OSSTET flashcards
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34 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Elements of art
- The basic visual components used to build any artwork: line, shape, form, space, colour, texture and value. Value refers to relative lightness or darkness, not cost.
- Complementary colours
- Pairs of colours lying opposite each other on the colour wheel, such as red and green or blue and orange. Placed side by side they heighten contrast and visual vibration.
- Madhubani painting
- A folk painting tradition of Bihar's Mithila region, recognised by bold line work, double outlines and flat colour with no shading. Themes usually draw on mythology and ritual life.
- One-point perspective
- A drawing system in which parallel lines receding into depth converge at a single vanishing point on the horizon line, creating an illusion of three-dimensional space on a flat surface.
- Rasa theory
- Bharata's Natyashastra framework in which aesthetic emotion arises from a permanent mood, such as shringara from love or karuna from sorrow, and is savoured by the spectator.
- Molarity
- The concentration of a solution expressed as moles of solute dissolved per litre of final solution. It changes slightly with temperature because solution volume expands on heating.
- Henderson–Hasselbalch equation
- pH = pKa + log([salt]/[acid]) for a buffer solution. It predicts that buffer pH stays nearly constant when small amounts of strong acid or base are added.
- RuBisCO
- The enzyme that catalyses carbon dioxide fixation in the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis. It is regarded as the most abundant protein on Earth and works in the chloroplast stroma.
- Binomial nomenclature
- Linnaeus's two-part naming system giving each species a genus name (capitalised) and a species epithet (lower case), both italicised, for example Homo sapiens.
- Dihybrid F2 ratio
- In Mendel's dihybrid cross, the second filial generation shows the phenotypic ratio 9:3:3:1 when the two genes assort independently and show complete dominance.
- विद्यालय में संधि
- विद्या + आलय = विद्यालय। यहाँ 'आ' और 'आ' मिलकर दीर्घ 'आ' बनते हैं, अतः यह दीर्घ संधि का उदाहरण है।
- बहुव्रीहि समास
- वह समास जिसमें कोई भी पद प्रधान न होकर समस्त पद किसी तीसरे अर्थ का बोध कराता है, जैसे 'दशानन' का अर्थ दस मुख वाला रावण है।
- अनुप्रास अलंकार
- जहाँ एक ही वर्ण की आवृत्ति एक से अधिक बार होती है और उससे ध्वनि-सौंदर्य उत्पन्न होता है, वहाँ अनुप्रास अलंकार माना जाता है।
- कर्मवाच्य
- जिस वाक्य में क्रिया कर्म के अनुसार चलती है और कर्ता 'से' या 'के द्वारा' के साथ आता है, उसे कर्मवाच्य कहते हैं; जैसे 'राम से पत्र लिखा गया'।
- वीर रस
- जहाँ उत्साह स्थायी भाव रहता है और युद्ध, दान या धर्म के प्रति साहस का वर्णन होता है, वहाँ वीर रस होता है; इसका देवता इंद्र माने जाते हैं।
- Work-energy theorem
- The net work done by all forces acting on a body equals the change in its kinetic energy. It holds for variable as well as constant forces along a path.
- Mirror formula
- 1/f = 1/v + 1/u relates focal length, image distance and object distance for a spherical mirror, with signs assigned by the Cartesian sign convention.
- Le Chatelier's principle
- When a system at equilibrium is disturbed by a change in concentration, pressure or temperature, the equilibrium shifts in the direction that partially opposes that change.
- Definite integral as area
- The definite integral of a non-negative function between two limits equals the area bounded by its curve, the x-axis and the two vertical lines at those limits.
- Binomial distribution
- A probability distribution for n independent trials with constant success probability p; its mean is np and its variance is npq, where q = 1 - p.
- सन्धिः
- द्वयोः वर्णयोः सन्निधौ सति तयोः स्थाने एकस्य वर्णस्य आदेशः सन्धिः इति उच्यते; यथा विद्या + आलयः = विद्यालयः इति दीर्घसन्धिः।
- लङ् लकारः
- अनद्यतनभूतकालार्थे प्रयुज्यमानः लकारः; अस्य प्रत्ययाः अद्यतनभूते लुङ् इव न भवन्ति, यथा 'अपठत्' इति पदं पठ् धातोः लङ्-रूपम्।
- बहुव्रीहिसमासः
- यस्मिन् समासे अन्यपदार्थः प्रधानः भवति, न कश्चित् पदार्थः; यथा 'दशाननः' इति रावणः, 'चक्रपाणिः' इति विष्णुः।
- कारकाणि
- क्रियान्वये सहायकानि षट् पदार्थरूपाणि - कर्ता, कर्म, करणम्, सम्प्रदानम्, अपादानम्, अधिकरणम् इति; एतेषां विभक्तयः क्रमेण प्रथमा आदयः भवन्ति।
- అకార సంధి
- పదం చివరి 'అ' కారం తరువాత 'ఆ' కారం వచ్చినప్పుడు రెండూ కలిసి 'ఆ' కారంగా మారే సంధి; ఉదా. రామ + ఆలయము = రామాలయము.
- ద్విగు సమాసం
- సంఖ్యావాచక పదం మొదట ఉండి, సమస్తపదం ఆ సంఖ్యను సూచించే సమాసం; ఉదా. త్రిలోకాలు (మూడు లోకాలు), నవరత్నాలు.
- ఉపమాలంకారం
- ఉపమేయాన్ని ఉపమానంతో పోల్చి చెప్పే అలంకారం; ఇందులో ఉపమేయం, ఉపమానం, ఉపమావాచకం (వలె, లాగా) ఉంటాయి.
- గురువు, లఘువు
- ఛందస్సులో గురువు ఒక మాత్ర కాలం పట్టే అక్షరం, లఘువు అర్థ మాత్ర పట్టే అక్షరం; వృత్తాల గణాలు వీటి ఆధారంగానే నిర్ణయించబడతాయి.
- Do-chashmi he
- The Urdu letter ھ, written as a small loop, added after a consonant to mark aspiration, as in بھ, پھ, تھ and کھ. It never carries an independent sound of its own.
- Ghazal ka matla
- The opening sher of a ghazal, in which both misre rhyme and carry the radif. The closing sher, carrying the poet's name, is called the maqta.
- Fail-e-lazim
- An Urdu verb that does not require an object to complete its meaning, such as sona (to sleep). It contrasts with fail-e-muta'addi, which needs a maf'ool.
- VO2 max
- The maximum rate at which a person can take up and use oxygen during intense exercise, expressed in millilitres per kilogram per minute. It is the key marker of aerobic fitness.
- Isometric contraction
- A muscle contraction in which tension develops but the muscle length stays constant and no joint movement occurs, for example holding a plank position against gravity.
- PRICE protocol
- Acute soft-tissue injury management: Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation. It limits swelling and pain in the first 24 to 48 hours after a sprain or strain.