Textiles, Clothing Construction and Care
Textiles, Clothing Construction and Care tests fibre properties, fabric structure, basic clothing construction and correct washing and storage of garments.
Fibres and fabrics
Cotton is absorbent, cool and washable; linen is strong and cool; wool is warm and absorbent but shrinks in hot water; silk is lustrous and delicate. Polyester is strong and quick-drying but less absorbent; nylon is very strong; rayon is semi-synthetic. Blends combine properties. Plain weave is strong and stable, twill has diagonal ribs, and satin has a lustrous surface.
Clothing construction
Take body measurements, choose a pattern, place it on the fabric grain, mark seam allowance, cut, stitch and finish seams and hems. Fasteners and facings give a neat finish. Correct grain and seam allowance affect fit and strength.
Care
Read the care label. Wash cotton in hot or warm water; wash silk and wool in cool water with mild detergent, do not wring, and dry in shade; iron synthetics at low heat. Bleach only fabrics that tolerate it. Remove stains promptly.
Worked example
Question: Choose a fabric for a summer school uniform in Maharashtra. Reasoning: the fabric must be absorbent, washable and comfortable in heat. Cotton plain weave in a light colour is suitable because it absorbs sweat, allows air movement and withstands frequent washing.
Traps
Silk should not be dried in direct sunlight; wool shrinks in hot water; high iron heat can melt polyester; cutting against the grain spoils fit; not all fabrics tolerate bleach.