MP Apex Bank Exam key terms

A reasoning method in which two or more given statements are assumed true and a conclusion is tested for logical certainty. Questions ask which conclusions definitely follow, irrespective of real-world facts.

A technique of drawing circles to represent sets in syllogism or set-based puzzles, so that overlapping, disjoint, and subset relations become visible and conclusions can be verified quickly.

A situation in syllogism where two conclusions individually are not certain, but one of them must be true because together they cover all possibilities; the answer is marked as either follows.

A reasoning question describing family ties through statements or coded symbols, requiring the candidate to identify how two persons are related, such as uncle, sister-in-law, or grandfather.

A direction-sense problem where movements are given in symbols or letters instead of north, south, east, west; the candidate decodes the code and finds final distance or facing direction.

A question type giving positions of persons in a row or ranks from top and bottom, used to calculate total number, position from the other end, or the number of persons between two positions.

A puzzle placing people around a circle or in a straight line with clues about facing direction and neighbours. Linear and circular variants are common in bank prelims and mains reasoning sections.

A puzzle in which persons live on different floors of a building and clues fix who stays where. Candidates build a floor-wise table and eliminate impossible placements step by step.

A reasoning question showing a sequence of steps that rearrange a given line of words or numbers by a fixed rule; the candidate must apply the same rule to a new input.

A question where words or letters are written in a code according to a pattern, and the candidate must decode a new word or encode one using the same rule.

A sequence mixing letters, numbers, and symbols, followed by questions about how many digits are preceded by a symbol or how many letters lie between two given characters.

A quantitative or reasoning question that supplies two or three statements and asks whether the data given is enough to answer the question, without actually computing the final value.

A question giving two quantities, usually labelled I and II, where the candidate decides which is greater, whether both are equal, or whether comparison is not possible.

A shortcut technique of rounding numbers to convenient values so that a calculation can be completed quickly in a timed exam, accepting a small acceptable error in the answer.

A numerical ability question requiring the value of an expression involving brackets, powers, and mixed operations, solved by applying BODMAS order of operations correctly.

A sequence of numbers following a hidden rule such as addition, multiplication, squares, or alternating patterns, where the candidate finds the missing or wrong term.

A comparison question giving two equations of the form ax squared plus bx plus c equals zero; the candidate finds the roots of each and compares them to establish the relationship between x and y.

A set of questions based on a table, bar graph, pie chart, or line graph, requiring calculation of percentages, averages, ratios, and growth from the given data.

A data interpretation set presented as a short paragraph of text instead of a chart or table; the candidate must extract numerical facts from prose and answer the questions.

Two methods of computing interest on money. Simple interest is charged only on the principal, while compound interest is charged on principal plus accumulated interest, so it grows faster.

Arithmetic problems involving cost price, selling price, marked price, discount, and profit percentage, often combined with successive discounts or dishonest-dealer scenarios.

Problems relating speed, time, and distance, including trains crossing poles or platforms, boats and streams, and relative speed of two moving objects.

A passage with some words removed and blanks numbered; the candidate chooses the word or phrase that best fits each blank, testing vocabulary and contextual grammar together.

A grammar question where a sentence is divided into parts, one of which contains an error in grammar or usage; the candidate identifies that part or states that no error exists.

A question offering a phrase in a sentence that may be replaced by one of several alternatives; the candidate selects the option that makes the sentence grammatically correct and meaningful.

A set of jumbled sentences that must be rearranged into a coherent paragraph. Clues come from pronouns, connectors, chronology, and the opening and closing ideas.

A passage followed by questions on main idea, inference, tone, and specific detail. Bank exams often include a passage on banking, economy, or current affairs.

A short-term borrowing arrangement in which a bank sells securities to the RBI with an agreement to buy them back later at a slightly higher price; the repo rate is the cost of such funds.

The opposite of a repo: the RBI absorbs liquidity from banks by borrowing against securities. The reverse repo rate is normally lower than the repo rate and forms part of the liquidity adjustment framework.

The share of a bank's net demand and time liabilities that must be kept as cash with the RBI. It earns no interest and is used to control liquidity in the banking system.

The minimum percentage of net demand and time liabilities that a bank must hold in liquid assets such as government securities, cash, or gold, in addition to the cash reserve requirement.

A mandate requiring banks to give a fixed share of credit to sectors such as agriculture, micro enterprises, education, housing, and weaker sections, as specified by RBI guidelines.

A loan or advance on which principal or interest has remained overdue for more than ninety days. NPAs are classified as substandard, doubtful, and loss assets based on ageing.

A 2016 Indian law creating a time-bound process to resolve insolvency of companies and individuals, with the National Company Law Tribunal adjudicating corporate insolvency and a committee of creditors approving resolution plans.

A 2002 law allowing secured creditors such as banks to enforce security interest and take possession of mortgaged assets without court intervention when a borrower defaults.

A real-time payment system run by NPCI that lets users transfer money between bank accounts using a virtual payment address or mobile number, without entering account details each time.

National Payments Corporation of India, an umbrella organisation that operates retail payment systems including UPI, RuPay, IMPS, NACH, and AePS under RBI guidance.

Immediate Payment Service, a 24x7 interbank electronic fund transfer system operated by NPCI that allows instant transfers through mobile banking, internet banking, or ATMs.

The computer's directly accessible storage, namely RAM and ROM, which the processor reads and writes while executing programs; its contents are volatile in the case of RAM.

System software that manages hardware resources, schedules processes, handles files and memory, and provides a user interface so that application programs can run.

Any software written to damage, disrupt, or gain unauthorised access to a computer system, including viruses, worms, trojans, ransomware, and spyware.

A fraud in which attackers impersonate a bank or trusted service through email, SMS, or fake websites to trick users into revealing passwords, OTPs, or card details.

The mandatory process by which banks verify the identity and address of customers using documents such as Aadhaar, PAN, or passport, to prevent money laundering and fraud.

वह शब्द जिसमें उपसर्ग या प्रत्यय जोड़े बिना उसका मूल अर्थ बना रहता है, जैसे 'लिख' से लिखना, लेखक और लिखावट बनते हैं।

वह अक्षर या अक्षर-समूह जो किसी शब्द के आरम्भ में जुड़कर उसके अर्थ में परिवर्तन या विशेषता लाता है, जैसे 'अन' जोड़ने पर अनपढ़।

वह अक्षर या अक्षर-समूह जो किसी शब्द के अंत में जुड़कर नया शब्द या नया अर्थ बनाता है, जैसे 'ता' जोड़ने पर मिठास से मिठासता का भाव।

दो वर्णों के मेल से होने वाले परिवर्तन को संधि कहते हैं, जैसे विद्या और आलय मिलकर विद्यालय बनते हैं; इसके स्वर, व्यंजन और विसर्ग भेद हैं।

दो या अधिक शब्दों के मेल से बने संक्षिप्त पद को समास कहते हैं, जैसे राजपुत्र अर्थात राजा का पुत्र; इसके तत्पुरुष, द्वंद्व, बहुव्रीहि आदि भेद हैं।

ऐसा वाक्यांश जो अपने शब्दों के सामान्य अर्थ के बजाय विशेष लाक्षणिक अर्थ में प्रयुक्त होता है, जैसे 'आँख का तारा' का अर्थ अत्यंत प्रिय।

जनसमाज में प्रचलित ऐसा सूक्ति-वाक्य जो किसी अनुभव या नीति को संक्षेप में व्यक्त करता है, जैसे 'अंधों में काना राजा'।