Kerala Plus Two Urdu (DHSE) study guide
Kerala Plus Two Urdu (DHSE) · Work through your exam, one topic at a time.
Kerala's Higher Secondary (Plus Two) Urdu is a two-year DHSE course taken in Class XI and XII, examined at the end of the second year. It suits students who chose Urdu as a second or third language and want the language on their Plus Two certificate - useful for university admission in Urdu, Arabic, Islamic studies, journalism or education, and for state-level language-teaching and translation work. The Kerala Plus Two Urdu (DHSE) study guide has 7 sections and about 2,230 words.
01Prose (Nasr): Reading the prescribed lessons for meaning, method and author
The Nasr section tests whether you can read a prescribed prose lesson as a crafted piece, not merely retell it. Typical items: markazi khayal (central idea), saaransh (summary), character sketch, sabaq ka maqsad, musannif ka andaz-e-bayan, and short answers on a stated incident or line.
381 words, about 2 min02Poetry (Nazm): Single-subject poems, forms and figures of speech
A nazm carries one subject and one argument from aghaz to ikhtitam; a ghazal carries as many subjects as it has shers. Marks in this section go to markazi khayal, tashreeh of a band, san'at-e-bayani, and the poet's ahad and maqsad.
323 words, about 2 min03Ghazal: Structure, radif-qafiya, and writing tashreeh that scores
A ghazal is a string of shers in one behr (metre); each sher is complete in itself, and the shers are bound by a repeated radif with a rhyming qafiya before it. Every second line of every sher carries the radif.
308 words, about 2 min04Qawaid: Applied Urdu grammar - word classes, sentence parsing, idioms
Qawaid here is applied, not recited. Expect: kalma ki aqsam (ism, fail, harf), ism ki aqsam (ism-e-khas, ism-e-aam, ism-e-jins, ism-e-masdar, ism-e-mausul, ism-e-ishara), tazkeer-o-tanees, wahid-o-jam'a, mutazad alfaz, muhawara and zarb-ul-masal, sift-o-mausuf, izafat, and jumla ki aqsam (jumla-e-ismiya, jumla-e-failiya).
294 words, about 1 min05Insha / Tahrir: Formats, layout marks and controlled composition
Mazmoon (essay), khaka (sketch), report or nazar, khat (rasmi and ghair-rasmi), darkhwast (application), ishtihar (public notice), kahani, safarnama, and tarjuma-e-hal. Each carries layout marks before a single sentence of content is judged, so the skeleton comes first.
294 words, about 1 min06Fahm / Tarjuma: Comprehension of unseen text and faithful translation
Fahm gives an unseen passage, sometimes prose and sometimes a stanza, and asks for jawabat, markazi khayal and word meanings. Tarjuma asks for a faithful rendering into English or Malayalam as the paper directs.
310 words, about 2 min07Literary history: Periods, authors, works and movements
Chronology, genre and author-to-work mapping across the three phases the syllabus follows: the Deccan beginnings, the Delhi–Lucknow classical age, and the twentieth-century moderns. Origin: Urdu grew from the Khariboli spoken around Delhi, enriched by Persian, Arabic and Turkish, and was earlier called Hindi, Hindustani, Dehlavi and Rekhta.
320 words, about 2 min