Rajasthan Group D flashcards
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- Rajasthan formation date
- Rajasthan was formed in stages; the United State of Greater Rajasthan came into being on 30 March 1949, and the final integration with Ajmer-Merwara was completed in 1956.
- Ghoomar dance
- A traditional Rajasthani folk dance performed by women in circular formations, especially during festivals and weddings; it is associated with the Bhil community and the royal courts of Mewar.
- Guru Shikhar
- The highest peak of the Aravalli Range, located in Mount Abu, Rajasthan, with an elevation of about 1,722 metres; it is a popular trekking and tourist spot.
- Chambal River
- The only perennial river flowing through Rajasthan; it originates in the Vindhya Range and flows north-east, forming deep ravines and supporting irrigation and hydroelectric projects.
- Sambhar Lake
- India's largest inland salt lake, located in Rajasthan near Jaipur; it is a Ramsar site and an important habitat for migratory birds such as flamingos.
- Rajasthan Legislative Assembly
- The unicameral state legislature of Rajasthan, with 200 elected members; it meets in Jaipur and plays a key role in state law-making and budget approval.
- Fundamental Duties
- Eleven duties listed in Article 51A of the Indian Constitution, added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976; they remind citizens of their obligations to the nation and society.
- President election method
- The President of India is elected by an electoral college of elected MPs and elected MLAs using proportional representation with a single transferable vote and secret ballot.
- Tropic of Cancer
- An imaginary latitude at about 23.5°N that passes through eight Indian states, including Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura, and Mizoram.
- NITI Aayog
- The National Institution for Transforming India, established in 2015 to replace the Planning Commission; it serves as a policy think tank for the Government of India.
- Chandrayaan-3
- India's third lunar mission, launched in July 2023; its lander Vikram successfully touched down near the Moon's south pole in August 2023, making India the first country to do so.
- Newton's second law
- The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass; expressed as F = ma, where F is force, m is mass, and a is acceleration.
- pH scale
- A scale from 0 to 14 measuring the acidity or alkalinity of a solution; pH less than 7 is acidic, 7 is neutral, and greater than 7 is basic (alkaline).
- Mitochondria
- Membrane-bound organelles found in most eukaryotic cells, often called the powerhouse of the cell because they produce ATP through cellular respiration, supplying energy for cellular activities.
- Greenhouse effect
- The warming of Earth's surface caused by greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapour trapping outgoing infrared radiation in the atmosphere.
- Ozone layer
- A region in the stratosphere containing high concentrations of ozone (O₃) that absorbs most of the Sun's harmful ultraviolet radiation, protecting life on Earth.
- Simple interest formula
- Simple interest is calculated as SI = (P × R × T) / 100, where P is the principal amount, R is the annual rate of interest in percent, and T is the time in years.
- Area of a circle
- The area of a circle is given by A = πr², where r is the radius and π is approximately 3.1416; the circumference is C = 2πr.
- Heron's formula
- A formula for the area of a triangle when all three sides a, b, and c are known: Area = √[s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)], where s = (a+b+c)/2 is the semi-perimeter.
- Pythagoras theorem
- In a right-angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse equals the sum of the squares of the other two sides: a² + b² = c², where c is the hypotenuse.
- Volume of a sphere
- The volume of a sphere is V = (4/3)πr³, where r is the radius; its surface area is 4πr².
- Blood relation symbols
- In reasoning, use + for male, − for female, = for siblings, and → for parent-child relationships; draw a family tree to trace relationships such as maternal uncle (mother's brother).
- Syllogism rule
- In syllogistic reasoning, conclusions must follow necessarily from the premises; 'Some A are B' does not imply 'All A are B', and two particular premises yield no definite conclusion.
- Clock hand angle
- The angle between the hour and minute hands of a clock at H hours and M minutes is given by |30H − 5.5M| degrees; the hands coincide every 65 5/11 minutes.
- Odd days in calendar
- Odd days are the remainder when total days are divided by 7; an ordinary year has 1 odd day, a leap year has 2, and a century has 5 odd days (except 400-year cycles).
- संधि
- दो वर्णों के मेल से उत्पन्न परिवर्तन को संधि कहते हैं; इसके तीन भेद हैं-स्वर संधि, व्यंजन संधि और विसर्ग संधि। उदाहरण: विद्या + आलय = विद्यालय।
- समास
- दो या दो से अधिक शब्दों के मेल से बने संक्षिप्त पद को समास कहते हैं; मुख्य भेद तत्पुरुष, कर्मधारय, द्वंद्व, बहुव्रीहि और अव्ययीभाव हैं।
- कारक
- वाक्य में संज्ञा या सर्वनाम का क्रिया से संबंध बताने वाले चिह्न को कारक कहते हैं; इसके आठ भेद हैं-कर्ता, कर्म, करण, सम्प्रदान, अपादान, सम्बन्ध, अधिकरण और सम्बोधन।
- मुहावरा
- ऐसे वाक्यांश जो अपने शब्दिक अर्थ के बजाय विशेष लाक्षणिक अर्थ में प्रयुक्त होते हैं; जैसे 'नौ दो ग्यारह होना' का अर्थ है भाग जाना।
- Subject-verb agreement
- A grammatical rule that a verb must agree with its subject in number and person; singular subjects take singular verbs, and indefinite pronouns like 'each' and 'neither' take singular verbs.
- Active to passive voice
- To change active to passive, make the object the subject, use the appropriate form of 'be' plus the past participle, and optionally add 'by' with the original subject.
- Prepositions of time
- Use 'in' for months, years, and long periods; 'on' for days and dates; 'at' for exact times; 'since' with a point of time and 'for' with a duration.