. was

Explanation

With 'neither...nor', the verb agrees with the nearer subject, which here is the plural 'employees', so the plural 'were' is required. The singular forms would only be correct if the nearer subject were singular.

Question 3English Language and Comprehension

Which word is the closest synonym of 'meticulous' as used in the sentence 'The auditor was meticulous in checking every entry'?

  1. Careless
  2. Thorough Correct answer.
  3. Hasty
  4. Indifferent

Explanation

'Meticulous' describes someone showing great attention to detail, which matches 'thorough'. The other options describe a lack of care or speed, the opposite of the intended meaning.

Question 4English Language and Comprehension

Identify the correct passive transformation of 'The examiners are evaluating the answer scripts.'

  1. The answer scripts were being evaluated by the examiners.
  2. The answer scripts have evaluated by the examiners.
  3. The answer scripts are being evaluated by the examiners. Correct answer.
  4. The answer scripts are evaluated being by the examiners.

Explanation

The original is present continuous active, so the passive needs 'are being + past participle' followed by the agent. The other options change the tense or scramble the auxiliary order, breaking the structure.

Question 5English Language and Comprehension

Which sentence uses the article correctly?

  1. She is a honest officer who handles an unique caseload.
  2. She is an honest officer who handles a unique caseload. Correct answer.
  3. She is an honest officer who handles an unique caseload.
  4. She is a honest officer who handles a unique caseload.

Explanation

Article choice depends on sound, not spelling: 'honest' begins with a vowel sound so takes 'an', while 'unique' begins with the consonant sound /j/ so takes 'a'. Only the first option applies both rules.

Question 6English Language and Comprehension

In the word 'unbelievable', how many morphemes are there?

  1. Four
  2. Three Correct answer.
  3. Two
  4. Five

Explanation

The word divides into 'un-' (negation), 'believe' (root), and '-able' (adjective-forming suffix), giving three morphemes. Counting letters or syllables would give misleading totals.

Question 7English Language and Comprehension

Choose the option that best replaces the underlined part: 'The report, which was submitted late, it was rejected by the board.'

  1. late, and it rejected
  2. late; it rejected
  3. late, was rejected Correct answer.
  4. late, it was rejected

Explanation

The relative clause 'which was submitted late' already supplies the subject-verb frame, so the main clause needs only 'was rejected' without repeating 'it'. Repeating the pronoun creates a double subject.

Question 8English Language and Comprehension

Which pair of words are antonyms?

  1. Candid - frank
  2. Frugal - thrifty
  3. Ample - plentiful
  4. Transient - permanent Correct answer.

Explanation

'Transient' means lasting only a short time, while 'permanent' means lasting indefinitely, so they are opposites. The other pairs are synonyms with closely matching meanings.

Question 9English Language and Comprehension

In the sentence 'Had the candidate prepared better, the interview would have gone smoothly,' what does the inverted opening express?

  1. A real condition in the present
  2. A polite request
  3. A direct command
  4. An unreal condition in the past Correct answer.

Explanation

Inversion with 'had' replaces 'if' in a third conditional, which describes an unreal past condition and its imagined result. The main clause 'would have gone' confirms the past counterfactual.

Question 10English Language and Comprehension

Which sentence correctly uses the semicolon?

  1. The results were inconclusive; and the panel ordered a second review.
  2. The results were inconclusive; the panel ordered a second review. Correct answer.
  3. The results were inconclusive; because the panel ordered a second review.
  4. The results were inconclusive; ordering a second review by the panel.

Explanation

A semicolon joins two independent clauses that are closely related, which the first option does correctly. A coordinating conjunction after a semicolon, a subordinator, or a fragment all break that requirement.

Question 11English Language and Comprehension

Identify the figure of speech in 'The deadline was a mountain that crushed every excuse.'

  1. Hyperbole alone
  2. Personification
  3. Metaphor Correct answer.
  4. Simile

Explanation

The deadline is directly stated to be a mountain, an implicit comparison without 'like' or 'as', which is a metaphor. A simile would require an explicit comparative word.

Question 12English Language and Comprehension

Choose the word that best fits: 'The witness gave a _____ account of the incident, omitting no detail.'

  1. comprehensive Correct answer.
  2. cursory
  3. superficial
  4. verbose

Explanation

'Omitting no detail' signals completeness, which 'comprehensive' conveys. The other options suggest brevity, wordiness, or shallowness, which clash with the context clue.

