MP Apex Bank Exam cheat sheet

Inequality chain rule: in A > B ≥ C = D, the only certain conclusions are A > C, A ≥ D, B ≥ D; the direction of the open end must never be reversed.

Syllogism: 'Some A are B' plus 'All B are C' yields 'Some A are C'; two Particular premises never yield a Universal conclusion, and two Negative premises yield no conclusion.

Blood relations: draw a tree, not prose. Vertical line = parent-child generation, horizontal line = spouse or sibling; '+' male, '−' female.

Seating arrangement: for a circle of n facing the centre, positions are n apart for opposite and adjacent anticlockwise means left; facing outward reverses left and right.

Coding-decoding: first test letter-shift (constant or progressive ±1, ±2), then reversal, then letter-sum; positional value A=1 … Z=26.

Direction sense: use coordinates. North = +y, East = +x; shortest distance = √(x² + y²), and a 90° left turn from North gives West.

Series: check difference, then ratio, then squares/cubes ± constant, then alternating two-series; prime-based series skip 1.

Data sufficiency: a statement is sufficient only if it gives exactly one value; if two statements each independently work, answer 'either alone is sufficient'.

Percentage change: successive changes of a% and b% give net change a + b + ab/100; a 20% rise then 20% fall leaves a net 4% loss.

Simple interest SI = PRT/100; compound interest CI = P(1 + R/100)^T − P; for 2 years the CI − SI gap equals P(R/100)².

Profit and loss: SP = CP × (100 + P%)/100; when two articles are sold at the same price with equal ±x%, there is always a loss of (x²/100)%.

Time-speed-distance: convert km/h to m/s by ×5/18; a train of length L crossing a platform of length P takes (L + P)/speed.

Boats: downstream speed = b + s, upstream = b − s, so b = (D + U)/2 and s = (D − U)/2.

Time and work: use rate units per day; if A does 1/a and B does 1/b per day, together they finish in ab/(a + b) days.

Averages: new average after adding a value x to n items = (n·A + x)/(n + 1); equal additions to every term leave the average unchanged but shift the variance not at all.

Permutation and combination: arrangements of n distinct objects = n!; selections = nCr = n!/[r!(n − r)!]; circular arrangements of n = (n − 1)!.

Subject-verb agreement: 'one of the + plural noun' takes a singular verb; 'each, every, either, neither' are singular; 'none' follows the noun it refers to.

Articles: 'a' before consonant sounds (a university, a one-rupee coin), 'an' before vowel sounds (an hour, an MLA); 'the' with superlatives, rivers, and unique things.

Tenses: since/for + present perfect (has worked here since 2019); past perfect for the earlier of two past actions.

Prepositions: 'discuss' and 'comprise' take no preposition; 'comprise' ≠ 'comprise of'; 'consist of', 'composed of', 'deprived of', 'capable of'.

Error spotting order: check verb agreement, then tense, then preposition, then article, then pronoun reference, then word order.

Cloze test: read the whole passage first; the correct option must fit both grammar (collocation, preposition) and meaning (positive/negative tone).

Reading comprehension: answer strictly from the passage; extreme words like 'always', 'never', 'only' in an option usually signal a wrong inference.

Idioms: 'to bite the bullet' = to endure a painful situation; 'to bell the cat' = to take the risk; 'once in a blue moon' = very rarely.

RBI was established on 1 April 1935 under the RBI Act, 1934, nationalised in 1949; headquarters moved to Mumbai in 1937.

Monetary policy is set by the six-member Monetary Policy Committee; the inflation target is 4% CPI with a tolerance band of 2%–6%.

Bank rate, repo rate, reverse repo, CRR and SLR are quantitative tools; moral suasion and margin requirements are qualitative tools.

Madhya Pradesh: capital Bhopal, formed 1 November 1956, largest city Indore, and the state is called the 'Heart of India' for its central location.

MP national parks include Kanha, Bandhavgarh, Satpura, Pench, Panna and Madhav (Shivpuri); Sanchi stupa and Khajuraho are UNESCO World Heritage Sites in MP.

MP rivers: Narmada (west-flowing, in a rift valley), Tapti, Betwa, Chambal and Son; the Chambal is known for its ravines.

