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Punjab PSEB Matric NSQF Apparel Made-Ups study materials
Punjab PSEB Matric NSQF Apparel Made-Ups study resources

Punjab PSEB Matric NSQF Apparel Made-Ups practice questions

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Question 1Introduction to the Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector and Career Opportunities

In the apparel, made-ups and home furnishing sector, which term describes fabric items such as bed sheets, towels, curtains and cushion covers that are stitched for household use rather than worn as garments?

  1. Made-ups Correct answer.
  2. Trims
  3. Yarn
  4. Grey fabric

Explanation

Made-ups are finished fabric products stitched for domestic or institutional use, such as bed linen, towels and curtains, and they form a distinct product group from wearable apparel. Yarn and grey fabric are earlier-stage textile materials, while trims are the small components attached to garments.

Question 2Introduction to the Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector and Career Opportunities

A candidate wants to work as the person who drafts the paper pattern, selects the fabric and decides seam and stitch details for a new home furnishing collection. Which job role matches this work?

  1. Fashion designer Correct answer.
  2. Sampling tailor
  3. Quality inspector
  4. Merchandiser

Explanation

The designer role covers conceiving the product, drafting or guiding the pattern, choosing fabrics and specifying construction details for a collection. The other roles act later in the chain, on sample stitching, inspection or order coordination.

Question 3Introduction to the Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector and Career Opportunities

Which stage of the textile-to-apparel value chain immediately follows spinning?

  1. Retail display
  2. Weaving or knitting Correct answer.
  3. Fibre cultivation
  4. Garment stitching

Explanation

The chain runs from fibre to yarn by spinning, then yarn to fabric by weaving or knitting, then fabric to product by cutting and stitching, and finally to the consumer through retail. Weaving or knitting is therefore the step that directly consumes spun yarn.

Question 4Introduction to the Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector and Career Opportunities

In an export-oriented apparel unit, which department is mainly responsible for calculating fabric consumption per garment and preparing cost sheets for a buyer's enquiry?

  1. Cutting department
  2. Finishing department
  3. Maintenance department
  4. Merchandising department Correct answer.

Explanation

Merchandising links the buyer with the factory and prepares consumption, costing and order sheets before production begins. Cutting, finishing and maintenance execute or support production once the order is confirmed.

Question 5Introduction to the Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector and Career Opportunities

Which of these is a home furnishing product rather than an apparel item?

  1. School uniform
  2. Denim jacket
  3. Table runner Correct answer.
  4. Formal shirt

Explanation

Home furnishing covers articles used to furnish a house, such as table linen, bed linen and curtains, so a table runner belongs to this group. Shirts, uniforms and jackets are garments worn on the body and therefore fall under apparel.

Question 6Introduction to the Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector and Career Opportunities

A small unit receives an order for 5,000 curtain panels. The buyer asks for a pre-production sample before bulk cutting. Why is this sample stage important in the apparel and made-ups workflow?

  1. It confirms fit, fabric, colour and workmanship before bulk production Correct answer.
  2. It fixes the final retail selling price of the product
  3. It reduces the legal minimum wage payable to tailors
  4. It replaces the need for any final inspection

Explanation

A pre-production sample is approved by the buyer to confirm dimensions, fabric, shade and construction before bulk cutting, so errors are corrected while they are still cheap to fix. It does not set retail prices, remove the need for final inspection, or affect statutory wages.

Question 7Introduction to the Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector and Career Opportunities

A candidate is good at measuring garments, recording defects on a checklist and comparing results with an approved specification. Which entry-level role in the sector best uses these strengths?

  1. Storekeeper
  2. Quality control assistant Correct answer.
  3. Embroidery operator
  4. Pattern master

Explanation

Quality control work involves measuring against specifications, identifying defects and recording findings on check sheets, which matches the described strengths. Pattern making, embroidery and stores work demand different primary skills.

Question 8Introduction to the Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector and Career Opportunities

Which pair correctly matches a raw material with the fabric-formation process it feeds?

  1. Cotton yarn - weaving into fabric Correct answer.
  2. Grey fabric - spinning into yarn
  3. Cotton fibre - direct stitching into garments
  4. Finished garment - knitting into fabric

Explanation

Yarn is the input to fabric formation, so cotton yarn is woven or knitted into fabric. Fibre must first be spun into yarn, and a finished garment is the end product rather than an input to knitting.

Question 9Introduction to the Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector and Career Opportunities

Why does the apparel, made-ups and home furnishing sector employ a large workforce in Punjab compared with many other manufacturing trades?