Question 13English Language and Comprehension

Which option correctly reports the direct speech: She said, 'I will submit the form tomorrow'?

  1. She says that she would submit the form tomorrow.
  2. She said that she would submit the form the next day. Correct answer.
  3. She said that she will submit the form tomorrow.
  4. She said that she would submitted the form the next day.

Explanation

In reported speech, 'will' shifts to 'would' and 'tomorrow' shifts to 'the next day' to reflect the change in time reference. The other options keep the original tense or use an ungrammatical verb form.

Question 14English Language and Comprehension

Which sentence uses a dangling modifier?

  1. Walking into the hall, the lights were switched on by the invigilator. Correct answer.
  2. After walking into the hall, the invigilator switched on the lights.
  3. Walking into the hall, the invigilator switched on the lights.
  4. The invigilator, walking into the hall, switched on the lights.

Explanation

The introductory participle 'walking into the hall' must describe the subject of the main clause. In the first option the subject is 'the lights', which cannot walk, so the modifier dangles.

Question 15English Language and Comprehension

Which word is spelled correctly?

  1. Occurrence Correct answer.
  2. Occurrance
  3. Ocurrence
  4. Occurence

Explanation

'Occurrence' doubles the r and keeps the e before -nce, following the pattern of 'occur' plus '-ence'. The other spellings drop a letter or use the wrong vowel.

Question 16English Language and Comprehension

In 'The more you practise, the better you perform,' what does the structure express?

  1. A condition that cannot be fulfilled
  2. A comparison showing parallel increase Correct answer.
  3. A request phrased politely
  4. A cause followed by a command

Explanation

The 'the more... the better...' construction links two comparatives to show that as one quality increases, the other increases too. It is a correlative comparative, not a condition or command.

Question 17English Language and Comprehension

Choose the option that correctly completes: 'By the time the results _____, the candidates _____ for weeks.'

  1. are announced / will wait
  2. were announced / had been waiting Correct answer.
  3. announce / have waited
  4. will announce / were waiting

Explanation

'By the time' with a past event calls for past perfect in the second clause to show an action completed before that point. 'Were announced' plus 'had been waiting' correctly sequences the two past actions.

Question 18English Language and Comprehension

Which option is the correct synonym for 'lucid' in 'The lecturer gave a lucid explanation of the theory'?

  1. Technical
  2. Lengthy
  3. Confusing
  4. Clear Correct answer.

Explanation

'Lucid' means expressed clearly and easy to understand, so 'clear' is the precise synonym. Length or technicality does not capture the meaning.

Question 19English Language and Comprehension

Identify the clause type: 'Whatever the panel decides will be announced tomorrow.'

  1. Noun clause acting as subject Correct answer.
  2. Relative clause modifying 'tomorrow'
  3. Adverbial clause
  4. Adjective clause modifying 'panel'

Explanation

'Whatever the panel decides' fills the subject slot of the main verb 'will be announced', so it functions as a noun clause. It does not modify a noun or express time, place or condition.

Question 20English Language and Comprehension

Which sentence uses the apostrophe correctly?

  1. The students' council approved the new rule. Correct answer.
  2. The students's council approved the new rule.
  3. The student's council approved the new rule's.
  4. The students council approved the new rule.

Explanation

A plural noun ending in -s takes the apostrophe after the s to show possession, so 'students'' is correct. Missing apostrophes or misplaced ones change or obscure the possessive meaning.

Question 21English Language and Comprehension

Which option best states the meaning of the idiom 'to bite the bullet'?

  1. To speak without thinking
  2. To waste an opportunity
  3. To face an unpleasant task bravely Correct answer.
  4. To avoid a difficult decision

Explanation

'Bite the bullet' means to endure something painful or difficult with courage rather than avoiding it. Options about avoidance, rash speech, or wasted chances describe different idioms.

Question 22English Language and Comprehension

Choose the option that correctly completes the sentence in the subjunctive: 'The board insisted that the report _____ before Friday.'

  1. is submitted
  2. was submitted
  3. will be submitted
  4. be submitted Correct answer.

Explanation

Verbs of demand such as 'insist' trigger the mandative subjunctive, which uses the base form 'be' regardless of tense. The indicative forms would weaken the required structure.

Question 23English Language and Comprehension

Which sentence contains a misplaced modifier?