Financial regulators: SEBI for securities, IRDAI for insurance, PFRDA for pensions, NABARD for rural credit, and RBI for banking and payment systems.

Direct taxes are levied on income and wealth (income tax, corporate tax); indirect taxes fall on goods and services, with GST replacing many of them from 1 July 2017.

1 byte = 8 bits; 1 KB = 1024 bytes, 1 MB = 1024 KB, 1 GB = 1024 MB, 1 TB = 1024 GB.

RAM is volatile and holds running programs; ROM is non-volatile and holds firmware such as the BIOS; cache sits between CPU and RAM.

OSI has seven layers (Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application); TCP works at Transport, IP at Network.

IPv4 addresses are 32-bit and written as four octets; IPv6 addresses are 128-bit and written in hexadecimal.

Keyboard shortcuts: Ctrl+C copy, Ctrl+X cut, Ctrl+V paste, Ctrl+Z undo, Ctrl+Y redo, Ctrl+P print, Ctrl+S save, Alt+F4 close window.

Excel: a formula begins with '='; '$A$1' is an absolute reference, 'A1' relative; SUM, AVERAGE, COUNT and IF are common functions.

Malware types: virus attaches to files, worm self-replicates over networks, trojan disguises as useful software, ransomware encrypts data for payment.

Banking tech terms: NEFT, RTGS (minimum ₹2 lakh), IMPS, UPI, NPCI (operator of UPI and RuPay), and SWIFT for cross-border messaging.

Banking Regulation Act, 1949 defines banking as accepting deposits of money repayable on demand, for lending or investment.

Deposits are insured by DICGC up to ₹5 lakh per depositor per bank, covering principal plus interest.

Priority sector lending target is 40% of adjusted net bank credit for domestic commercial banks; agriculture sub-target is 18%.

KYC is mandatory under the PMLA, 2002; small accounts and simplified KYC exist for low-risk customers with limits on balance and credits.

NPA classification: substandard (up to 12 months), doubtful (over 12 months), loss asset; SARFAESI Act, 2002 allows enforcement without court intervention.

Basel III norms require minimum CET1 of 4.5%, Tier 1 of 6% and total capital of 8%, plus capital conservation buffer.

Cheque truncation system (CTS) uses a standard cheque image; a cheque is valid for 3 months from its date unless otherwise stated.

Financial inclusion: PMJDY (Jan Dhan accounts), Mudra loans (Shishu, Kishor, Tarun), Stand-Up India, and DBT through Aadhaar-linked accounts.

संधि: स्वर संधि में दो स्वर मिलते हैं - विद्या + आलय = विद्यालय (दीर्घ संधि); हिम + आलय = हिमालय।

समास: तत्पुरुष में उत्तर पद प्रधान (राजपुत्र = राजा का पुत्र), बहुव्रीहि में दोनों से भिन्न अर्थ (दशानन = दस सिर वाला रावण)।

उपसर्ग अर्थ बदलते हैं - अनु + शासन = अनुशासन; प्र + हार = प्रहार; संधि और उपसर्ग दोनों शब्द-निर्माण के साधन हैं।

संज्ञा के भेद: व्यक्तिवाचक, जातिवाचक, भाववाचक, द्रव्यवाचक; 'सुंदरता' भाववाचक संज्ञा है।

वाच्य: कर्तृवाच्य में कर्ता प्रधान, कर्मवाच्य में कर्म, भाववाच्य में क्रिया अकर्मक होती है - 'मोहन ने पत्र लिखा' कर्तृवाच्य है।

मुहावरे: 'नौ दो ग्यारह होना' = भाग जाना; 'आँख का तारा' = बहुत प्रिय; 'अंधे की लाठी' = एकमात्र सहारा।

विलोम शब्द: अमृत–विष, उत्कर्ष–अपकर्ष, सजीव–निर्जीव; पर्यायवाची: कमल - पंकज, नीरज, सरोज, जलज।

वर्तनी और शब्द-शुद्धि: 'पूर्ण', 'अत्यधिक', 'क्षेत्र', 'विद्यार्थी' शुद्ध रूप हैं; 'ज्यादा' के स्थान पर मानक हिंदी में 'अधिक' प्रयुक्त होता है।