  1. It requires no raw materials from other industries
  2. It employs workers only in design studios
  3. It relies mainly on automated machines needing few workers
  4. Its cutting and stitching operations are labour-intensive and suit skill-based training Correct answer.

Explanation

Cutting, stitching, checking and finishing in this sector remain largely manual and skill-based, so trained operators can be absorbed in large numbers. The sector does use machinery, raw materials and factory floor labour, so the other statements misdescribe it.

Question 10Introduction to the Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector and Career Opportunities

A trainee is asked to identify the correct sequence of operations for making a stitched cushion cover from roll fabric. Which order is technically correct?

  1. Pressing → stitching → cutting → fabric inspection
  2. Fabric inspection → cutting → stitching → finishing and packing Correct answer.
  3. Cutting → fabric inspection → packing → stitching
  4. Stitching → cutting → fabric inspection → pressing

Explanation

Fabric is inspected and spread before cutting, the cut components are then stitched, and finishing and packing close the sequence. Any order that stitches before cutting or packs before stitching cannot produce a correct product.

Question 11Introduction to the Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector and Career Opportunities

Which statement best explains why sampling and grading are treated as separate skilled jobs in apparel production?

  1. Both jobs are identical and differ only in the machine used
  2. Grading is done by the buyer, while sampling is done by the retailer
  3. Sampling makes the first approved prototype, while grading derives the full size range from the base pattern Correct answer.
  4. Sampling produces all sizes, while grading only checks the final packing list

Explanation

Sampling creates and refines the prototype that the buyer approves, and grading then systematically enlarges or reduces that base pattern into the required sizes. They are distinct skill sets even though they both work from patterns.

Question 12Introduction to the Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector and Career Opportunities

A factory wants to reduce fabric waste during cutting of bed sheets. Which practice most directly addresses this goal at the cutting stage?

  1. Adding more embroidery to the border
  2. Shifting final inspection to the buyer's premises
  3. Marking a tight lay plan that nests pattern pieces efficiently Correct answer.
  4. Increasing the number of buttons on the article

Explanation

Fabric waste at cutting is controlled mainly through marker making, where pattern pieces are nested closely to use the width and length of the spread efficiently. Buttons, embroidery and inspection location do not change how much fabric the pattern consumes.

Question 13Introduction to the Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector and Career Opportunities

Which option lists only trims and accessories used in apparel and made-ups production?

  1. Sewing machines, cutting tables and irons
  2. Bed sheets, towels and curtains
  3. Cotton bales, yarn cones and loom beams
  4. Zips, buttons, interlining and labels Correct answer.

Explanation

Trims and accessories are the supporting components attached to or packed with a product, such as zips, buttons, interlining and brand labels. The other lists describe raw materials, machinery or finished products.

Question 14Introduction to the Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector and Career Opportunities

A student wants to enter the sector through a vocational route after Class 12 and eventually supervise a stitching line. Which progression is most realistic within the industry?

  1. Start directly as factory general manager and later learn stitching
  2. Start as a helper or trainee operator, gain skill and experience, then move to line supervisor Correct answer.
  3. Wait for a design degree before any factory exposure
  4. Enter only through retail sales and never enter production

Explanation

Vocational entrants typically begin as helpers or trainee operators, build machine and process competence, and are then promoted to supervisory roles. Senior management, design and retail are separate pathways that do not follow this shop-floor route.

Question 15Introduction to the Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector and Career Opportunities

A buyer rejects a consignment because the curtain panels differ in shade from the approved sample. Which explanation best fits this as a process-control failure rather than a design failure?

  1. The buyer changed the retail price after shipment
  2. The packing cartons were printed in the wrong font
  3. Fabric from different dye lots was mixed without shade matching during spreading Correct answer.
  4. The design sketch was drawn with the wrong pencil

Explanation

Shade variation between panels usually arises when fabric from different dye lots is spread together without shade banding or matching, which is a control issue in fabric handling. The design, the retail price and carton printing do not determine fabric shade.

Question 16Introduction to the Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector and Career Opportunities

Which statement best captures the relationship between the apparel segment and the made-ups and home furnishing segment within the same industry?

  1. They use entirely separate machinery and have no shared processes
  2. Apparel production never requires fabric inspection
  3. They share fabric, cutting, stitching and finishing resources but differ in end use and specifications Correct answer.
  4. Made-ups are always exported while apparel is always sold domestically

Explanation

Both segments draw on the same textile supply chain and similar cut-stitch-finish operations, but their products differ in end use, sizing logic and performance specifications such as shrinkage and colour fastness for repeated washing. Market destination and machinery are not fixed by segment.

