Karnataka Police Constable flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Vijayanagara founding

The Vijayanagara Empire was founded in 1336 by Harihara and Bukka on the banks of the Tungabhadra river, with its capital at Hampi.

Battle of Talikota

Fought in 1565 between Vijayanagara and a Deccan Sultanate alliance; the defeat ended Vijayanagara dominance and the capital was abandoned.

Karnataka Rajyotsava

Observed on 1 November each year, marking the 1956 reorganisation of Kannada-speaking areas and the 1973 renaming of Mysore State as Karnataka.

Article 32

Grants the right to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of Fundamental Rights; Dr. Ambedkar called it the heart and soul of the Constitution.

Money Bill

Defined in Article 110, it deals only with taxation, borrowing or Consolidated Fund matters and may be introduced only in the Lok Sabha.

Basic structure doctrine

Established in Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973), holding that Parliament cannot amend the Constitution's essential features under Article 368.

Mullayanagiri

The highest peak in Karnataka, standing about 1,930 metres in the Chikkamagaluru district of the Western Ghats.

Jog Falls

A plunge waterfall on the Sharavathi river in Shivamogga district, among India's highest, formed of four distinct falls.

Tropic of Cancer

The latitude 23.5° north, passing through eight Indian states including Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura and Mizoram.

Repo rate

The rate at which the RBI lends short-term funds to commercial banks against securities; raising it generally tightens liquidity and curbs inflation.

GST slabs

India's Goods and Services Tax, launched 1 July 2017, uses rate slabs of 5, 12, 18 and 28 percent, with essentials often exempt or at lower rates.

GDP formula

Gross Domestic Product equals consumption plus investment plus government spending plus net exports, written as C + I + G + (X − M).

Ohm's law

Current through a conductor is directly proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance, expressed as V = IR at constant temperature.

Universal donor blood group

O negative red cells lack A, B and Rh D antigens, so they can be transfused to recipients of any ABO or Rh type in emergencies.

Photosynthesis equation

Six carbon dioxide molecules plus six water molecules, using light energy and chlorophyll, produce one glucose molecule and six oxygen molecules.

Scurvy

A disease caused by deficiency of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), marked by bleeding gums, poor wound healing and fatigue; prevented by citrus fruit.

Clock angle formula

The angle between hour and minute hands equals the absolute value of 30H minus 5.5M degrees, where H is hour and M is minutes.

Syllogism validity rule

A conclusion follows only if it is true in every possible Venn diagram of the premises; a single counter-diagram makes it invalid.

Odd days method

Calendar technique counting leftover days beyond complete weeks; 100 years give 5 odd days and 400 years give none, helping find weekdays.

Compound interest formula

Amount A equals P times (1 + R/100) raised to T, where P is principal, R the annual rate and T the time in years; CI = A − P.

Average speed equal distances

When two equal distances are covered at speeds x and y, average speed is 2xy divided by (x + y), not the simple mean of the speeds.

LCM and HCF relation

For any two positive integers, the product of their LCM and HCF equals the product of the two numbers themselves.

Sphere volume

The volume of a sphere of radius r is four-thirds of pi times r cubed, written as (4/3)πr³.

Kannada script origin

Kannada writing descends from the Brahmi script through the Kadamba tradition and is an abugida with an inherent vowel in each consonant.

Sandhi in Kannada

The euphonic joining of two words where the final and initial sounds combine, as in mane plus inda becoming maneyinda.

Nudigattu

A Kannada idiom whose meaning is figurative rather than literal; correct usage requires learning the phrase with an example sentence.

Kannada vibhakti

Vibhakti means grammatical case in Kannada, marking relationships such as subject, object, instrument and possession through suffixes.

Kadambas of Banavasi

An early Kannada dynasty founded by Mayurasharma in the fourth century CE, regarded as the first major kingdom to patronise Kannada.

Karnataka districts count

Karnataka currently has 31 districts; Vijayanagara, carved from Ballari in 2018 with headquarters at Hospet, is the most recent addition.

NITI Aayog

A policy think tank set up in 2015 to replace the Planning Commission, advising on development strategy rather than allocating plan funds.

Fundamental Duties

Added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976 as Article 51A, they list eleven duties of citizens and are non-justiciable like Directive Principles.

Western Ghats hotspot

A mountain range along India's west coast recognised as a UNESCO biodiversity hotspot, rich in endemic species and the source of Karnataka's west-flowing rivers.