RBSE Sec Voc IT and ITeS flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Von Neumann architecture

Computer design where program instructions and data share the same memory, and the CPU repeatedly fetches, decodes and executes instructions in sequence.

Volatile memory

Memory that loses its stored contents when power is switched off, such as RAM. ROM, flash and hard disks retain data without power.

Logic gate AND

Digital gate whose output is 1 only when every input is 1; if any input is 0, the output is 0.

Absolute cell reference

Spreadsheet reference such as $A$1 that stays fixed when a formula is copied to another cell, unlike a relative reference.

VLOOKUP exact match

Spreadsheet function that searches the first column of a table for an exact value and returns a value from a specified column, with range_lookup set to FALSE.

Slide master

Presentation template layer that stores fonts, colours and placeholder positions so every slide using it keeps a consistent design.

Domain Name System

Internet service that translates human-readable domain names such as example.com into numeric IP addresses computers use to route traffic.

HTTPS

HTTP carried over TLS encryption, protecting data in transit between browser and server; shown by a padlock, it does not prove the site is honest.

Bcc field

Email field that sends a copy to recipients whose addresses are hidden from other recipients, useful for protecting privacy in bulk mail.

Primary key

Column or set of columns that uniquely identifies each row in a table and cannot contain null values.

Foreign key

Column in one table that references the primary key of another table, enforcing referential integrity between related records.

Third normal form

Normalisation stage where a table is in second normal form and has no transitive dependency, so non-key columns depend only on the key.

ACID properties

Four transaction guarantees: atomicity (all or nothing), consistency (valid state), isolation (independent transactions) and durability (survives failure).

Flowchart decision symbol

Diamond shape in a flowchart representing a yes/no condition that splits the flow into two or more branches.

While loop

Iteration structure that tests its condition before executing the body, so the body may run zero times.

Logic error

Programming mistake where the program runs without crashing but produces incorrect results, often from wrong formulas or conditions.

Business process outsourcing

Arrangement where an organisation contracts an external provider to run standard repeatable processes such as payroll, data entry or customer support.

Knowledge process outsourcing

Outsourcing of high-skill, judgement-based work such as research, analytics, legal review or financial modelling, rather than routine transactions.

Average handling time

Contact-centre metric measuring total talk time plus hold and after-call work, divided by the number of contacts handled.

Active listening

Communication technique of concentrating fully, avoiding interruption, paraphrasing the speaker's message and confirming understanding before responding.

Empathy statement

Customer-service phrase that acknowledges the customer's feeling, such as recognising frustration, before offering a concrete solution.

Escalation

Transfer of a customer issue to a higher authority or specialist team when it exceeds the agent's authority, policy or technical ability.

Phishing

Fraudulent message that impersonates a trusted party to trick the recipient into revealing passwords, card data or clicking malicious links.

Ransomware

Malicious software that encrypts files or locks a device and demands payment, usually in cryptocurrency, for restoring access.

Multi-factor authentication

Login protection requiring two or more different evidence types, such as a password plus a one-time code or fingerprint.

CIA triad

Core security model of confidentiality, integrity and availability used to evaluate how well information assets are protected.

3-2-1 backup rule

Backup strategy keeping three copies of data, on two different media, with one copy stored off-site to survive local disasters.

Social engineering

Manipulating people through trust, urgency or authority to obtain confidential information or make them perform unsafe actions.

SWOT analysis

Planning tool that maps internal strengths and weaknesses against external opportunities and threats before choosing a business strategy.

Break-even quantity

Number of units a business must sell to cover all costs, calculated as fixed cost divided by price minus variable cost per unit.

SMART goals

Goal-setting rule requiring objectives to be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound so progress can be tracked.

STAR interview answer

Structured response describing the situation, task, action taken and result achieved, giving interviewers concrete evidence of competence.