Question 17Workplace Safety, Health and Hygiene; Personal Protective Equipment

In an apparel made-ups unit, a worker is handling a needle-piercing machine. Which PPE item is most important for protecting the hands from cuts and punctures?

  1. Safety goggles
  2. Cut-resistant gloves Correct answer.
  3. Ear plugs
  4. Cotton face mask

Explanation

Cut-resistant gloves are designed to protect the hands from sharp edges, needles and fabric-cutting tools. Other PPE items protect different body parts and do not reduce hand injury risk.

Question 18Workplace Safety, Health and Hygiene; Personal Protective Equipment

A worker in the stitching section complains of eye irritation from flying lint and thread particles. Which PPE should be provided?

  1. Hair net
  2. Apron
  3. Safety goggles Correct answer.
  4. Steel-toe boots

Explanation

Safety goggles form a sealed barrier around the eyes and stop lint, dust and small particles from entering. They are the standard eye protection for stitching and cutting areas.

Question 19Workplace Safety, Health and Hygiene; Personal Protective Equipment

Which action best describes correct use of a fire extinguisher on a small fabric fire in the cutting room?

  1. Throw water on the fire before using the extinguisher
  2. Spray the extinguisher upward toward the ceiling
  3. Aim at the flames and spray from a distance in sweeping motions
  4. Aim at the base of the fire and sweep side to side Correct answer.

Explanation

The standard technique is to aim at the base of the fire, because that is where the fuel is burning, and sweep side to side. Aiming at flames or the ceiling wastes the agent and does not extinguish the source.

Question 20Workplace Safety, Health and Hygiene; Personal Protective Equipment

What is the main purpose of wearing a dust mask in the fabric-cutting and fusing sections?

  1. To improve the worker's grip on tools
  2. To keep the worker's face warm
  3. To reduce inhalation of fine fabric dust and fibres Correct answer.
  4. To protect the eyes from sparks

Explanation

Cutting and fusing release fine fibres and fumes, and a dust mask filters these particles before they are inhaled. This protects the respiratory system from long-term harm.

Question 21Workplace Safety, Health and Hygiene; Personal Protective Equipment

A worker notices a frayed electrical cord on a sewing machine. What is the correct immediate action?

  1. Shift the machine to another table and keep sewing
  2. Tape the frayed part and continue working
  3. Hold the cord with a cloth while operating
  4. Stop using the machine and report it to the supervisor Correct answer.

Explanation

A frayed cord can cause electric shock or fire, so the machine must be taken out of use and reported for repair. Temporary fixes such as taping or holding the cord leave the hazard in place.

Question 22Workplace Safety, Health and Hygiene; Personal Protective Equipment

In an apparel unit, which practice best prevents the spread of skin infections among workers handling shared tools?

  1. Washing hands regularly and cleaning shared tools Correct answer.
  2. Sharing scissors without cleaning them between shifts
  3. Wearing the same gloves for the whole week
  4. Storing personal tools in the cutting area

Explanation

Regular hand washing and cleaning of shared tools reduce the transfer of microorganisms between workers. Shared uncleaned tools and long-worn gloves can carry infection from one person to another.

Question 23Workplace Safety, Health and Hygiene; Personal Protective Equipment

A worker must lift a heavy bundle of cut fabric from the floor. Which technique reduces the risk of back injury?

  1. Twist the body while lifting to gain momentum
  2. Hold the bundle away from the body while lifting
  3. Bend at the waist, keep legs straight and lift quickly
  4. Bend the knees, keep the back straight and lift smoothly Correct answer.

Explanation

Bending the knees and keeping the back straight uses the leg muscles and keeps the load close, reducing strain on the spine. Twisting or lifting with straight legs increases the risk of back injury.

Question 24Workplace Safety, Health and Hygiene; Personal Protective Equipment

Which PPE combination is most appropriate for a worker operating a high-speed overlock machine in a noisy section?

  1. Face shield and heat-resistant gloves
  2. Ear plugs and finger guards Correct answer.
  3. Safety helmet and welding shield
  4. Respirator and rubber boots

Explanation

High-speed overlock machines produce noise and expose fingers to the needle and blade, so ear plugs and finger guards address the main hazards. Helmets, welding shields and heat gloves are for hazards not present in this task.

