KVS PRT flashcards
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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Present perfect tense
- Formed with has/have plus the past participle. It describes an action completed at an unspecified time or continuing to the present, often with 'since' or 'for'.
- Active to passive voice
- Move the object to subject position and use a form of 'be' plus the past participle, keeping the original tense: 'She writes letters' becomes 'Letters are written by her'.
- Antonym of 'benevolent'
- The antonym is malevolent, meaning wishing harm to others. Benevolent means kind and generous, so the opposite must carry a hostile, ill-wishing sense.
- Article use before vowel sounds
- 'An' is chosen by sound, not spelling: 'an hour', 'an honest man', but 'a university' and 'a European', because those begin with consonant sounds.
- स्वर के भेद
- हिंदी में स्वर के तीन भेद होते हैं-ह्रस्व (अ, इ, उ), दीर्घ (आ, ई, ऊ) और प्लुत। कुल स्वर ग्यारह माने जाते हैं।
- तत्पुरुष समास
- वह समास जिसमें उत्तर पद प्रधान होता है और पूर्व पद विभक्ति लुप्त रहता है; जैसे राजपुत्र अर्थात राजा का पुत्र।
- उपसर्ग की परिभाषा
- वे शब्दांश जो किसी शब्द के आरम्भ में जुड़कर उसका अर्थ बदल देते हैं; जैसे 'अनु' से अनुशासन, 'प्रति' से प्रतिदिन।
- कर्मवाच्य
- जिस वाक्य में क्रिया कर्म के अनुसार चलती है और कर्ता गौण हो जाता है; जैसे 'राम के द्वारा पत्र लिखा गया'।
- Drafting Committee chairman
- Dr B. R. Ambedkar chaired the Drafting Committee of the Indian Constitution, which was adopted on 26 November 1949 and enforced on 26 January 1950.
- Fundamental Duties source
- Fundamental Duties were inserted by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976 on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee; they sit in Part IVA.
- National animal of India
- The Royal Bengal tiger is India's national animal, chosen in 1973 to represent the country's wildlife heritage and now protected under Project Tiger.
- Tropic of Cancer in India
- The Tropic of Cancer passes through eight Indian states, including Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura and Mizoram.
- SI unit of pressure
- The pascal (Pa) is the SI unit of pressure, equal to one newton per square metre. Atmospheric pressure is also measured in bar or millibar.
- Blood relation: maternal uncle
- A maternal uncle is the brother of one's mother. In family-tree puzzles he is drawn on the mother's side and is male, distinguishing him from paternal uncle.
- Rank from opposite end
- In a row of N people, a person ranked n from the left has rank N − n + 1 from the right; this formula solves most linear ranking questions.
- Syllogism validity rule
- A conclusion follows only if it is true in every possible Venn diagram consistent with the premises; a single counter-diagram makes it invalid.
- Circular seating: facing centre
- When people face the centre of a circle, a person's left-hand neighbour sits clockwise from them and the right-hand neighbour sits anticlockwise.
- Letter position coding
- Assign A=1 through Z=26, then test constant shifts, reversals, or alternating patterns. The pair (E, J) shows a shift of +5.
- Difference between RAM and ROM
- RAM is volatile working memory that loses data on power-off; ROM is non-volatile and retains firmware permanently. RAM is larger in modern systems.
- Absolute cell reference
- A reference written as $A$1 with dollar signs before both column and row, so it does not change when a formula is copied to other cells.
- Bcc in email
- Blind carbon copy sends a copy to recipients whose addresses are hidden from other recipients. It protects privacy when mailing large groups.
- Trojan horse malware
- A trojan disguises itself as legitimate software to trick users into installing it, then performs harmful actions such as data theft or backdoor access.
- Ctrl+Z and Ctrl+Y
- Ctrl+Z undoes the last action in most Windows applications, while Ctrl+Y redoes an action that was just undone, restoring the change.
- Piaget's concrete operational stage
- Spanning roughly ages 7 to 11, this stage is marked by conservation, classification, seriation and reversible thinking, though reasoning stays tied to concrete objects.
- Zone of Proximal Development
- Vygotsky's term for the gap between what a learner can do alone and what they can do with guidance; scaffolding within this zone promotes development.
- Kohlberg's conventional level
- The second level of moral reasoning, where right and wrong are judged by social approval and law-and-order conformity rather than by punishment or personal gain.
- Dyscalculia
- A specific learning disability affecting number sense, arithmetic facts and calculation, despite otherwise normal intelligence and adequate instruction.
- Revised Bloom's taxonomy order
- The six cognitive levels run Remember, Understand, Apply, Analyse, Evaluate and Create, moving from lower-order recall to higher-order synthesis and production.
- RTE Act age range
- The Right to Education Act, 2009 guarantees free and compulsory elementary education to all children aged 6 to 14 years as a fundamental right.
- CCE meaning
- Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation assesses scholastic and co-scholastic growth throughout the year using multiple tools, replacing single terminal examinations.
- Erikson: industry versus inferiority
- The psychosocial crisis of school-age children (about 6–12), resolved positively when children master skills and gain competence through encouragement and successful tasks.
- Inclusive education principle
- Inclusive education places diverse learners, including those with disabilities, in mainstream classrooms and adapts curriculum, teaching and assessment to meet their needs.