Maharashtra SSC Gujarati L2/L3 (MSBSHSE) flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

અર્થગ્રહણ

Comprehension: reading a given Gujarati passage and answering questions on its main idea, details, implied meaning, and vocabulary. Answers should be short, in Gujarati, and drawn from the passage rather than invented.

સંધિ

Sandhi is the joining of two sounds or words where the ending of the first and the beginning of the second merge or change. In Gujarati school grammar you identify the type and split the joined form back into its parts.

સમાસ

Samas is a compound word formed by combining two or more words into one unit. You name the type (e.g. દ્વંદ્વ, તત્પુરુષ, કર્મધારય, બહુવ્રીહિ) and expand the compound into its constituent words.

અલંકાર

Alankar is a figure of speech that decorates meaning or sound. ઉપમા compares with જેવું/સમ; રૂપક identifies one thing as another; ઉત્પ્રેક્ષા attributes imagined action; અનુપ્રાસ repeats sounds.

છંદ

Chhand is poetic metre. You identify the metre of a given verse line by its syllable pattern and note the number of lines and the rhyme scheme where asked.

વિરામચિહ્ન

Punctuation marks in Gujarati writing: પૂર્ણવિરામ (full stop), અલ્પવિરામ (comma), પ્રશ્નાર્થ (question mark), ઉદ્ગાર (exclamation), અવતરણ ચિહ્ન (quotation marks). Correct use is tested by inserting marks in unpunctuated sentences.

જોડણી

Spelling. Gujarati spelling rules govern vowel signs, the treatment of અ and આ, doubled consonants, and the spelling of borrowed words. Questions give a misspelt word to correct or ask you to spot the correctly spelt option.

વિરુદ્ધાર્થી શબ્દ

Antonym: a word with the opposite meaning, e.g. ઉંચું–નીચું, દિવસ–રાત. The question gives one word and expects one correct opposite word in Gujarati.

સમાનાર્થી શબ્દ

Synonym: a different word carrying the same or nearly the same meaning, e.g. સૂર્ય–રવિ, પાણી–જળ. The answer must be a single Gujarati word, not an explanation.

શબ્દસમૂહ માટે એક શબ્દ

One-word substitution: replacing a descriptive phrase with a single Gujarati word, e.g. જેને જીતી શકાય નહીં → અજેય. Answers are single words; grammatical form must match the phrase.

કહેવત

Proverb. Questions ask for the meaning of a given proverb or for completion of a half-given proverb. The wording is fixed by tradition, so paraphrase loses marks; reproduce the standard form.

ઔપચારિક પત્ર

Formal letter: written to an office, editor, or authority. It carries sender address, date, receiver designation, subject line, salutation, body in formal register, and closing. Format carries separate marks.

અનૌપચારિક પત્ર

Informal letter to a relative or friend. It uses a personal, conversational register, includes address and date, and typically narrates news, invites, or describes an event.

નિબંધ

Essay writing. A scored essay needs a title, an opening paragraph stating the topic, two or three developed body paragraphs with examples, and a concluding paragraph. Marks are given for content, organisation, and language.

ફલક વિસ્તાર

Expansion of a given line or proverb into a short paragraph: state the meaning of the line, illustrate it with an example or short incident, and close with the lesson it conveys.

સંવાદ લેખન

Dialogue writing: a conversation between two named speakers on a given situation, written with speaker names followed by speech, keeping turn-taking natural and the register appropriate.

ગદ્ય

Prose. In the literature section, prose extracts are tested for theme, character, incident, and the author's message, with answers in complete Gujarati sentences.

પદ્ય

Poetry. Questions on a prescribed verse ask for the central sentiment (ભાવ), the figure of speech used, the metre, and the poet's name.

કેન્દ્રીય ભાવ

Central theme or sentiment of a passage or poem. A good answer states the main idea in one sentence and supports it with one detail from the text.

પાત્ર

Character. Character questions ask what a figure did, said, or was like, and require evidence from the text rather than a general opinion.

લેખક પરિચય

Author introduction: name, period, and major works of the prescribed author. These are short factual recall questions and answers must give the exact name.

કૃતિ પરિચય

Work introduction: title, genre, and author of a prescribed piece. Questions may ask you to match title with author or to state the genre.

વાક્ય રચના

Sentence construction: turning given words into a grammatically complete Gujarati sentence with correct agreement of subject, verb, and gender-number.

ક્રિયાપદ

Verb. Gujarati verbs agree with the subject in person, number, and gender in perfective forms; identifying the verb and its subject is a common grammar question.

લિંગ

Grammatical gender. Gujarati nouns are masculine, feminine, or neuter; the gender controls adjective and verb agreement, so it must be identified before completing a sentence.

વચન

Grammatical number, singular or plural. Gujarati plurals change the noun ending and affect the verb; questions ask you to convert a sentence between singular and plural.

કાળ

Tense: present, past, future. Questions give a sentence and ask for conversion into another tense, keeping person, number, and gender agreement correct.

પ્રત્યક્ષ કર્તરી

Active voice: the subject performs the action. Voice-change questions require converting to passive (કર્મણી) while preserving tense and agreement.

સીધું વાક્ય

Direct speech, quoted in quotation marks. Conversion to indirect speech changes pronouns, tense, and reporting verb according to standard Gujarati rules.

અર્થ સ્પષ્ટીકરણ

Explaining the meaning of a given line, word, or proverb in your own Gujarati words, keeping the sense exact and the language simple.

શબ્દભંડોળ

Vocabulary range tested through synonyms, antonyms, one-word substitutions, and idiom meanings. Answers are single words or fixed phrases, so approximate wording loses marks.

રચનાત્મક લેખન

Creative writing section covering letter, essay, expansion, and dialogue. Each form has a fixed layout, and layout plus language accuracy together determine the score.