Question 25Workplace Safety, Health and Hygiene; Personal Protective Equipment

A worker's hand is caught by a rotating machine part. What is the first priority in the emergency response?

  1. Try to pull the worker free by hand
  2. Switch off the machine and call for help Correct answer.
  3. Apply oil to the machine to loosen the grip
  4. Ask the worker to keep still and continue working

Explanation

The machine must be stopped immediately to prevent further injury, and trained help should be called. Pulling the worker free by hand or continuing work can worsen the injury.

Question 26Workplace Safety, Health and Hygiene; Personal Protective Equipment

Which statement correctly describes the purpose of a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for a dye or chemical used in a made-ups unit?

  1. It lists the price and supplier of the chemical
  2. It records the daily attendance of workers
  3. It gives hazard, handling and first-aid information for the chemical Correct answer.
  4. It shows the stitching speed of machines

Explanation

An MSDS provides hazard identification, safe handling, storage and first-aid information for a chemical. Workers and supervisors use it to plan safe use and respond to spills or exposure.

Question 27Workplace Safety, Health and Hygiene; Personal Protective Equipment

A worker in the packing section develops redness and itching on the hands after handling treated fabric. Which step is most appropriate?

  1. Apply machine oil to the affected skin
  2. Ignore the symptoms and continue handling the fabric
  3. Cover the hands with a plastic bag and continue
  4. Wash the affected skin, report the reaction and seek first aid Correct answer.

Explanation

Skin reactions may indicate irritation or allergy from dyes or finishes, so the affected area should be washed and the reaction reported for first aid and investigation. Continuing exposure or applying non-medical substances can worsen the condition.

Question 28Workplace Safety, Health and Hygiene; Personal Protective Equipment

Which arrangement best keeps an apparel workshop free from slip and trip hazards?

  1. Leaving fabric scraps on the floor until the end of the shift
  2. Running cables across the main walkway
  3. Keeping aisles clear and cleaning spills immediately Correct answer.
  4. Storing boxes in the walkway to save time

Explanation

Clear aisles and immediate cleaning of spills remove the main causes of slips and trips. Scraps, boxes and loose cables in walkways create obstructions and increase accident risk.

Question 29Workplace Safety, Health and Hygiene; Personal Protective Equipment

Which fire extinguisher class is suitable for a fire involving electrical sewing machines, provided the power is isolated first?

  1. Water extinguisher
  2. Wet chemical extinguisher
  3. Foam extinguisher
  4. Carbon dioxide extinguisher Correct answer.

Explanation

Carbon dioxide extinguishers are suitable for electrical fires because the gas does not conduct electricity and leaves no residue. Water and foam can conduct electricity and damage equipment.

Question 30Workplace Safety, Health and Hygiene; Personal Protective Equipment

A supervisor wants to reduce hearing damage among workers in a loud stitching hall. Which control measure is the most effective at the source?

  1. Shortening the working day
  2. Giving workers ear plugs only
  3. Rotating workers between shifts
  4. Servicing and lubricating machines to reduce noise Correct answer.

Explanation

Noise control at the source, such as servicing and lubricating machines, reduces the noise reaching every worker. PPE and rotation are secondary measures used when the source cannot be fully controlled.

Question 31Workplace Safety, Health and Hygiene; Personal Protective Equipment

A worker using a chemical stain remover spills it on the floor. Which sequence follows correct safety practice?

  1. Evacuate the building and call the fire brigade
  2. Cover the spill with fabric and leave it until the next shift
  3. Wipe the spill with bare hands and continue working
  4. Alert nearby workers, ventilate the area, contain and clean the spill using the MSDS guidance Correct answer.

Explanation

The correct response is to warn others, improve ventilation, and contain and clean the spill according to the chemical's safety data sheet. Evacuating the whole building or leaving the spill untreated is disproportionate or unsafe.

Question 32Workplace Safety, Health and Hygiene; Personal Protective Equipment

In a made-ups unit, a worker is asked to clean a running machine with compressed air. Which risk assessment conclusion is most accurate?

  1. It improves efficiency and needs no control
  2. It creates flying particles and noise, so the machine should be stopped and PPE used Correct answer.
  3. It is safe if the worker stands at a distance
  4. It is safe because compressed air is clean

Explanation

Compressed air can propel lint and metal particles into the eyes and skin and adds to noise, so cleaning should be done with the machine stopped and with suitable PPE. Distance or efficiency claims do not remove the hazard.

Question 33Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics: Types, Properties and Identification

Which fibre is obtained from the seed of a plant and is the main raw material of the Punjab cotton textile industry?

