Quality Control, Inspection and Care of Textile Products
What this domain tests
Defect classification, the four-point fabric inspection system, AQL sampling logic, and care-label and labelling requirements.
Inspection basics
- Four-point system: defect up to 3 in = 1 point; over 3 up to 6 in = 2 points; over 6 up to 9 in = 3 points; over 9 in = 4 points. Holes up to 1 in score 1 point; maximum 4 points per linear yard.
- Results are usually expressed as points per 100 square yards and compared with the agreed acceptance level.
- AQL sampling (ISO 2859) sets sample size and accept/reject numbers from lot size and inspection level.
- Inspection stages: in-line, end-of-line, final and pre-shipment audit.
- Common defects: skip stitch, needle hole, shade variation, puckering, oil stain, broken stitch, measurement out of tolerance, misaligned placket or pocket.
Care and labelling
- Care symbols follow ISO 3758: washtub with a number = maximum wash temperature; triangle = bleaching; square with circle = tumble drying; iron with dots = temperature (1 dot low, 3 dots high); circle = dry cleaning.
- Fibre content and MRP are legal labelling requirements under Indian legal metrology rules.
Worked example
A 40-yard roll shows defects of 2 in, 4 in and 10 in. Score: 2 in = 2 points, 4 in = 2 points, 10 in = 4 points, total 8 points. Per 100 yards: 8 ÷ 40 × 100 = 20 points per 100 linear yards. If the buyer's limit is 15, the roll is rejected. The trap is forgetting the normalisation step.
Traps that cost marks
- Scoring a 10 in defect as 3 points instead of 4.
- Reporting total points without converting to per-100-yards or per-100-square-yards.
- Reading iron dots backwards.
- Ignoring shade variation because it is not a hole or a stitch fault.