  1. The officer questioned the applicant with a stern expression. Correct answer.
  2. The officer with a stern expression questioned the applicant.
  3. The officer questioned, with a stern expression, the applicant.
  4. With a stern expression, the officer questioned the applicant.

Explanation

In the first option, 'with a stern expression' sits next to 'the applicant' and appears to describe the applicant rather than the officer, creating ambiguity. The other options place the phrase clearly near the officer.

Question 24English Language and Comprehension

Which word is the correct antonym of 'benevolent'?

  1. Generous
  2. Charitable
  3. Kindly
  4. Malevolent Correct answer.

Explanation

'Benevolent' means kind and wishing good for others; 'malevolent' means wishing harm, making it the direct antonym. The other three are synonyms of benevolent.

Question 25English Language and Comprehension

In the sentence 'Hardly had the bell rung when the students rushed out,' why is 'when' preferred over 'than'?

  1. 'Than' cannot follow a past perfect verb.
  2. 'Hardly' pairs with 'when' in this inverted construction. Correct answer.
  3. 'When' marks the result of a conditional clause.
  4. 'Than' is used only with comparatives of quantity.

Explanation

The fixed pattern 'hardly... when' (like 'scarcely... when') introduces the second event immediately after the first. 'Than' belongs with 'no sooner... than', a different correlative pair.

Question 26English Language and Comprehension

In the sentence 'The committee, after reviewing all the applications, announced its decision,' what is the grammatical function of the phrase 'after reviewing all the applications'?

  1. It is a participial phrase modifying 'decision'
  2. It is a noun phrase acting as the object of 'announced'
  3. It is an adjectival phrase modifying 'committee'
  4. It is an adverbial phrase modifying 'announced' Correct answer.

Explanation

The phrase 'after reviewing all the applications' tells when or under what circumstances the committee announced its decision, so it functions adverbially. It does not describe the committee itself (adjectival) nor act as the object of the verb.

Question 27English Language and Comprehension

Which option correctly transforms the sentence 'The manager praised the team because they had completed the project early' into a simple sentence without changing the meaning?

  1. The manager praised the team, they had completed the project early
  2. The manager praised the team and they had completed the project early
  3. The manager praised the team for completing the project early Correct answer.
  4. The manager praised the team because of they completed the project early

Explanation

A simple sentence contains one independent clause; converting the subordinate clause 'because they had completed' into the prepositional phrase 'for completing' preserves the causal meaning and removes the second clause. The other options either create a grammatical error or retain two clauses.

Question 28English Language and Comprehension

Identify the type of sentence: 'Although the candidate was nervous, she answered every question confidently, and the panel was impressed.'

  1. Compound-complex Correct answer.
  2. Compound
  3. Complex
  4. Simple

Explanation

The sentence contains two independent clauses ('she answered every question confidently' and 'the panel was impressed') joined by 'and', plus one dependent clause ('Although the candidate was nervous'). This combination makes it compound-complex.

Question 29English Language and Comprehension

In the word 'misinterpretation', what is the base word (root) after removing all affixes?

  1. interpretation
  2. pret
  3. interpret Correct answer.
  4. misinterpret

Explanation

The word 'misinterpretation' is formed from the base 'interpret' with the prefix 'mis-' and the suffixes '-ation'. Removing all affixes leaves 'interpret', which carries the core meaning.

Question 30English Language and Comprehension

Which option best explains the meaning of the idiom 'to turn a blind eye' as used in 'The supervisor turned a blind eye to the repeated delays'?

  1. To punish someone unfairly
  2. To investigate a matter thoroughly
  3. To deliberately ignore a problem Correct answer.
  4. To fail to notice something accidentally

Explanation

The idiom 'to turn a blind eye' means to intentionally choose not to notice or act on something wrong. It implies deliberate ignoring, not accidental failure to see.

Question 31English Language and Comprehension

Choose the option that correctly completes the sentence: 'If the college _____ the new admission policy earlier, many applicants _____ less confusion.'

  1. had announced; would have faced Correct answer.
  2. announced; would face
  3. would announce; had faced
  4. has announced; will face

Explanation

This is a third conditional sentence about an unreal past situation. The correct pattern is 'If + past perfect, subject + would have + past participle', giving 'had announced' and 'would have faced'.

Question 32English Language and Comprehension

Which option correctly changes the sentence 'The teacher said to the students, "Submit your assignments by Friday"' into indirect speech?