  1. Wool
  2. Jute
  3. Silk
  4. Cotton Correct answer.

Explanation

Cotton is a natural cellulosic fibre harvested from the seed boll of the cotton plant and is grown widely in Punjab, making it the backbone of the local textile trade. The other three fibres come from different sources and are not seed hairs.

Question 34Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics: Types, Properties and Identification

A fabric sample burns with a smell like burning paper and leaves a soft grey ash. Which fibre is most likely present?

  1. Nylon
  2. Wool
  3. Cotton Correct answer.
  4. Polyester

Explanation

Cellulosic fibres such as cotton burn like paper because both are made of cellulose, leaving light grey ash with no melting bead. Protein fibres smell of burnt hair, while synthetic fibres melt and form a hard bead.

Question 35Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics: Types, Properties and Identification

Which term describes the natural twist that holds short staple fibres together to form a yarn?

  1. Gauge
  2. Filament
  3. Denier
  4. Spinning twist Correct answer.

Explanation

Staple fibres are short, so they must be twisted together during spinning to produce a coherent yarn; this inserted twist is the spinning twist. Denier measures filament fineness, a filament is a continuous strand, and gauge is a knitting needle measurement.

Question 36Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics: Types, Properties and Identification

Which weave produces a fabric with a smooth face, a duller back and a diagonal line across the surface?

  1. Twill weave Correct answer.
  2. Plain weave
  3. Satin weave
  4. Pile weave

Explanation

In twill weave the weft crosses over two or more warp ends in a stepped sequence, creating the characteristic diagonal rib on the face of the cloth. Plain weave gives a checkerboard interlacing, satin gives long floats with high lustre, and pile weave raises loops or tufts.

Question 37Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics: Types, Properties and Identification

Which property makes polyester popular for school uniforms in Punjab's hot climate?

  1. It is attacked easily by moths
  2. It shrinks greatly on washing
  3. It dries fast and resists creasing Correct answer.
  4. It absorbs moisture quickly

Explanation

Polyester is hydrophobic, so it takes up little water, dries quickly and holds its shape without ironing, which suits wash-and-wear uniforms. Its low moisture regain is the reason it feels clammy in heat, but it does not absorb quickly, shrink heavily or attract moths.

Question 38Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics: Types, Properties and Identification

What is the standard unit used to express the linear density of continuous filament yarns such as silk or nylon?

  1. Denier Correct answer.
  2. Grams per square metre
  3. Tex count of staple only
  4. Micronaire

Explanation

Denier is the mass in grams of 9000 metres of filament yarn, so a higher denier means a thicker filament yarn. Micronaire is used for cotton fibre fineness, and grams per square metre is the areal density of fabric, not yarn.

Question 39Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics: Types, Properties and Identification

Which fabric structure is made by interlocking loops of yarn rather than by interlacing two sets of yarns at right angles?

  1. Bonded fabric
  2. Woven fabric
  3. Non-woven fabric
  4. Knitted fabric Correct answer.

Explanation

Knitting builds fabric from interlocking loops of a single yarn path, which is why knitted cloth stretches and runs. Woven fabric comes from interlacing warp and weft, while non-woven and bonded fabrics are made directly from fibres without yarn loops.

Question 40Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics: Types, Properties and Identification

A yarn is described as 2/60s cotton count. What does the figure 2 indicate?

  1. Two single yarns are plied together Correct answer.
  2. The yarn has 60 twists per inch
  3. The yarn contains 2 per cent waste
  4. The yarn is 2 denier in fineness

Explanation

In the 2/60s notation the first number is the number of single yarns twisted together, so two 60s singles are plied to make the final yarn. The 60 refers to the cotton count of each single, not to twist or waste.

Question 41Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics: Types, Properties and Identification

Which fibre is a bast fibre obtained from the stem of the jute plant and is used for sacking and carpet backing?

  1. Jute Correct answer.
  2. Flax
  3. Ramie
  4. Coir

Explanation

Jute is a lignified bast fibre from the stem, valued for cheapness and strength in sacking, hessian and carpet backing. Coir comes from coconut husk, ramie is a finer bast fibre, and flax yields linen for apparel rather than sacking.

Question 42Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics: Types, Properties and Identification

In a plain weave, a warp yarn passes over and under how many weft yarns before the pattern repeats?

