RBSE SS Home Science flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Adolescence age range

WHO defines adolescence as ages 10 to 19 years, a transitional period between childhood and adulthood marked by rapid physical, cognitive, and psychosocial change.

Menarche

Menarche is a girl's first menstrual period, typically occurring between ages 10 and 16 and usually following breast development and pubic hair growth.

Tanner staging

Tanner staging is a five-stage scale rating pubertal development of pubic hair and breasts in girls or genitals in boys, from prepubertal stage 1 to adult stage 5.

Erikson identity versus role confusion

Erikson's adolescent psychosocial stage in which the young person forms a coherent sense of self; failure results in confusion about identity and social roles.

Hindu Marriage Act minimum age

Under the Hindu Marriage Act 1955, the minimum legal age for marriage is 18 years for a bride and 21 years for a groom.

Family life cycle

The family life cycle describes predictable stages a family passes through, from marriage and childbearing through launching children to the aging years.

Nuclear family

A nuclear family consists of two parents and their dependent children living in one household, without extended relatives such as grandparents.

Dowry Prohibition Act 1961

Indian law that makes giving or taking dowry in connection with marriage an offence, punishable with imprisonment and fine.

Energy value of fat

Fat provides approximately 9 kilocalories per gram, more than twice the energy supplied by carbohydrate or protein at 4 kcal per gram.

Kwashiorkor

A protein deficiency disease in children marked by oedema, enlarged fatty liver, poor growth, and hair and skin changes, often with adequate energy intake.

Balanced diet

A diet supplying all nutrients in correct proportions and adequate energy for age, sex, and activity, drawn from cereals, pulses, milk, vegetables, fruits, and fats.

Body mass index

BMI equals weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared; it screens adults as underweight, normal, overweight, or obese.

Iodine deficiency disorders

A group of conditions caused by insufficient iodine, including goitre, cretinism, and impaired mental development, prevented by iodised salt.

Danger zone temperature

The range of 5 to 60 degrees Celsius in which foodborne bacteria multiply rapidly; foods should be held outside this range.

FSSAI

The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India regulates food standards, licensing, and labelling under the Food Safety and Standards Act 2006.

HACCP

Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point is a preventive food safety system that identifies hazards and sets control points monitored throughout food production.

Metanil yellow adulterant

A banned yellow dye sometimes added to turmeric and sweets; its presence can be detected by adding dilute hydrochloric acid, which gives a pink colour.

Human and non-human resources

Human resources are personal qualities such as time, energy, knowledge, and skills; non-human resources are money, goods, and facilities.

Work simplification

A management technique using eliminate, combine, rearrange, and simplify steps to reduce drudgery, fatigue, and time spent on household tasks.

Consumer Protection Act 2019

Indian law establishing consumer rights, a three-tier redressal commission system, and rules on product liability and misleading advertisements.

Agmark

A quality certification mark issued for agricultural products in India, indicating grading and standards set under the Agricultural Produce Grading and Marking Act.

Mercerisation

A chemical treatment of cotton fabric with sodium hydroxide that increases lustre, strength, and dye absorption and improves dimensional stability.

Twill weave

A weave with diagonal lines formed by passing weft yarns over one and under two or more warp yarns, giving strength and durability.

Elements of design

The basic visual components used in clothing and interior design: line, shape, colour, texture, and space.

Embryonic stage

The prenatal period from about two to eight weeks after conception, when major organ systems form and the embryo is most vulnerable to teratogens.

Authoritative parenting

A parenting style combining high warmth and clear, reasonable limits, associated with self-reliant, socially competent children.

Attachment

The emotional bond between an infant and caregiver, classified by Ainsworth as secure, avoidant, ambivalent, or disorganized based on responses to separation.

Extension education

Informal, out-of-school education that helps rural and community members acquire knowledge and skills to improve their lives through voluntary participation.

Adoption process stages

The five stages by which a person accepts a new practice: awareness, interest, evaluation, trial, and adoption.

Audio-visual aids

Teaching materials such as charts, models, posters, films, and demonstrations that engage sight and hearing to make extension messages clear and memorable.

Normal adult pulse rate

The resting pulse rate of a healthy adult is about 60 to 100 beats per minute; it rises with fever, exercise, and stress.

Oral rehydration solution

A mixture of glucose and salts in safe water used to treat dehydration from diarrhoea; WHO low-osmolarity ORS with zinc is the standard.