  1. The teacher told that the students submit their assignments by Friday.
  2. The teacher told the students to submit their assignments by Friday. Correct answer.
  3. The teacher asked the students that they submit their assignments by Friday.
  4. The teacher said the students to submit their assignments by Friday.

Explanation

An imperative in direct speech becomes 'told + object + to-infinitive' in indirect speech. 'Told the students to submit' correctly reports the command and adjusts the possessive pronoun.

Question 33English Language and Comprehension

Which sentence uses the colon correctly?

  1. The panel requested: three documents, a transcript, a reference letter, and a statement of purpose.
  2. The panel requested three documents, a transcript, a reference letter, and a statement of purpose:
  3. The panel requested three documents: a transcript, a reference letter, and a statement of purpose were needed.
  4. The panel requested three documents: a transcript, a reference letter, and a statement of purpose. Correct answer.

Explanation

A colon introduces a list after a complete independent clause. In option 0, 'The panel requested three documents' is a complete clause, and the colon correctly introduces the list that follows.

Question 34English Language and Comprehension

Which option best replaces the underlined part to make the sentence grammatically correct? 'The reason for the delay was because the forms were incomplete.'

  1. was since the forms were incomplete
  2. was that the forms were incomplete Correct answer.
  3. was due to the forms were incomplete
  4. was because the forms were incomplete

Explanation

The standard construction is 'The reason ... was that ...', using a that-clause as a subject complement. 'Because' is redundant after 'the reason' and is considered nonstandard in formal writing.

Question 35English Language and Comprehension

Which word is the correct synonym for 'meticulous' in the sentence 'The auditor was meticulous in checking every entry'?

  1. Careless
  2. Hasty
  3. Indifferent
  4. Scrupulous Correct answer.

Explanation

'Meticulous' means showing great attention to detail. 'Scrupulous' also means careful and thorough, making it the closest synonym. The other options describe a lack of care.

Question 36English Language and Comprehension

In the sentence 'The new policy, which was implemented last month, has already reduced waiting times,' what is the function of the clause 'which was implemented last month'?

  1. It is a restrictive relative clause identifying which policy
  2. It is an adverbial clause of time
  3. It is a non-restrictive relative clause adding extra information Correct answer.
  4. It is a noun clause acting as the subject

Explanation

The clause is set off by commas and provides additional, non-essential information about 'the new policy'. A restrictive clause would not be comma-separated and would identify which policy is meant.

Question 37English Language and Comprehension

Which option correctly completes the sentence using the appropriate article? 'She was elected _____ chairperson of the student council, and she accepted _____ position with enthusiasm.'

  1. the; a
  2. no article; a
  3. no article; the Correct answer.
  4. a; the

Explanation

Names of unique positions such as 'chairperson' take no article when used as a complement after 'elected'. The second reference is to a specific position already mentioned, so the definite article 'the' is required.

Question 38English Language and Comprehension

Which sentence contains a subject-verb agreement error?

  1. The number of applicants has increased this year.
  2. A number of applicants have applied early.
  3. Each of the candidates have submitted the required documents. Correct answer.
  4. Each of the candidates has submitted the required documents.

Explanation

'Each' is singular and takes a singular verb, so 'Each ... has submitted' is correct. Option 0 uses 'have' with 'each', creating an agreement error.

Question 39English Language and Comprehension

Which option best explains the effect of the underlined word in 'The proposal was received with cautious optimism'?

  1. The modifier 'cautious' is redundant and adds no meaning.
  2. The modifier 'cautious' intensifies the meaning of 'optimism'.
  3. The modifier 'cautious' softens the positive noun 'optimism', suggesting limited confidence. Correct answer.
  4. The modifier 'cautious' changes 'optimism' into a negative idea.

Explanation

'Cautious' qualifies 'optimism' by limiting its strength, indicating that the optimism is guarded rather than full. It does not intensify or reverse the meaning, nor is it redundant.

Question 40English Language and Comprehension

Identify the figure of speech in 'The examination hall was a sea of anxious faces.'

  1. Simile
  2. Metaphor Correct answer.
  3. Hyperbole
  4. Personification

Explanation

The sentence directly states that the hall 'was a sea', equating two unlike things without using 'like' or 'as'. This is a metaphor. A simile would use 'like' or 'as'.

Question 41English Language and Comprehension

Which option correctly completes the sentence: 'No sooner _____ the results announced than the students began to celebrate.'