  1. Two weft yarns
  2. One weft yarn Correct answer.
  3. Three weft yarns
  4. Four weft yarns

Explanation

Plain weave is the simplest interlacing: each warp end crosses alternately over one and under one weft pick, and the next end does the reverse. Twill and satin use floats over two or more yarns, which is why they differ from plain cloth.

Question 43Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics: Types, Properties and Identification

A garment label states the fabric is 100 per cent viscose. Which statement about viscose is correct?

  1. It is a mineral fibre obtained from asbestos
  2. It is a regenerated cellulosic fibre with high moisture absorbency Correct answer.
  3. It is a fully synthetic fibre made from petroleum only
  4. It is a natural protein fibre from animal hair

Explanation

Viscose is manufactured by dissolving and regenerating cellulose, usually from wood pulp, so it is classed as a regenerated cellulosic fibre and absorbs moisture well. It is neither a petroleum-only synthetic nor an animal or mineral fibre.

Question 44Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics: Types, Properties and Identification

Which test would best distinguish wool from acrylic when a flame test gives a similar burnt-hair smell?

  1. Colour of the fabric
  2. Burning rate only
  3. Solubility in sodium hypochlorite solution Correct answer.
  4. Thread count of the cloth

Explanation

Wool is a protein fibre and dissolves in sodium hypochlorite bleach, whereas acrylic is a polyacrylonitrile synthetic and resists it, so the solubility test separates them. Burning rate, colour and thread count are not reliable identifiers of fibre type.

Question 45Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics: Types, Properties and Identification

Which combination correctly matches a fibre with its burning behaviour?

  1. Cotton - burns like paper with grey ash Correct answer.
  2. Silk - melts into a hard bead
  3. Nylon - smells of burnt hair
  4. Wool - smells of burning paper

Explanation

Cotton is cellulosic and burns like paper, leaving soft grey ash, which is a classic identification clue. Silk and wool are protein and smell of burnt hair, while nylon is synthetic and melts to a hard bead.

Question 46Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics: Types, Properties and Identification

Why are filament yarns such as polyester multifilament smoother and stronger than staple cotton yarns of similar count?

  1. Filaments are continuous and aligned, so fewer fibre ends protrude Correct answer.
  2. Filaments have more loose fibre ends
  3. Staple fibres are longer than filaments
  4. Staple fibres need no twist at all

Explanation

Continuous filaments lie parallel along the yarn with few loose ends, giving a smooth, strong, low-hairiness yarn. Staple fibres are short, so their ends protrude and they need twist to hold together, which reduces smoothness and strength.

Question 47Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics: Types, Properties and Identification

Which weave is used for denim, giving it a strong diagonal rib and a darker face?

  1. Plain weave
  2. Twill weave Correct answer.
  3. Leno weave
  4. Satin weave

Explanation

Denim is a 3/1 twill in which indigo-dyed warp yarns dominate the face, producing the diagonal rib and darker front with a lighter back. Plain weave would give a flat, balanced cloth, while satin and leno serve other purposes.

Question 48Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics: Types, Properties and Identification

Which property of cotton makes it suitable for summer clothing and absorbent towels?

  1. High moisture regain and good absorbency Correct answer.
  2. High resistance to mildew
  3. Thermoplastic behaviour on ironing
  4. High elasticity and stretch recovery

Explanation

Cotton cellulose contains many hydroxyl groups that attract water, giving high moisture regain and good absorbency, which helps towels and summer wear. Cotton has poor elasticity, does not melt like thermoplastics, and is attacked by mildew when damp.

Question 49Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics: Types, Properties and Identification

A fabric shrinks badly and develops a harsh feel after washing. Which fibre blend is most likely responsible for the shrinkage?

  1. 100 per cent polyester
  2. 100 per cent nylon
  3. 100 per cent acrylic
  4. 100 per cent cotton with no pre-shrinking Correct answer.

Explanation

Untreated cotton fabrics relax and shrink on first washing because the fibres swell and the yarn crimp is released, so pre-shrinking or sanforising is needed. The synthetic options are thermoplastic and dimensionally stable, so they shrink far less.

Question 50Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics: Types, Properties and Identification

Which yarn is produced by twisting together two or more single yarns to improve strength and evenness?

  1. Fancy loop yarn
  2. Slub yarn
  3. Plied yarn Correct answer.
  4. Rotor-spun single yarn

Explanation

Plying twists two or more singles together, usually in the opposite direction to the singles twist, which balances the yarn and increases strength and evenness. Slub and loop yarns are fancy yarns with deliberate irregularities, and rotor-spun yarn is a single yarn.