Translation and Applied Language Use
What the domain tests
Translation items ask you to render short sentences between Persian and English or Kannada, and applied items test idioms, polite formulas, and context-appropriate usage. The focus is meaning and natural grammar, not word-for-word substitution.
Core rules
- Translate sense for sense: first identify the subject, object, verb, and tense, then rebuild the sentence in the target language.
- Persian often places the verb last; English and Kannada have different natural orders, so reorder rather than copy.
- Preserve tense and negation: نرفتم = “I did not go”, not “I went”.
- Keep polite formulas natural: خواهش میکنم = “you’re welcome” or “please”, depending on context; ببخشید = “excuse me/sorry”.
- Do not translate ezafe as a separate word; express possession naturally.
Worked example
Translate into English: من دیروز از مدرسه به خانه رفتم. Reasoning: من = I; دیروز = yesterday; از مدرسه = from school; به خانه = to home; رفتم = went. Natural English: Yesterday I went home from school. A word-for-word version - “I yesterday from school to home went” - is grammatically wrong in English even though every Persian word is matched.
Traps that cost marks
- Translating را as “to” or “for”; it usually marks the direct object and often disappears in English.
- Missing the past/present distinction carried by stems.
- Confusing از (from), به (to), and با (with).
- Rendering idioms literally instead of giving their accepted meaning.
- Leaving Persian script or transliteration inside an English translation when the task asks for English only.