  1. have
  2. did
  3. had
  4. were Correct answer.

Explanation

In the inverted construction 'No sooner ... than', the auxiliary verb comes before the subject. The passive form 'were announced' is correct because the results are the subject receiving the action.

Question 42English Language and Comprehension

Which option is the correct antonym of 'transparent' in the context of administrative processes?

  1. Clear
  2. Obvious
  3. Opaque Correct answer.
  4. Evident

Explanation

'Transparent' in administrative contexts means open and easy to understand. Its opposite is 'opaque', meaning difficult to see through or understand. The other options are synonyms of transparent.

Question 43English Language and Comprehension

Which sentence uses the dash correctly?

  1. The scholarship covers tuition, accommodation, and books-a generous package for any student-.
  2. The scholarship covers-tuition, accommodation, and books a generous package for any student.
  3. The scholarship covers tuition, accommodation, and books-a generous package for any student. Correct answer.
  4. The scholarship covers tuition, accommodation, and books a generous package-for any student.

Explanation

A dash can introduce an explanatory phrase or summary at the end of a sentence. Option 0 correctly places a single dash before the summarizing phrase 'a generous package for any student'.

Question 44English Language and Comprehension

Which option correctly completes the sentence with the appropriate phrasal verb? 'The management decided to _____ the meeting until the following week due to the strike.'

  1. put in
  2. put off Correct answer.
  3. put out
  4. put up

Explanation

'Put off' means to postpone. In the context of delaying a meeting, it is the correct phrasal verb. The other phrasal verbs have different meanings.

Question 45English Language and Comprehension

In the sentence 'The professor, along with her research assistants, is attending the conference,' why is the verb 'is' correct?

  1. The phrase 'along with' makes the subject plural.
  2. The verb agrees with 'research assistants', which is plural.
  3. The verb 'is' is incorrect; it should be 'are'.
  4. The subject is 'The professor', which is singular; the phrase 'along with her research assistants' does not change the number. Correct answer.

Explanation

When a singular subject is followed by 'along with', 'as well as', or 'together with', the verb agrees with the first subject. 'The professor' is singular, so 'is' is correct.

Question 46English Language and Comprehension

Which option best describes the tone of the sentence 'The committee's decision, though delayed, was ultimately fair and well reasoned'?

  1. Sarcastic and critical
  2. Enthusiastic and celebratory
  3. Approving but qualified Correct answer.
  4. Indifferent and neutral

Explanation

The words 'fair' and 'well reasoned' express approval, while 'though delayed' introduces a qualification. The tone is therefore approving but not unqualified.

Question 47English Language and Comprehension

Which option correctly completes the sentence using a gerund? '_____ the feedback carefully is essential before revising the draft.'

  1. Reading Correct answer.
  2. Having read
  3. To read
  4. Read

Explanation

A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as the subject of a sentence. 'Reading the feedback carefully' is the subject of 'is essential'. 'To read' is an infinitive and can also be a subject, but the sentence structure here calls for a gerund to match the pattern 'is essential'.

Question 48English Language and Comprehension

Which sentence contains a parallelism error?

  1. The workshop aims at improving writing skills, developing critical thinking, and building confidence.
  2. The workshop aims to improve writing skills, developing critical thinking, and to build confidence. Correct answer.
  3. The workshop aims to improve writing skills, develop critical thinking, and build confidence.
  4. The workshop aims to improve writing skills, to develop critical thinking, and to build confidence.

Explanation

Parallel structure requires items in a list to have the same grammatical form. Option 0 mixes an infinitive ('to improve'), a participle ('developing'), and an infinitive ('to build'), breaking parallelism.

Question 49English Language and Comprehension

Which option correctly identifies the voice and tense of 'The results will have been announced by the time we arrive'?

  1. Future perfect active
  2. Present perfect passive
  3. Future perfect passive Correct answer.
  4. Future continuous passive

Explanation

The construction 'will have been announced' consists of 'will have been' + past participle, which is the future perfect passive. It indicates an action completed before a future time.

Question 50English Language and Comprehension

Which option best explains the meaning of the word 'ubiquitous' in 'Smartphones have become ubiquitous on college campuses'?

  1. Present everywhere Correct answer.
  2. Strictly regulated
  3. Quickly outdated
  4. Rarely seen

Explanation

'Ubiquitous' means existing or being everywhere at the same time. In the sentence, it describes smartphones as widely present on campuses.